• The Journal of Korean Association of Computer Education
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.67-75
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• 2007

The purpose of the study is to develop handheld learning tool based on design principles drawn from cognitive load theory. To optimize learner's cognitive load, the learning program should be developed for maximizing the effective load and(or) minimizing ineffective load. The principles, which were applied to developing the learning program, for minimizing the extraneous cognitive load, one of the ineffective loads, are modality, redundancy, split-attention, multimedia, and worked-out example. In this study, we will show possibilities for designing an effective mobile learning program.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.10 no.11
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• pp.323-329
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• 2012

This study examines the anchoring effect and the adjustment process of two variables(verbal information, cognition load) with snack products. In the results of this study, 1) we found the anchoring effect because the respondents predicted more the number of real units(goraebap) on the packaging painted 25 units than 5 ones. 2) We confirmed the moderating effect of verbal information. The difference of the number of real units predicted between the two packaging was decreased when the visual information was in company with verbal information. And 3) the moderating effect of cognitive load appeared because the more cognitive load was, the less the difference of the number of real units predicted was. This study has shown that we can reduce the errors and biases by adjusting the information frame or the cognitive load. This research provides a theoretical-practical implications to the marketing staffs like packaging designers as well as scholars to study consumer psychology.

• Proceedings of the Korea Information Processing Society Conference
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• 2011.11a
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• pp.1067-1070
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• 2011

현재 뇌에 대한 연구는 지속적으로 연구되고 있는 분야 중에 하나이다. 뇌파나 뇌의 활동들을 분석할 수 있는 장비들이 개발되면서 더욱 활발하게 연구되어지고 있다. 기중 뇌의 기능에 대한 연구들도 화발하게 연구되고 있는 분야 중에 하나이다. 뇌의 기능은 보고, 듣고, 말하고, 생각하는 등의 모든 행위들과 연관되어있다. 또한 그러한 기능들은 인지능력이라고 하기도 한다. 인지능력은 인지적, 정신적인 요구가 필요하다. 이러한 것을 인지부하라고 하고, 과도한 인지적, 정신적인 요구는 인지과부하라고 한다. 인지부하에 따라서 인지능력은 영향을 받는다고 할 수 있다. 본 연구에서는 인지부하에 따라서 인지능력이 변화하는 정도를 실험하였다.

• Science of Emotion and Sensibility
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.21-32
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• 2010

This study investigated the effects of contiguity and reading mode on cognitive load factors measured by Galvanic Skin Response(GSR). In this study two experimental conditions were imposed to participants to measure cognitive load with the high contiguity picture and low contiguity picture. Thirty-four college students participated to this experiment(experiment group=17, control group=17), and spilt-plot factorial design was applied to control individual difference in galvanic skin response. Tasks of this experiment were reading and summary. The dependent variables were skin conductance response, and perceived difficulty. The independent variables were the degree of contiguity of visual material(high contiguity vs. low contiguity). The major result of this study was identification of a significant difference of GSR with low contiguity condition. Indeed it was identified that more complex reading condition required more cognitive loads. This finding supported that different cognitive process might require different amounts of cognitive loads. For the further research, this study discussed the validity of applying physiological signals to assess cognitive loads and relationships the associated affective reactions.

• Progress in Medical Physics
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.72-78
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• 2015

Organic solvents are known toxic effects like vertigo, behavioral obstacle, distracting, and peripheral neuropathy in neuron areas. However, there have been few studies how neurotoxic solvents-exposed workers are affected by the cognitive load of preceding working memory tasks. Therefore, we used fMRI as to measure the neural correlates of working memory impairment in occupational workers who had from chronic exposure to organic solvent. Twenty-nine solvent-exposed workers were included in this study. Each participant concluded the verbal N-back tasks (1- and 2-back) during the fMRI acquisition. Within-group analyses showed fronto-parietal networks were active in each condition. Direct comparisons between 1- and 2-back showed higher activation during the 2-back than 1-back. We found that increased activation of these regions at lower task demand is associated with increased cost of implementing.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Cognitive Science Conference
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• 2000.05a
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• pp.93-98
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• 2000

본 연구에서는 멀티미디어 환경에서 인지부하 정도에 따라 학습 수행에 어떤 차이를 보이는지를 알아보고자 하였다. 본 연구에서는 멀티미디어 환경 학습을 함에 있어서 학습 제시 유형이 학습 수행에 영향을 미칠 것으로 보아, 같은 내용을 텍스트로 제시하는 조건, 텍스트와 나레이션으로 제시하는 조건, 애니메이션과 텍스트로 제시하는 조건에서 학습하도록 한 후 학습 수행 정도를 비교하였다. 학습 수행 정도는 학습이 끝난 후 즉시 시행하는 검사와 일 주일 후에 실시한 지연검사로 평가되었다. 그 결과 텍스트로만 제시한 조건의 학습자들이 다른 조건에 비해 즉시 검사와 지연검사 모두 더 높은 수행을 보인 것으로 나타났다. 이 결과는 멀티미디어 환경에서 인지부하를 주는 자극 제시 유형은 학습에 방해를 준다는 것을 보여주며, 이는 멀티미디어로 학습정보를 제시하는 것이 어떠한 경우에서나 늘 좋은 것이 아니라, 학습자 상황과 학습 내용을 충분히 고려해야 하는 것을 시사한다.

• Journal of the Korean School Mathematics Society
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.87-110
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• 2023

This study aimed to proposed repeated reading aloud, which combines repetitive reading and reading aloud, as a method for teaching and learning mathematics. We investigated the effect of repeated reading aloud on students' academic achievement and cognitive load, and explored the implications of repeated reading aloud as a method for teaching and learning mathematics. To this end, we conducted a case study involving repeated reading aloud for two units: the limit of a function and the number of cases. The study targeted four 9th-grade students and four 10th-grade students, analyzing how their academic achievement and cognitive load changed. As a result, the eight students showed positive changes in academic achievement and cognitive load as the repeated reading aloud accumulated. When comparing the units, the academic achievement was lower for the limit of function than the number of cases. In terms of cognitive load, students exhibited higher cognitive load in the unit on the limit of function. When compared cognitive load by grade, there was no significant difference after 3rd repeated reading. However, in both units, the academic achievement of four 10th-grade students was higher than that of four 9th-grade students. Nonetheless, the gap narrowed as the reading aloud was repeated.

• Education of Primary School Mathematics
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.305-319
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• 2017

In the process of finding the triangle height, 26 students in the 6th grade were surveyed to understand the students' triangle height through the eye movement data and to investigate the cognitive load of the students. As a result, the correctness rate of the pre-test was significantly increased in the post-test, and the frequency and retention of gaze data were smaller in the post-test than in the AOI of each question. The Participants's subjective cognitive load indicated that it was more difficult to understand the concept of rotated triangles compared with upright triangles that were parallel to the ground. More frequent and more retentions in the eye-tracking data were detected in the right triangles and acute triangles by rotating configuration. Eye movement data show that eye tracking technology can provide an objective measure of students' cognitive load for feedback on instructional design.

• Journal of the HCI Society of Korea
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.21-29
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• 2019

Take-over requests in semi-autonomous cars must be handled properly in the case of road obstacles or curved roads in order to avoid accidents. In these situations, situation awareness and appropriate decision making are essential for distracted drivers. This study used a driving simulator to investigate the components of auditory-visual information systems that affect safety, workload, and trust. Auditory information consisted of either voice guidance providing situation awareness for the take-over or a beep sound that only alerted the driver. Visual information consisted of either a screen showing how to maneuver the vehicle or only an icon indicating a take-over situation. By providing auditory information that increased situation awareness and visual information that aided decision making, trust and safety increased, while workload decreased. These results suggest that the levels of situation awareness and decision making ability affect trust, safety, and workload for drivers.

• Science of Emotion and Sensibility
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.279-288
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• 2009

The purpose of this study was to verify the impact of cognitive factors and GSR on the task performance. For this study 64 students participated. Multiple regression and repeated measures were applied to analyze the data. The result for the survey indicated that previous knowledge, physical efforts, and task difficulty had significant impacts on task performance. Particularly, task difficulty has a negative impact. This can be interpreted as someone who has high prior knowledge inputs higher physical efforts with low task difficulty perception will show high performance. On the other hand, the low arousal level of GSR in the evaluation stage is a prediction variable of task performance. This result shows that high prior knowledge and low arousal level of GSR produces high performance. However, the analysis of difference in GSR between learning and evaluation stages does not show significant difference. It suggests that physiological measure such as GSR is reliable index of cognitive load; however, it partially represents cognitive load. Other crucial factors should be added for comprehensive measures.