• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• 제32권3B호
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• pp.143-152
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• 2007

In order to provide new value-added services such as a policy-based routing and the quality of services in next generation network, the Internet routers need to classify packets into flows for different treatments, and it is called a packet classification. Since the packet classification should be performed in wire-speed for every packet incoming in several hundred giga-bits per second, the packet classification becomes a bottleneck in the Internet routers. Therefore, high speed packet classification algorithms are required. In this paper, we propose an efficient packet classification architecture based on a hierarchical binary search fee. The proposed architecture hierarchically connects the binary search tree which does not have empty nodes, and hence the proposed architecture reduces the memory requirement and improves the search performance.

• Proceedings of the Korean Information Science Society Conference
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• 한국정보과학회 2003년도 가을 학술발표논문집 Vol.30 No.2 (2)
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• pp.4-6
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• 2003

본 논문에서는 대규모 DNA 시퀀스를 위한 트라이 인덱싱 기법을 기반으로 하는 효율적인 부분 시퀀스 검색 기법을 제시한다. 제안된 인덱싱 방안에서는 저장 공간 감소를 위하여 시퀀스의 각 문자를 최소 비트 정보로 표현하며, 저장 구조로서 포인터를 사용하지 않는 디스크 기반의 이진 접미어 트라이 구조를 사용한다. 질의 처리 방안에서는 포인터가 없는 이진 트라이 구조 상에서 질의 시퀀스를 검색하기 위하여 이진 정보 기반의 연산과정을 필요로 하며, 또한 단말 정보를 효율적으로 검색하기 위하여 별도의 단말정보 테이블과 인덱스 구조를 사용한다. 실험 결과에 의하면 제안된 방식은 기존의 접미어 트리 인덱싱 방식에 비하여 약 30~50%의 저장 공간 감소 효과를 가질 뿐 아니라, 평균 질의 처리 시간에 있어 약 20배까지의 성능 개선 효과를 갖는 것으로 나타났다.

• Proceedings of the Korean Information Science Society Conference
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• 한국정보과학회 2001년도 봄 학술발표논문집 Vol.28 No.1 (B)
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• pp.220-222
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• 2001

최근 데이터베이스의 응용 분야에서는 3차원 그래픽 등과 같은 멀티미디어 데이터를 이용하는 응용분야가 점점 늘어나고 있다. 그러나 아직은 3차원 그래픽에 대한 연구는 시각화 부분에만 집중되어 있고 검색에 대한 연구는 시작 단계에 있다. 본 논문에서 검색의 대상이 되는 assembled 객체는 기본 객체와 사용자 정의 객체로 구성된다. 이와같은 모델링 기법을 이용하여 구축된 3차원 그래픽 데이타베이스 환경에서 공간 분할 이진 트리를 이용한 객체의 모양에 대한 유사성 검색과 3D 스트링을 이용한 공간관계 검색 기법을 제안한다.

• Journal of KIISE:Information Networking
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• 제32권3호
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• pp.427-432
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• 2005

Packet arrival rates in internet routers have been dramatically increased due to the advance of link technologies, and hence wire-speed packet processing in Internet routers becomes more challenging. As IP address lookup is one of the most essential functions for packet processing, algorithm and architectures for efficient IP address lookup have been widely studied. In this paper, we Propose an efficient I address lookup architecture which shows yeW good Performance in search speed while requires a single small-size memory The proposed architecture is based on multi-way tree structure which performs comparisons of multiple prefixes by one memory access. Performance evaluation results show that the proposed architecture requires a 280kByte SRAM to store about 40000 prefix samples and an address lookup is achieved by 5.9 memory accesses in average.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• 제34권4B호
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• pp.403-418
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• 2009

IP version 6 (IPv6) is a new If addressing scheme that has 128-bit address space. IPv6 is proposed to solve the address space problem of IP version 4 (IPv4) which has 32-bit address space. For a given IPv6 routing set, if a forwarding table is built using a trio structure, the trio has a lot more levels than that for IPv4. Hence, for IPv6 address lookup, the binary search on trio levels would be more appropriate and give better search performance than linear search on trio levels. This paper proposes a new IPv6 address lookup algorithm performing binary search on trio levels. The proposed algorithm uses a Bloom filter in pre-filtering levels which do not have matching nodes, and hence it reduces the number of off-chip memory accesses. Simulation has been performed using actual IPv6 routing sets, and the result shows that an IPv6 address lookup can be performed with 1-3 memory accesses in average for a routing data set with 1096 prefixes.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea CI
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• 제43권1호
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• pp.53-66
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• 2006

This paper proposes the combined image retrieval system that gives the same relevance as exhaustive search method while its performance can be considerably improved. This system is combined with two different retrieval methods and each gives the same results that full exhaustive search method does. Both of them are two-stage method. One uses condensation of feature vectors, and the other uses binary-tree clustering. These two methods extract the candidate images that always include correct answers at the first stage, and then filter out the incorrect images at the second stage. Inasmuch as these methods use equal algorithm, they can get the same result as full exhaustive search. The first method condenses the dimension of feature vectors, and it uses these condensed feature vectors to compute similarity of query and images in database. It can be found that there is an optimal condensation ratio which minimizes the overall retrieval time. The optimal ratio is applied to first stage of this method. Binary-tree clustering method, searching with recursive 2-means clustering, classifies each cluster dynamically with the same radius. For preserving relevance, its range of query has to be compensated at first stage. After candidate clusters were selected, final results are retrieved by computing similarities again at second stage. The proposed method is combined with above two methods. Because they are not dependent on each other, combined retrieval system can make a remarkable progress in performance.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics and Information Engineers
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• 제52권6호
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• pp.21-31
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• 2015

The Internet users want to get real-time services for various multi-media applications. Network traffic rate has been rapidly increased, and data amounts that the Internet has to carry have been exponentially increased. A packet is the basic unit in transferring data at the Internet, and packet classification is one of the most challenging functionalities that routers should perform at wire-speed. Among various known packet classification algorithms, area-based quad-trie (AQT) algorithm is one of the efficient algorithms which can lookup five header fields simultaneously. As a representative space decomposition algorithm, the AQT requires a small amount of memory in storing classification rules, but it does not provide high-speed classification performance. In this paper, we propose a new packet classification algorithm by applying a binary search for the codewords of the AQT to overcome the issue of the AQT. Throughout simulation, it is shown that the proposed algorithm provides a better performance than the AQT in the number of rule comparisons with each input packet.

• The KIPS Transactions:PartD
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• 제12D권4호
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• pp.543-552
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• 2005

As random access memory chip gets cheaper, it becomes affordable to realize main memory-based database systems. The disk-based spatial indexing techniques, however, cannot direct apply to main memory databases, because the main purpose of disk-based techniques is to reduce the number of disk accesses. In main memory-based indexing techniques, the node access time is much faster than that in disk-based indexing techniques, because all index nodes reside in a main memory. Unlike disk-based index techniques, main memory-based spatial indexing techniques must reduce key comparing time as well as node access time. In this paper, we propose an efficient spatial index structure for main memory-based databases, called Tmr-tree. Tmr-tree integrates the characteristics of R-tree and T-tree. Therefore, Nodes of Tmr-tree consist of several entries for data objects, main memory pointers to left and right child, and three additional fields. First is a MBR of a self node, which tightly encloses all data MBRs (Minimum Bounding Rectangles) in a current node, and second and third are MBRs of left and right sub-tree, respectively. Because Tmr-tree needs not to visit all leaf nodes, in terms of search time, proposed Tmr-tree outperforms R-tree in our experiments. As node size is increased, search time is drastically decreased followed by a gradual increase. However, in terms of insertion time, the performance of Tmr-tree was slightly lower than R-tree.

• Proceedings of the Korean Information Science Society Conference
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• 한국정보과학회 2008년도 한국컴퓨터종합학술대회논문집 Vol.35 No.1 (C)
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• pp.1-6
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• 2008

일반적으로 연속 데이터 스트림을 모니터링하는 응용은 다수의 범위 질의를 포함한다. 이러한 다수의 범위 질의는 술어 색인을 이용해 효율적으로 처리할 수 있다. IBS-tree는 연속 데이터 스트림 상에서 효과적으로 이용될 수 있는 술어 색인 기법 중 하나이다. 그러나 IBS-tree는 모든 노드에서 등호 검사와 부등호 검사를 함께 실시하며, 이는 검색 성능의 저하로 이어질 수 있다. 본 논문에서는 등호 검사와 부등호 검사를 분리하여 수행함으로써 검색 성능을 향상시키는 술어 색인 방법을 제안한다. 제안하는 방법은 등호 검사를 위해 해싱을 이용하고, 부등호 검사에는 균형 이진 검색 트리를 이용한다. 본 논문에서는 실험을 통해 IBS-tree와 제안하는 방법의 검색 성능을 비교하였으며, 실험 결과로부터 제안하는 방법의 성능이 더욱 우수한 것을 확인하였다.

• Journal of KIISE:Databases
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• 제34권2호
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• pp.119-132
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• 2007

In molecular biology, approximate subsequence search is one of the most important operations. In this paper, we propose an accurate and efficient method for approximate subsequence search in large DNA databases. The proposed method basically adopts a binary trie as its primary structure and stores all the window subsequences extracted from a DNA sequence. For approximate subsequence search, it traverses the binary trie in a breadth-first fashion and retrieves all the matched subsequences from the traversed path within the trie by a dynamic programming technique. However, the proposed method stores only window subsequences of the pre-determined length, and thus suffers from large post-processing time in case of long query sequences. To overcome this problem, we divide a query sequence into shorter pieces, perform searching for those subsequences, and then merge their results. To verify the superiority of the proposed method, we conducted performance evaluation via a series of experiments. The results reveal that the proposed method, which requires smaller storage space, achieves 4 to 17 times improvement in performance over the suffix tree based method. Even when the length of a query sequence is large, our method is more than an order of magnitude faster than the suffix tree based method and the Smith-Waterman algorithm.