• Journal of the Korean Institute of Traditional Landscape Architecture
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• v.36 no.3
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• pp.149-159
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• 2018

The study is aimed at establishing basic data to identify the original forms of the garden in Unbo's House. Through interviews and related data comparison analysis the ideas and major events of the person involved in establishing a garden in Unbo's House. Also, derived the direct and indirect effects of these people on gardening. The results are as follows: First, Those directly related to garden in Unbo's House are representative figures of cultural heritage and traditional art in Korea. Based on their expertise and abundant experience in traditional spaces, they contributed greatly to the creation of Unbo's House as a traditional space. Unbo Kim, Gi-Chang who directly influenced Unbo's House gardening, which affected the site selection, location, and the installation of major garden plant plants and traditional landscaping facilities. Hyegok Choi, Soon-Woo recommended Wabon Kim, Dong-Hyun at the request of Kim Ki-Chang and was involved in the overall plan. Housing design, space design and design of major facilities such as pond were confirmed Wabon Kim Dong-Hyun. Second, Kim, Gi-Chang's wife Jeong, Rae-Hyun, who motived to construct a garden. Nosan Lee, Eun-Sang and Korean artist Lee, Seok-Ho were created a signboard and board of the Pillar to encourage simple life in paintings. The themes of the article motived image as creative. In addition, Kim, Hyeong-Sik and Kim, Wan who son of Unbo, has been with Unbo for a long time, watching and influencing garden changes in Unbo's House. Third, The main factors that influenced the garden by character are as follows. Unbo Kim, Ki-Chang had a thorough record-setting spirit and his longing for his mother and wife affected the selection of the site and setting the direction of the garden. His art world with the symbolic emphasis of traditional landscapes, including traditional facilities, and especially plant materials. Choi, Sun-Woo reflected his traditional consciousness and experience in the construction of Unbo's House. Kim, Dong-Hyun applied the basic framework of a traditional building based on Yeonkyongdang hall in Changdeokgung palace. He also reflected on the traditional landscaping design the facilities of ponds acquired through excavation of Donggung Palace and Wolji Pond, Gyeongju. Nosan Lee, Eun-Sang and Lee, Seok-Ho completed their unique place in Unbo's House. Kim, Hyung-Sik was involved in the process of changing, while Kim Wan ran the Unbo's House which he inherited from Kim, Ki-Chang.

• The Journal of Korean Society for Radiation Therapy
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.14-22
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• 2001

Purpose: The aim of this study is to investigate geometrical and volumetrical changes of liver due to breathing and its impact to NTCP. In order to attain better treatment results it should be considered deliberately during planning session. Mehtods and Materials : Seven patients were examined in this study who have done TACE for accurate tumor margin drawing. After contrast media injection, C-T scan data were obtained in supine position during breathing free, inhalation and exhalation, respectively. For all patients C-T scan were done with same scanning parameters- 5 mm index, 5 mm thickness and pitch 1. Based on C-T data we have measured differences of each variables between breathing status such as changes of total and remained liver volumes, GTV, beam path length and superior to inferior shift. NTCP were calculated using Lyman's effective volume DVH reduction scheme and for this NTCP calculation, the V50 was computed from DVH and each m, n value were referred from Burmans data. Results : The measured total tilter volume and the remained liver volume changed between inspiration and expiration about $1.2-7.7\%(mean+2.7\%)$ and $2.5-13.23\%(mean=5.8\%)$ respectively, and these results were statistically significant(p>0.1). The GTV difference in each patient varied widely from $1.17\%\;to\;30.69\%$, but this result was not statistically significant. Depending on the breathing status, the beam path length was changed from 0.5 cm to 1.1 cm with the average of 0.7 cm, and it was statistically significant(p=0.006). The measured superior to inferior shifts were ranged from 0.5 cm to 3.74 cm. The NTCPs were changed relatively small in each patient, but the variation was large between the patients. The mean NTCP difference was $10.5\%$, with the variation ranged from $7\%\;to\;23.5\%$. Conclusion : Variations of liver volume and of beam path length were changed significantly depending on the breathing statues and the range of variation itself was very different between the patients. Since this variance could seriously affect the clinical outcomes of radiation treatments, the breathing of patients need to be accounted when a final treatment planning is derided.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
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• v.10 no.4
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• pp.70-82
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• 2007

Aiming at nature's early restoring needs to select plant species harmonizing with surrounding environment that fits to restoring goal of ultimately aiming at woody plants dominant vegetation that protect and stabilize surface parts of bared slopes. And it is important to make it assimilated with surrounding natural vegetation by differentiating planning of seed mixtures. Natural Ecological Restoring Construction Methods (JSB Method) was developed to increase the effect of landscape change according to seasons not to simple hydro-seeding by reducing rate of foreign grasses while raising rate of wild flower using. It was considered that using wild flowers that bloom on each season solved the problems of slope landscapes that looks artificial and uninteresting. After researching environmental condition of the slopes, JSB Method has shown that, as of wet-type method, soil is relatively soft and the difference of thickness of plant base soil media affects on the difference of soil hardness. In case of soil hardness of 8.8~17mm, there's dangerousness of slope's collapsing, but it has shown that growth of plant was favorable. For the acidity of soil, most of them are in the type of neutralized soil of more than pH 6. And after analyzing the degree of woody plants dominance, it had shown that lower part was occupied with wild flowers and other herbaceous species like China pin, golden phesant mum, pitcher plant, and middle and upper part was occupied with woody plants like silk-tree, sumac forming multi-layer structure. It can be concluded that the restoration objects of the woody plant vegetation on the roadside slopes can be accomplished successfully by Natural Ecological Restoring Construction Method (JSB method).

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea SD
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• v.46 no.8
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• pp.95-101
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• 2009

Random numbers are used in many sorts of applications. Some applications, like simple software simulation tests, communication protocol verifications, cryptography verification and so forth, need various levels of randomness with various process speeds. In this paper, we propose a fast pseudorandom generator module for embedded systems. The generator module is implemented in hardware which can run in two modes, one of which can generate random numbers with higher randomness but which requires six cycles, the other providing its result within one cycle but with less randomness. An ASIP (Application Specific Instruction set Processor) was designed to implement the proposed pseudorandom generator instruction sets. We designed a processor based on the MIPS architecture,, by using LISA, and have run statistical tests passing the sequence of the Diehard test suite. The HDL models of the processor were generated using CoWare's Processor Designer and synthesized into the Dong-bu 0.18um CMOS cell library using the Synopsys Design Compiler. With the proposed pseudorandom generator module, random number generation performance was 239% faster than software model, but the area increased only 2.0% of the proposed ASIP.

• Ocean and Polar Research
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• v.42 no.2
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• pp.115-131
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• 2020

The effective range of surface current data observed by high-frequency radar (HFR) operated in the northern coastal area of Jeju Island by Korea Institute of Ocean Science and Technology was estimated and the distribution and variability of the M₂ tidal current of the Jeju Strait was analyzed. To evaluate the HFR data, the M₂ tidal current corrected from 25 hours current data observed by the Korea Hydrographic and Oceanographic Agency (KHOA) was compared with the M₂ tidal current in the Jeju Strait analyzed from the surface currents of HFR. The reliability of HFR data was confirmed by analyzing the characteristics of the tide components of these two data sets, and the effective range of HFR data was estimated through temporal and spatial analysis. The observation periods of HFR used in the analysis were from 2012 to 2014, and it was confirmed that there is a difference in the effective range of HFR data according to the observation time. During the analysis periods, the difference between the M₂ current ellipses from the data of KHOA and the HFR was greater in the eastern than in the western part of the Jeju Strait, and represented a high reliability in the western and central parts of the Jeju Strait. The tidal current of the Jeju Strait analyzed using the HFR data revealed a seasonal variability a relatively weak in summer and a strong in winter, about a 17% fluctuations between the summer and winter based on the length of the semi-major axis of tidal ellipse. Appraisals and results of regarding the characteristics and seasonal variability of the M₂ tidal current in the Jeju Strait using HFR data have not been previously reported, so the results of this study are considered meaningful.

• Korean Journal of Ichthyology
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• v.29 no.3
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• pp.176-189
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• 2017

Age estimation and sexual dimorphism of Coreoleuciscus splendidus were estimated using otolith, length-frequency distribution and 23 morphological measurements, from 245 individuals collected from September 2016, February and April 2017 in the Gapyeong stream, Han River, Korea. Result of age estimation of C. splendidus, we most examined were 2, 3 and 4-age, and the maximum observed ages were 5-age. Nine out of twenty-three morphometric measurements were significantly different between the genders. Anal fin have showing major sexual dimorphism in particular between adult individuals. This sexual dimorphism was based on extension of anal fin soft rays of male individuals. Therefore anal fin of males is always longer and wider than females. During spawning season male individuals possess nuptial tubercles on anal fin rays. However, another measurements and morphological characters does not exhibit sexual dimorphism in the between male and female individuals. The sexual dimorphism was observed to only over 2-years old individuals with sexual maturity. But juvenile and 1-years old individuals do not have sexual dimorphism with sexual maturity. Peak season of spawning was April to May and they start first spawning at 2-age. The ages at major spawning groups were most 3-age, and they maximum GSI index was 14.91 (female), 8.96 (male) at 5-age, respectively.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Grassland and Forage Science
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• v.38 no.2
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• pp.112-119
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• 2018

This study aimed to determine the optimal harvesting time for wheat to make grain silage, in Honam region of Korea. We harvested wheat grain every third day from 30 to 42 days after heading (DAH). The moisture content decreased from 61.6% at 30 DAH to 42.8% at 42 DAH. Yield of wheat grain significantly increased from 30 to 42 DAH (p< 0.05). Yield at 39 DAH (3.46T/ha) was not significantly different from that at 42 DAH (p< 0.05). With respect to the feed value of wheat grain silage, the amount of crude protein, crude fiber, and crude ash was different by harvesting time (p< 0.05). However, the amount of total digestible nutrients (TDN) from 30 and 42 DAH was not significantly different. The pH of wheat grain silage from 30 to 42 DAH was between 3.8 and 4.5 and it was stable until 39 DAH (p< 0.05). The lactic acid content of wheat grain silage from 30 to 42 DAH decreased from 3.08% to 1.10%. With respect to moisture content, yield, feed value, and fermentation, the optimal harvesting time for wheat grain silage was 39 DAH.

• Korean Journal of Optics and Photonics
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.1-5
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• 2009

Recently, much research has been done for to realizeing nano-scale photonic circuits based on photonic crystal, plasmonics and silicon photonics in order to overcome fundamental limits of electronic circuits. These limits include such as bottleneck of speed, and size that cannot be reduced. Even though several kinds of coupling schemes have been reported, coupling structures are still large when it is compared with the nano-scale optical circuit. In this paper, we proposed using a very thin Fresnel lens while shortening the focal length of the Fresnel lens as much as possible. We proposed, for the first time, to utilize metal slits that are able to use the optical coupling system between a nano-scale optical circuit and the standard single mode optical fiber for overcoming the limitation of focal length shortening of the Fresnel lens. Comparative study has been carried out with a FDTD simulation between normal and metal slit assisted Fresnel lens. From the result of simulation, we can achieve 65% coupling efficiency for the metal-slit Fresnel lens when the focal length of metal-slit Fresnel lens is just $4{\mu}m$. On the other hand, the coupling efficiency of the normal Fresnel lens is about 43%.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.40 no.2
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• pp.255-259
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• 1995

Improvement in potential Crop yield could be achieved through either the improve-ment of source potential or sink capacity, but preferably both simultaneously. The field experiment was performed to evaluate the genotypic difference in partitioning of dry matter into each plant part in response to photosynthetic manipulation as well as to assess whether the soybean yield is source or sink-limited. Four soybean genotypes, which were 'Baekunkong', 'Suwon 168', and two local soy-beans with black seed coat(hereafter referred to as the 'black soybean', 'Kangleungjarae' and 'Keumleungjarae', were grown in four different environments in which one or two layers of shading net during grain filling and two different planting densities(55,000 and 110,000 plants $ha^{-1}$) were applied to manipulate photosynthesis. Significant effects of genotype (G), photosynthetic manipulation(P), and$G^p$P were shown in top and grain dry weight. Relative grain to top dry weight was the lowest in soybean plants grown at 110,000 plants$ha^{-1}$and covered with two layers of shading net during grain filling, Evaluation of dynamic changes in shoot harvest index in response to photosynthetic manipulation treatments revealed that sink was more limited in local black soybeans than Suwon 168 and Baekunkong, indicating that the availability of photosynthate during grain filling did not limit the grain yield in local black soybeans when compared to Baekunkong and Suwon 168.oybeans when compared to Baekunkong and Suwon 168.

• Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.165-170
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• 1991

Effects of liming and starch application on the soil pH and mineralization of organic nitrogen were compared to control at $30+/10^{\circ}C$ incubation for six weeks in two soil types(loam, sandy loam) adjusted with 80% of field moisture capacity. 1. While soil pH was increased abruptyl one week after incubation in loam applied with lime and lime+starch, it tended to decrease at control during incubation period. Liming on sandy loam increased soil pH, and application of lime+starch together showed high pH at first week of incubation which was lowered slowly after wards. Significant changes in soil pH was not detected at control or starch application only. 2. The content of $NH_3-N$ in loam started to increse three weeks after incubation, and was maximized at fifth week. Positive correlation was shown at control during incubation period between soil pH and $NO_3-N$ content. Level of $NO_3-N$ content applied with starch or lime+starch was low compared to control. 3. The $NH_4-N$ content was high when sandy loam was applied with lime+starch together. At the first week of incubation, the $NO_3-N$ content was high at control or lime application.