• Korean journal of applied entomology
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• v.35 no.3
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• pp.243-248
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• 1996

This study was conducted to select the acaricides selective to H. axyridis and examine the effects on phytophagous mites and natural enemies after application of selected acaricides in the apple orchard. All the acaricides tested were more toxic to T. urticae and P. ulmi than to H. axyridis, and also were more toxic to egg than to the larva and adult of H. myridis. Azocyclotin and fenpropathrin were the highest and lowest selective acaricides to H. axyridk, respectively. The density of phytophagous mites was high affected by frequency of acaricide application. Significant difference in the changes of the density of natural enemies was not be observed according to frequency of acaricide application and kinds of acaricide. Acaricide treatment showed high effect on the population densities of A. womersleyi and Oriur spp., while less effect on Chrysopa spp.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.32 no.1
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• pp.48-54
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• 1987

To search for the optimal nitrogen application method for the machine transplanting to Dongjinbyeo, compared to conventional method, in the various methods of nitrogen split application at different growth stages of rice plant. This experiment was performed at Honam Crop Experiment Station, in 1985 year. The results were as followed; the nitrogen contents of leaf blade was the highest at maximum tillering stage under the conventional method and reduction division stage under the nitrogen top-dressing at panicle initiation and 5 times split application of nitrogen for the whole rice growth stages. CGR, RGR and NAR after heading was highest under 5 times split application of nitrogen for the whole rice growth stages. Relationships between CGR and NAR, NAR and RGR, CGR and RGR showed the positive correlation significantly at each rice growth stage, respectively, and showed more high correlation according to further rice growth stages. The degree of contribution of CGR to rice grain yield was the highest at 20 days after heading. Rice grail: yield was higher under top-dressing of nitrogen at panicle initiation and basal application (30%) + 4 times equal dispensing top-dressing after basal application of nitrogen than conventional method.

• Magazine of the Korea Concrete Institute
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.209-219
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• 1999

This paper describes an experimental study planned to examine the effects of important design variables which were used in the proposed equation by authors. Fourteen beams and slabs were designed with the variables, such as effective prestress, concrete strength, amount of tendons, amount of bonded reinforcements, loading type, and span/depth ratio. Then, deflections and tendon stresses were measured and compared according to the parametric variations of the selected variables. It was found that the tendon stress increment decreases as the level of effective prestress or the amount of unbonded tendons and bonded reinforcements increases. Also, the contributions of concrete strength, and loading type were observed to affect on the tendon stresses. However, the stress increments of unbonded tendon were minimal alt high values of span/depth in contrast with the ACI code.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.62 no.1
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• pp.53-59
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• 1983

The use of computers for storing or analyzing the data collected is expected to increase in next decade. A simple program written in Fortran IV was used at the Seoul National University nursery for inventorying the trees growing and for recording the past cultural treatments and present status. The data in the program included blocks, uses, tree species, damage conditions and cultural treatments, and each of the items were branched into specific classes. Thus the record printed in the output helped identify quickly the damage conditions of each block which, in turn, contributed to manage efficiently forest nursery.

• Journal of the Korea Concrete Institute
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.297-304
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• 2003

This paper presents the test results of RCS(Reinforced Concrete Steel) beam-column joint with various types of transverse reinforcements such as small-column-type transverse reinforcements, four-piece ㄱ-shape assembled hoops and four-piece ㄱ-shape welded hoops. Five interior beam-column joint specimens were tested to examine the seismic performance and the shear strengths. From the test results, it was found that all the specimens sustained their strength at large levels of story drift(${\theta}$=0.035) without significant loss of strength and stiffness. Therefore it was concluded that the seismic performance and shear strength of the proposed RCS joint are at least the same as those of the specimen with conventional reinforcing details. Also, the contribution of the outer panel to the shear strength of the joint should be evaluated by the compression strut mechanism rather than compression field mechanism.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Service
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• v.32 no.2
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• pp.111-117
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• 2009

Farmed deer could be susceptible carrier to bovine viral infectious disease. But unfortunately, there has not been an overall study over this subject in Korea so far. Therefore, a study was conducted to see serum antibodies to bovine leukosis, food and mouth disease, bovine viral diarrhea and infectious bovine rhinotracheitis in deer using the sera of farmed deer. As a result, two deer in a farms showed positive in bovine leukosis antibodies, using ELISA. For wild water deer, no antibodies were found for those diseases. As a result, it can be assumed that deer were relatively low rate of exposure to highly contagious disease such as viral bovine infectious disease in Korea. As this study was conducted over limited in number of subject and regions, continued study should be carried out in order to prevent and control the interspecies transmission in the future.

• Journal of the Korea institute for structural maintenance and inspection
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• v.9 no.3
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• pp.213-220
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• 2005

Recently, a concern to verify the displacement capacity of shear wall has been arised to produce suitable data for the performance based design. In this paper, a process is presented to evaluate the displacement capacity of shear wall. The displacement of shear wall is expressed as the superposition of shear and flexural deformation. Variable crack angle truss model with a modification and sectional analysis method are used in calculating shear and flexural displacement, respectively. In addition, the effect of axial force and the contribution of vertical and horizontal reinforcements in wall are considered in the analysis. The accuracy of proposed method is evaluated by the comparison calculation results with previous test results. From the comparison, it was shown that the hysteretic behavior of shear wall could be well predicted by using the process. In the case with flange wall, however, the method overestimates the contribution of flange wall for strength and stiffness and underestimates for displacement capacity.

• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.43 no.5
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• pp.400-405
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• 2010

This study investigated lead adsorption by carboxylated alginic acid and its application in cleansing cosmetics. Carboxylated alginic acid showed the highest lead adsorptivity after oxidation in a 4-6 mM hydrogen peroxide solution at $20-30^{\circ}C$ for 30-40 min. Carboxylated alginic acid adsorbed $648.1{\pm}2.8-653.0{\pm}2.9$ mg/g of lead dry mass at pH 4-6. Carboxylated alginic acid modified by hydrogen peroxide and potassium permanganate adsorbed $651.3{\pm}3.8$ and $639.9{\pm}4.0$ mg/g of lead dry mass, respectively. Carboxylated alginic acid showed higher lead adsorptivity after modification by hydrogen peroxide than by potassium permanganate, with an increase of ~30% compared with raw alginic acid. To access the potential application of carboxylated alginic acid in cleansing cosmetics, we investigated the lead adsorptivity, conditions of the cosmetics procedure, and cytotoxicity of various concentrations of cleansing cosmetics added to 5% carboxylated alginic acid. The ideal cosmetic concentrations combined with 5% carboxylated alginic acid were 70% for peeling gel, 20% for massage cream, 20% for foam cleansing and 40% for cleansing cream. There was no cytotoxicity in cleansing cosmetics combined with 5% carboxylated alginic acid.

• Applied Biological Chemistry
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• v.30 no.2
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• pp.141-146
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• 1987

Chemical compositions of Japonica and J/Indica brown rices were compared. No significant differences were noted for amino acid composition of brown rice among varieties. The first and second limiting amino acids of brown rice were lysine and isoleucine, respectively. The major fatty acids of brown rice were palmitic, oleic and linoleic acid, which comprised of 96% of total fatty acid. The contents of saturated fatty acids were lower in Japonica varieties. The average value of calcium over phosphorus was 0.052.

• Computational Structural Engineering
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• v.9 no.3
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• pp.169-177
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• 1996

The focus of this study is on the problem of the design of structure of undetermined topology. This problem has been regarded as being the most challenging of structural optimization problems, because of the difficulty of allowing topology to change. Conventional approaches break down when element sizes approach to zero, due to stiffness matrix singularity. In this study, a novel nonlinear programming formulation of the topology problem is presented. Its main feature is the ability to account for topology variation through zero element sizes. Stiffness matrix singularity is avoided by embedding the equilibrium equations as equality constraints in the optimization problem. Although the formulation is general, two dimensional plane elasticity examples are presented. The design problem is to find minimum weight of a plane structure of fixed geometry but variable topology, subject to constraints on stress and displacement. Variables are thicknesses of finite elements, and are permitted to assume zero sizes. The examples demonstrate that the formulation is effective for finding at least a locally minimal weight.