• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.235-241
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• 2017

This study aimed to help the college students majoring in beauty to have interests and manage the functional areas of scalp and hair by accurately identifying the condition of scalp and hair and realizing the convergence management habit and subjective symptoms for the condition. The study conducted a survey on 160 beauty major college universities in their 20s living in the Jeonnam area by asking the subjects to directly write the answers. The study found that many subjects had combination type of scalps and hair problems of split ends and thin hair, and recognized that their hair was damaged. They answered that frequent dyeing and perm caused the damage and they were using the shampoo for damaged hair to prevent hair damage. Regarding the observable symptoms on scalp and hair, it was identified that self-perception was higher as the interest in scalp was high, which influenced age and sleeping time.

• The Korean Nurse
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• v.37 no.3
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• pp.62-77
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• 1998

지역 사회 서비스는 노인들이 질적으로 보다나은 삶을 영위할 수 있도록 돕는 기능을 해야 한다. 적절한 서비스의 공급을 위해서는 지역사회 서비스 욕구 사정의 과정이 우선적으로 요구되어지며, 이에 본 연구는 호주 NSW주 Illawarra지역내의 retirement village에 거주하는 자가 돌봄이 가능한 노인들의 지역사회 서비스에 대한 욕구를 평가하는데 그 목적을 두었다. Illawarra지역내의 여덟개 retirement village에 거주하는 98명의 자가 돌봄이 가능한 노인들을 대상으로 그들의 1) functional status; 2) 지역 사회 서비스에 대한 지식정도; 3) 지역 사회 서비스 사용정도; 4) 지역 사회 서비스 만족도; 5) 잠재적인 지역 사회 서비스 욕구 등에 대한 자가 보고형 설문조사가 이루어졌다. 수집된 자료들은 JMP(for Mackitosh) program으로 통계 처리되었고, computed frequencies가 본 연구의 목표 달성을 위해 주로 사용되었다. 연구 결과를 요약하면 아래와 같다. 1. 평균 연령 76세인 대상자들의 80%이상이 그들의 일상 생활 운영에 다른 사람의 도움을 필요로 하지 않으며 건강상태 또한 양호하다고 자각했다. 2. 90%이상의 대상자들이 지역 사회 서비스를 이용하지 않았다. 3. 70%이상의 대상자가 지역 사회 서비스의 존재에 대해 지각하고 있었다. 4. 60%이상의 대상자가 필요시에는 지역 사회 서비스에 관한 정보를 어렵지 않게 얻을 수 있다고 생각했다. 5. 40%의 대상자가 기존의 지역 사회 서비스에 대한 양과 질에 만족을 나타냈고, 그 외의 대상자들 (60%)은 그 지역 사회 서비스에 대한구체적인 지식이 없다고 보고했다. 6. 25%의 대상자들이 여러 지역 사회 서비스에 관한 관심을 보였다. 결론적으로 대다수의 대상자들은 대부분의 지역 사회 서비스들을 필요로 하지 않았고, 이러한 결과는 현재 자가간호가 가능한 retirement village 거주 노인들에게 당연한 것으로 보여진다. 그러나, 자존감이 강한 노인들에게 서비스 욕구는 자가 돌봄이 건강에 대한 포기정도로 왜곡되어 자각될 가능성이 있는 만큼, 본 연구를 통해 보고된 대상자들의 지역 사회 서비스에 대한 관심도는 고려해 볼만한 가치가 있다고 여겨지며, 이에 노인들의 자존감이 서비스 욕구에 미치는 영향에 대한 연구를 제언하는 바이다.

• Journal of the Korean Geographical Society
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• v.39
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• pp.93-114
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• 1989

거의 해마다 내습하는 태풍위험을 제주지역 농부들이 어떻게 인식하고 그에 적응하고 있는지 아울러 이와같이 연례행사처럼 발생하는 태풍재해 문제 해결에 있어 정부관계기관의 역할에 대한 그들의 인식은 어떠한가를 살펴보는 것이 본 연구의 목적이다. 우선 위 연구과제를 살피기 위하여 다음과 같은 세 가지 가설이 전제되었다. 첫째, 태풍과 같은 자연발생적 위협과 빈번한 접촉내지 오랜 경험은 인간에게 위험과 손실을 준다는 자각으로 이끌며 또한 장차 발생의 정확한 예측에 비교적 밀접한 관계를 갖는다. 그리고 이러한 경험들은 그와같은 자연발생적 위협으로부터 일시 피하거나 위협지역으로부터 아주 떠나 버린다기 보다 오히려 적응이라는 선택을 취한다. 둘째, 인간이 이와같은 위협지역 제주도와 같이 사회문화적인 특성이 뚜렷한 지역에 삶의 터전을 가지고 있는 것은 경제적 요인에서라기보다도 사회문화적 바탕에서 그 원인을 찾을 수 있다. 셋째로, 정부의 이와같은 자연발생적 재해문제 해결은 해당 지역 거주주민들과 보다 긴밀한 컴뮤니케이션과 함께 정부나 컴뮤니티를 통한 자연재해에 관한 계몽교육을 강화함으로서 그 역할이 효과적으로 수행될 수 있다. 총 113명의 농업을 주업으로 하는 가구주들을 제주도의 상습태풍재해지구에서 무작위 단게별군집(Random-cluster Stratified Sampling)방법에 의하여 선별하고 태풍위협에 대한 개인별 재해인식과 인간 적응을 알아보기 위하여 작성된 설문서를 통하여 각기 면담, 연구분석자료가 수집되었다. 제주농부들의 태풍에 대한 자각과 적응은 제주도 나름의 풍토에서 오랜 삶의 경험을 토대로 얻어진 결과라는 것이 입증되었다. 한편, 장차 태풍 내습에 대한 그들의 예측은 상당히 정확하였으며, 태풍재해에 대한 적응은 동기적이고 예방적 즉, 농부들은 재해의 근원적 소멸을 위해 재해지역을 떠난다기보다 오히려 피해를 감수하고 있었으며 또한 그들의 기본 영농방법이나 작물의 대체를 급격히 전환한다기 보다 부분적으로 수정, 변경시켜 나가고 있는 것으로 나타났다. 한편, 그들의 적응과정은 현대적 영농기술과 그들 특유의 전통적 방법을 혼합 병행하고 있었으며 가족이나 친척 이웃과의 유대관계가 재해지역에 거주하는 지배적 이유로 나타났다. 또 한편, 해당연구지역 농부들은 태풍피해에 대한 정부의 보조를 알고는 있으나 그것이 재해문제를 해결하는데 있어서 효율적이라고 생각치 않고 있다. 그들은 더욱 많은 재정적 보조를 희망하는 것만큼 연례저긍로 내습, 피해를 주고 있는 태풍재해 문제에 대한 정부의 적극적이고 좀더 효과적 예방 대책을 요구하고 있다.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.85 no.2
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• pp.251-259
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• 1996

This study was conducted to find out whether information based on norm activation theory affects personal norm and rule-violating behavior in a recreation setting, using the data collected from the Second Campground in Chiri-Mountain National Park in 1994. Of the total 280 questionnaires distributed, 253(90.4%) were usable for data analysis. Results showed that information did not increase awareness of consequences(AC) of their actions or ascription of responsibility(AR) for acts and consequences to themselves, and did not directly decrease the quiet time rule-violating behavior. However, it was found that respondents with high ACR(combination of AC and AR) or personal norms less violated the rule. Management implications of these findings were discussed.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• v.22 no.4 s.28
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• pp.506-517
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• 1989

Two hundred and fifty teachers of special school (for the disabled) and 414 elementary school teachers were selected for the targets in order to compare their degrees of fatigue symptoms and to find what kind of ralationship is between subjective symptoms of fatigue and pH is the saliva. It was 30 minutes before their closing hours on April 21th, 1989 that their physical, mental and neuro-sensory symptoms and salivary pH were examined. The test results are summarized as fallows : It is observed that an interrelation between subjective fatigue and pH in their saliva shows a significant relationship between physical and neuro-sensory symptoms in a sense of statistics. The rate of subjective fatigue complained by the special teachers is higher than that by the elementary teachers. In the case of salivary pH, the special teachers' is as a whole lower than the elementary teachers'. The complain rates in each item, checked, of special teachers are generally higher than those of the elementary teachers. It is in the mental symptom related item that there are many sub-items which show significant difference. According to the average of salivary pH based on the degrees of complained symptoms shown in the pH related items, the salivary pH of the group with complained symptoms is lower than that of the group without complained symptoms. In the rate of complaints, by sex, both sexes of the special teachers show high ones, but salivary pH is low. The complain rate of mental symptoms shown by female group from the special teacher Is significantly higher(p<0.05). By age, the group in their thirties from the special teachers show the higher complain rate of mental symptoms (29.3%) and the lower salivary pH (p<0.05) than that (15.1%) of the elementary teachers belonging to the same age catagory. However, the special teachers in their forties show the lower complain rate of physical symptoms that of the elementary teachers (p<0.05). From the viewpoint of their working years, the special teachers below 14 years and elementary teachers above 15 years in their career show high complain rates. Among those who belong to the catagory of 10-14 working years, the special teachers show the higher complain rate of mental symptoms than that of their counterparts. In the case of the salivary pH, the special teachers of all working-year catagories show the higher pH than that of the elementary teachers. But there is not significantly difference. From the viewpoint of sleeping hours in the previous night of the questionaire surveyed, among those who slept for over 7 hours, the special teachers show the higher complain rate of mental symptoms with a significant difference, but the lower salivary pH than that of their counterparts. From the viewpoint of their marital status, existence of disease history, the special teachers show the higher complain rate of subjective fatigue, but the lower salivary pH than that of the elementary teachers respectively. According to the above results, the special teachers generally show the higher complain rate of subjective fatigue, the lower salivary pH, and the higher complain rate of mental symptoms. To prevent the possible accumulation of mental fatigue of the special teachers, ways and means to make use of leisure time, recreational facilities are necessarily provided. Since the degree of fatigue and salivary pH have a correlation to some extent, it is necessary that further continuous studies on the correlation between the degrees of fatigue and salivary pH should be pursued.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.12 no.5
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• pp.2163-2171
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• 2011

This study evaluated the complaint rates of musculoskeletal symptoms and investigated the related factors of musculoskeletal symptoms among nurses in a university hospital. For 249 nurses working at the ward, we used the self-administered questionnaires to examine sociodemographic, health related factors, job-related, subjective musculoskeletal symptoms designed by NIOSH. during the period from Aug. 1st to Aug. 31st, 2010. As a results, one and more of musculoskeletal symptoms was 66.3%, and two and more of that was 45.8%. The complaint rates of musculoskeletal symptoms were 44.2% in the shoulders, 33.7% in the low back, 33.3% in the legs/feet, 29.7% in the neck, 14.9% in the hands/wrists/fingers, 4.8% in the arms/elbows. For the age adjusted odds ratio for the musculoskeletal symptoms of neck, shoulders, low back and legs/feet, the groups who are shift work, staff nurse, who reported that their subjective health status are not good, and whose physical burden of works are hard were increased than their respective counterparts. In conclusion, the complaint rates of musculoskeletal symptoms was differently revealed by variable factors such as sociodemographic, health related factors and job-related factors.

• Journal of Korean Ophthalmic Optics Society
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.125-130
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• 2007

The aim of this work was to study the relationship between subjective symptoms and binocular function during near work in forty one(12-17yr) schoolchildren. CISS symptom survey, amplitude of accommodation, accommodative facility, neagative relative accommodation(NRA)/positive relative accommodation(PRA) near point of convergence(NPC), heterophoria, AC/A ratios were measured. The results of measurement were compared with normal expected value of each test and classified into normal and abnormal group. Accommodative insufficiency was more general than convergence insufficiency and esophoria was greater than exophoria. NRA/PRA showed very high and AC/A ratios were very low compare with normal expected value. The results of CISS was as follows; most frequent symptom was tired, mean score was $16.63{\pm}7.49$, mean number of symptoms were $10.07{\pm}3.04$, and mean number of serious symptoms were $1.98{\pm}2.13$. After classified into 4 groups according to score of symptoms, number of symptoms, and degree of symptoms and then analyze the correlation compare with binocular vision test results. NRA was most correlated with group comparison, accommodative facility was most correlated with score of symptoms, NRA was most correlated with number of symptoms, and near horizontal phorias were most correlated with serious symptoms. NRA showed most correlative relation with near symptoms.

• Journal of Korean Ophthalmic Optics Society
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.99-104
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• 2001

This study surveyed common sense of testing eye vision, feeling of own vision and wearing glasses, and method of wearing glasses using questionnaire for 625 primary student(male 322, female 303) live in Iksan city, Jeon buk Province. The question about the selection of testing vision office answered ophthalmic optics only 12.6% by common sense but 38.8% among testing vision students had been checked the visual acuity in ophthalmic optics. 40% student of all answerer have a poor vision by self-evaluation testing and realized when they look far vision is 46.4% among the poor vision answerer, look black board is 26.0%, look monitor is 18.4%, and reading is 9.9%. 46% answerer of the subjective poor vision who tested eye vision by self-evaluation did not correct eye vision. 48.7% answerer among uncorrect eye vision is because of having no chance to test. The question of effect in wearing glasses answered that the 48% of a1l answerer will be worse the visual acuity, the other is getting better and unchanged eye vision by common sense. The question about how looks like glasses wearer answered that the 45.8% answerer is uncomfortable appearance by common sense. 32.3% answerer of the glasses wearer became a failure wearer because glasses was uncomfortable to fit primary student.

• Journal of dental hygiene science
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• v.14 no.4
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• pp.442-447
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• 2014

The aim of this study was to analyze perception of risk and using status of hand-held dental x-ray unit among dental hygienists in metropolitan area. This research was based on perception of risk and using status of hand-held dental x-ray unit survey in 257 dental hygienists from July 7 to 31, 2014. Data were analyzed with t-test, one way ANOVA, and multivariable logistic regression analysis using SPSS Windows 21.0 program and significance level was set at p<0.05. The hand-held dental x-ray unit to cover all type patients was 24.8%. The 62.6% of patients and 81.3% of operator doesn't wear lead apron, the experience rate of radiation education was 40.1%. The average of risk perception was 3.08 points. The associated factors of risk perception were career, number of radiation exposure per day, and possession of fixed x-ray unit. The increased of accumulated dose when the occupationally exposed work continues, it is necessary to effort of defense against dental radiation.

• Journal of dental hygiene science
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.35-42
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• 2008

This survey was compared and analyzed about the primary factor that dental office's working environment effect on physical subjective symptom and based on self-filling survey, 656 dental hygienists on July through August 2006, and analyzed using descriptive statics, ANOVA and Multiple Regression Analysis. The result of satisfaction degree of hospital working environment was pretty low about office air condition. Most people have complained that office's air quality makes it difficult to their work and mentioned that they were sore and dull all over the back, shoulder, and neck. The odor is major factor to be satisfied with office environment. Proper ventilates the way open the window more often was essential to maintain fresh indoor air quality and keep the extraction materials by separator and sealing tightly for remove the odor. Other factors were temperature, lighting fixture, ventilation facilities, and freshness of air. Dental hygienist was unsatisfied with hospital air condition and this polluted air condition was the cause of physical subjective symptom in work place. Furthermore, this research would be applied for improvement of working environment by decreasing of indoor air pollution.