• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers Conference
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• 1999.05a
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• pp.41-44
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• 1999

Displacement current was generated in the pressure stimulus and light stimulus. Solution of azobenzene molecules (8A5H) have to character trans-to-cis. Pressure stimulus generate in the pressure and current. light stimulus generate in the displasement current. The Maxwell displacement current measuring technique has been applied for the investigation of azobenzene organic thin films under alternating photoirradiation with ultraviolet(360nm) and visible (450nm) light. The displacement current was generated due to the trans-to-cis photoisomerization by irradiation with ultraviolet light(λ$_1$=360 nm) Whereas the displacement current was generated in the opposite direction due to the cis-to-trans photoisomerization by irradiation with visible light(λ$_2$=450nm). As result, To show twice reaction certainly phase transition in pressure. A first range generated from 24$\AA$$^2$ to 29$\AA$$^2$and second range generated from 20$\AA$$^2$to 24$\AA$$^2$. Also, cetainfy stimulus apper low pressure and high pressure in photoirradiation. To see different every moment phase transition.

• Journal of the Korean Magnetics Society
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• v.2 no.2
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• pp.132-139
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• 1992

We have designed a magnetic field gradient useful for cylindrical imaging in NMR-CT. The direc¬tion of the designed field is parallel to the axis and the gradient in the radial direction of cylindrical coordinate is monotonically increasing. The ratio of the gradient in the radial and axial direction is greater than 10 near the center of coordinate. This ratio depends on solenoid length, the number of reverse current turns at center, and the amount of the reverse current. We built a gradient coil based on the numerical simulation and tested the field generated by NMR-CT. The resulting image matches with the theoretical expectation within 10% error. Since the data acquisition time of 1-D imaging is significantly shorter than 2-D imaging, it becomes possible to image much more dynamic objects by the use of this gradient field.

• The Journal of Korean Obstetrics and Gynecology
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.242-249
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• 2005

Purpose : The purpose of this paper is to report the effect of oriental medicine to primary infertility caused by uterus unicornis. Methods : The patient in this case, 30 years-old female was treated with herb medication(Sosihotang, Gyejibokryeonghwan) for one month. Before oriental treatment, she had been diagnosed as primary infertility caused by uterus unicornis in Samsung Cheil Hospital and treated medication and injection for IUI(intrauterine insemination) in 2 times. But she had failed in gestation. Results : After taking herb medication she became pregnant. Conclusion : According to this result, we concluded that herb medication could improve fertility rate. After this paper, further study and clinical approach based on oriental medicine will be needed about infertility caused by uterus unicornis.

• The Transactions of The Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers
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• v.58 no.5
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• pp.1004-1009
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• 2009

Recently, mass spectrometers are widely used for in-situ chemical analysis. It has rapid response and high sensitivity. In this paper, we present the fabrication and test of a cold cathode emitter for micro mass spectrometer using CNTs(Carbon nano tubes). The CNTs have good mechanical, electrical and chemical characteristics. So they have a long life time and strong robustness. The micro mass spectrometer is composed of the glass substrate and the silicon substrate. The glass substrate is constructed by electrodes for TOF(Time-of-flight) which analyze an ion with mass to charge ratio as ion separator. The silicon substrate is highly doped wafer which is patterned for gate electrode and then 100 11m dry etching to grow the CNTs as the electron emitter. The CNTs are grown by HFCVD(Hot filament chemical vapor deposition) with sputtering the catalyst. We successfully attained to grow the CNTs and to test the characteristics.

• The Transactions of The Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers
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• v.61 no.7
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• pp.1001-1006
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• 2012

This paper presents a carbon nanotube (CNT) triode-structure field emitter as an ion source in a micro time-of-flight mass spectrometer(TOF-MS). In the ion source by field emission, the electrons emitted from cathodes under an electric field accelerated to the anode and ionize gas molecules by impact before arriving the anode. The generated positive ions are to be accelerated to the ion collector. Whereas most of ions are drawn to the cathodes in diode field emitters, a grid in the triode field emitter prevents the ions from being drawn to the cathodes. The triode field emitter is fabricated by micromachining. The cathode is composed of six CNT cylinders. The total size of the fabricated device is $8.0{\times}7.3{\times}1.9mm^3$. The anode and the grid current of the fabricated CNT field emitter were measured for various anode and grid voltages. When the anode and the grid voltages are 1000 V and 990 V, respectively, the emission current passing through the ionization region is 8.6 ${\mu}A$, which is a sufficient emission current for ionization and mass spectrometry.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• v.33 no.2
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• pp.101-106
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• 1995

Soluble protein of purified Pneumocvstis cnrinii was prepared from experimentally infected rats. SDS-PAGE of the crude antigen resolved about 20 protein bands from 20 to 200 kDa. Out of thenl, 116 kDa band strongly reacted and 45-55 and 100 kDa bands reacted weakly to the positive reference human serum from U.S.A. Western blot analysis with sera of 130 normal children and 15 newborns in Korea revealed specific IgG antibody reaction to 40-55 and 116 kDa protein bands. Forty percent (40.0%) of the 145 sera were positive with any of the antigenic protein bands of R corinii. The positive rate was 56% in 50 males and 33.3% in 48 females. The protein bands 40-55 and 116 kDa from rat P. carinii were confirmed to cross-react with human sera in Korea.

• Journal of Biomedical Engineering Research
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.159-165
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• 2003

We developed a 37-channel magnetoencephalogram (MEG) measurement system based on low-noise superconducting quantum interference device (SQUID) magnetometets, and operated the system to measure MEG signals. By using double relaxation oscillation SQUIDs with high flux-4o-voltage transfers, the SQUID outputs could be measured directly by room temperature preamplifiers and compact readout circuits were used for SQUID operation. The average field noise level of the magnetometers is about 3 fT/√Hz in the white region, low enough for MEG measurements when operated inside a magnetically shielded room. The 37 magnetometers were distributed on a hemispherical surface haying a radius of 125 mm. In addition to the 37 sensing channels. 11 reference channels were installed to pickup external noise and to form software gradiometers. A low-noise liquid helium dewar was fabricated with a liquid capacity of 30 L and boil-off rate of 4 L/d. The signal processing software consists of digital filtering, software gradiometer, isofield mapping and source localization. By using the developed system, we measured auditory-evoked fields and localized the current dipoles, demonstrating the effectiveness of the system.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Electromagnetic Engineering and Science
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• v.21 no.12
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• pp.1401-1411
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• 2010

In this paper, we suggested the tolerance limits of FAR(Fully Anechoic Room) using correlation factor between OATS(Open area Test Site) to measure EMI(Electromagnetic Interference) and FAR to measure EMS(Electromagnetic Susceptibility). FAR Project(SMT4-CT96-2133), CISPR/A/665/DTR, and CISPR A/665/DTR documents are analyzed and theoretical correlation factor based on the documents and theoretical equations is drawn. To obtain the experimental correlation factor, EUT(Equipment Under Test) is fabricated as well as measured at the 10 m distance OATS and in the 3 m distance FAR. Also, to suggest the tolerance limits of EUT with multi sources, radiation theory for electric and magnetic dipoles is programmed. We drew the correlation factor for EUT with multi sources through the programs. As the tolerance limits of FAR is newly defined, It can be used alternative test site for OATS to measure EMI, efficiently.

• Journal of the Korean Recycled Construction Resources Institute
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• v.10 no.4
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• pp.376-385
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• 2022

The embedded demountable shear connector was developed in preparation for replacement works due to deterioration and damage to the bridge panel of the PSC girder bridge which is a road infrastructure directly related to the safety and convenience of the people. The demountable shear connector minimizes crushing works in the demolition process of the panel, and it is easy to re-construct the shear connector for replacement work. The economic feasibility of the PSC girder bridge using the embedded demountable shear connector compared to the existing construction method was analyzed from the perspective of road users (people) by calculating and comparing the cost of road users caused by traffic blocking during each construction method.

• Journal of agricultural medicine and community health
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• v.34 no.1
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• pp.24-33
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• 2009

Objectives: In September 2008, an outbreak of diarrhea occurred among students attending Y school in Yeongcheon-si. Shigella sonnei was cultured from some of the rectal swabs. An epidemiological investigation was carried out to determine the source of the infection and the mode of transmission of the shigellosis outbreak. Methods: The index case lived in the D rehabilitation facility in Gyeongsan-si and an additional epidemiological investigation was carried out there. The cases could not be questioned due to their mental handicaps. The teachers were interviewed instead. A patient case was defined as a resident with diarrhea more than one time a day from September 18 to September 26, 2008 or a resident with confirmed Shigella sonnei at the Y school or the D rehabilitation facility. Results: The attack rate was 1.2% (8 persons) among 659 persons in the Y school and D rehabilitation facility. Five persons were microbiologically confirmed to have the infection and three persons were diagnosed on the basis of symptoms. Shigella sonnei was cultured from five of the 659 rectal swabs. However, 80 environmental specimens including drinking water, preserved foods, and cooking utensils were negative. All eight patients were Y school students and had been living in group boarding and lodging. Six of them lived in the D rehabilitation facility and two lived in the dormitory at the Y school. Five cases showed pulsed-field gel electrophoresis patterns that were identical for Shigella sonnei. Conclusions: The results of this study showed that the infection source of the shigellosis outbreak, in the two places, were identical. It is likely that the infections initially spread from a teacher or volunteer and then among the students.