• 한국연소학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국연소학회 제26회 KOSCO SYMPOSIUM 논문집
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• pp.179-188
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• 2003

The spray characteristics of dual orifice injector were investigated under two different fuels through measurement of SMD, number density and volume flux by using PDPA system. In this experiment, we found out that the droplet size and spray structure are strongly depend on fuel density and viscosity.

• 한국분무공학회지
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• 제6권1호
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• pp.25-34
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• 2001

Several efforts to meet the exhaust gas regulation have been undertaken by many researchers in recent years. Main researches are on development of design techniques of intake port and combustion chamber, atomisation of fuel and precise control of air-fuel ratio, post-treatment of exhaust gas and so on. Engine technology is changed from PFI to GDI to correspond with exhaust gas regulation. GDI technique makes it possible to preserve lean air-fuel ratio and control accurate air-fuel ratio. Nevertheless, It is not cleared that information of spray characteristics and atomization process are very dependent on fluctuation of pressure and change of temperature in intake stroke. In this study, a constant volume combustion chamber is manufactured to investigate various fluctuations of in-cylinder pressure for injection duration. It is taken photographs of injection process of conventional GDI injector using PMAS. Then, it was verified experimently that ambient conditions as temperature and pressure of combustion chamber have effects on process of spray growth and atomization of fuel.

• 한국항공우주학회지
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• 제43권10호
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• pp.868-874
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• 2015

가변추력은 대기가 없는 행성에 착륙하거나, 우주공간에서의 도킹에 필수적인 것으로 알려져 있다. 추력을 조절하기 위해 질유량 조절이 가능한 분사기를 사용하는 방법이 대표적으로 알려져 있다. 이에 따라 본 연구에서는 추력조절을 위하여 이중매니폴드 분사기를 사용하여 질유량을 조절하였다. 이중매니폴드 분사기의 주요 변수 중 하나로 판단되는 접선방향 유입구의 개수의 변화에 따른 분사특성을 확인하기 위하여 분무각, 분무패턴을 포함하는 외부유동을 측정하였으며 내부유동 특성 파악을 위한 film thickness를 확인하였다.

• 대한기계학회논문집
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• 제18권3호
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• pp.635-644
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• 1994

This study investigated mainly on the flow characteristics of a droplet in the cross region of twin spray. The velocities of the droplet were measured along the axial and radial direction, and the flow characteristics of the droplet were statistically analyzed. For the statistical analysis, the probability density of the turbulent components has been studied, and then the Reynolds shear stress, the skewness and the flatness factors were calculated, and compared with the Gaussian value. Two pressure swirl stomizers were used for the twin spray system and kerosene was employed as the working liquid. 2-D PDA(particle dynamic analyzer) was used for the purpose of the measurement of droplet size and velocities. As a result, it was found that (1) the droplets collision was taken place strongly in the cross region. So, a large momentum loss of droplets due to the loss of natural movement direction was occurred, and momentum loss of radial direction was greater than that of axial direction. (2) The axial direction skewness factor approached to zero like the Gaussian distribution in the cross region of twin spray. (3) In the cross region of twin spray, the fluctuation instability of droplet was increased because of the development of the turbulence characteristics due to the droplet collision.

• 한국분무공학회지
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• 제13권3호
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• pp.126-133
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• 2008

The atomization characteristics of the dual air supplying two-fluid nozzle were investigated experimentally using PIV and PDA systems. The twin-fluid nozzle is composed of three main parts: the feeding injector to supply fluid that is controlled by a PWM (pulse-width modulation) mode, the adaptor as a device with the ports for supplying the carrier and assist air, and the main nozzle to produce sprays. The main nozzle has the swirler with four equally spaced tangential slots, which gives the injecting fluid an angular momentum. The swirl angle in the swirler varied with $0^{\circ}$, $30^{\circ}$, $60^{\circ}$ and $90^{\circ}$. The ratios of carrier air to assist air and ALR (total air to liquid) were 0.55 and 1.23, respectively. The macroscopic behavior of the spray was investigated using PIV system, and the AMD and SMD distributions of the sprays were measured using PDA system. As a result, the SMD distribution increases along the radial distance, and it decreases with the increase of swirl angle in swirler.

• 한국분무공학회지
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• 제24권4호
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• pp.163-170
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• 2019

In this study, feedback logic using dual O₂ sensor values were developed to increase the purification capability of a three-way catalyst (TWC) in a compressed natural gas (CNG) engine. A heavy-duty inline 6-cylinder engine was used and the CNG was supplied to the engine through a mixer. This study consists of two main parts, namely, the proportional integral (PI) control with a front O₂ sensor and the feedback control with dual O₂ sensors. In the PI control experiment, effects of various parameters, such as P gain, I gain, and lean delay, on the TWC capability were identified. Based on the results of the PI control experiment, the feedback logic using dual O₂ sensor values were developed. In both cases, the nitrogen oxides (NO_X) emissions were nearly zero. However, the carbon monoxide (CO) emissions were reduced significant in the feedback logic with dual O₂ sensors than in the PI control with the front O₂ sensor.

• 한국가시화정보학회지
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• 제8권4호
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• pp.60-65
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• 2010

A focus is given to the breakup behavior of spray droplets issuing from a nonimpinging-type injector. The analysis has been carried out experimentally by means of the dual-mode phase Doppler anemometry (DPDA). Spray characteristic parameters in terms of axial velocity, mean diameter, velocity fluctuation, and span (width of the size distribution) of droplets are measured down the geometric axis of a nozzle orifice and on the plane normal to the spray stream with the injection pressure variations. As the injection pressure increases, the velocity and its fluctuation become higher, whereas the droplet sizes get smaller. It is also shown that the magnitudes of those parameters are smoothed out by dispersion when the droplets move downstream as well as outwardly. The atomization process is significantly influenced by the injection pressure rather than the traveling distance in the experimental condition presented.

• 대한기계학회논문집B
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• 제28권11호
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• pp.1459-1466
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• 2004

The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of swirler angle and the aspect ratio of swirl chamber of nozzle on the characteristics of single and twin spray. The characteristics of sprays have been investigated by measuring the spray angle, droplet size and velocity. Visualization of spray was conducted to obtain the spray angle and breakup process. The spray characteristics such as droplet size and velocity were measured by Phase Doppler Anemometry(PDA). It was found that the spray angle was increased with increasing the swirler angle. For both sprays, the axial velocity and SMD were decreased with increasing the swirler angle. It was also shown that the axial velocity and SMD were decreased with increasing the aspect ratio of swirl chamber, but for the twin spray, the axial velocity and SMD were not influenced significantly by the changing the aspect ratio of swirl chamber. The effect of swirler angle on the spray characteristics was greater than the aspect ratio of swirl chamber for single spray. The nozzle pitch was one of the important factors affecting the spray characteristics of twin spray.

• 한국화재소방학회논문지
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• 제29권5호
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• pp.29-33
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• 2015

본 연구에서는 노즐의 형상변화에 따라서 방사유량, 살수분포 그리고 액적크기를 측정하였다. 이를 위해서 중심부 직경이 6.0 mm이고 반지름 방향 방사각도가 $142^{\circ}$와 $148^{\circ}$인 이중 구조의 미세 물분무 노즐(LPN142, LPN148) 형상을 제작하여 UL2167 시험규격에 의해서 살수분포와 분사거리의 관계를 정량화하였다. Hellium-Neon 레이져에 의한 광학적 분석 방법을 적용하여 방사유량 변화에 따라서 웨버 수와 액적 크기 그리고 방사각도에 관한 경험식을 구하였으며, 전달 방정식의 주요인자인 소멸 항과 액적크기의 상관관계를 분석하였다. 그 결과 이중 구조의 미세 물분무 노즐은 최소허용 유량범위가 결정된 경우 작동압력, 분사거리, 액적 직경을 예측하여 화재특성을 분석함으로써 노즐 선정이 가능할 것으로 사료된다.

• 한국추진공학회지
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• 제3권1호
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• pp.9-14
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• 1999

작동조건이 두개의 공기충돌형 연료분사장치로부터 분사되는 이중분무 특성에 미치는 영향을 공연비 1.36∼3.54의 범위에서 실험적으로 수행하였다. 물과 질소가스가 실험유체로서 사용되었다. 분무 액적의 분포특성은 질량분포와 순간영상 촬영법에 의하여 측정되었다. 실험적 결과는 ROA(축방향에 대한 반경방향 공급압력비)의 증가에 따라 질량분포곡선의 최대값은 낮아지면서 더 넓은 영역에 걸쳐 분포하였으며 공급유체의 증가에 따른 질량중심점의 위치는 변화가 없었다. 노즐간격 증가는 간섭영역에서의 질량분포에는 커다란 영향을 미치지는 않았으나 더 넓은 영역에 걸쳐 분포하려는 특성을 보여주었다. 또한, ROA 비가 증가할수록 충돌중심점 근처에서 간섭의 영향은 작아짐을 중첩법을 이용하여 비교함으로서 잘 알 수 있었다.