• Journal of Aquaculture
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• v.11 no.4
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• pp.521-528
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• 1998

The influence of starvation on survival, growth and feeding incidence of larval tiger puffer Takifugu rubripes was investigated for 16 days after let them hatched at the temperature of 16.5~18.5${\circ}C$. The effect by delayed initial feeding on larvace was also studied. Almost all larvae began to be fed from the stage of yolk absorption about 5 days after hatching, in which rearing trials revealed that their survival and growth were influenced by food availability. Survival of unfed larvae, which stated to decrease drastically since the oil globule was exhausted about 9 days after hatching, dropped to 50% and 0% respectively on the 11.5th and 16th day. the difference of growth between fed and unfed larvae came into sight on about 5th day after hatching when the initial feeding was started, and had reduced in proportion to the length of starvation period. The condition factors for the unfed larvae were lower than thost of the fed. Of the larvae which had starved less than 5 days, more than 80% could consume food upon feeding. No fish had the ability in having food after 10 days. It appeared that the turning point of recover for the starving larvae came on 7th or 8th day. Their taking-food ability seemed to be affected by the change in swimming activity which depended on the duration of starvation. For the seed production of tiger puffer, therefore, feeding should be initiated as soon as possible, so as to enhance the production and survival of healthy seeds.

• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.32 no.5
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• pp.669-673
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• 1999

The effect of delayed initial feeding (1, 3, 5, 7 days) and starvation on morphological change, mortality and cannibalism on larvae of Siniperca scherzeri was examined by laboratory rearing. The larvae of S. scherzeri began to feed on Artemia nauplii at 4 days after hatching. In case of unfed and 7-days delayed groups, all of the larvae died at 12 days after hatching. The larvae of 1 day delayed feeding survived and grew as almost same as the control group, and 3-days delayed groups showed $33\%$ survival rate at the end of experiment (12 days after hatching). In case of the unfed group, total length of the starved larvae showed lower growth rate than the control group, and they did not reached at the same size of the larvae of the control group. Cannibalism were more common in the unfed group and the delayed fed group than the control group. The highest rate of daily mortality caused by cannibalism in the delayed fed group was $23\%$ at 8 days after hatching.

• The Korean Journal of Zoology
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.42-46
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• 1965

가물치 (Ophicephalus argus CANTOR) ♂♀를 재료로 하여 두 실험군으로 나누어서 대조군에 부치사량인 25-${\gamma}$의 137Cs-${\gamma}$ 선을 조사하고 실험군에는 250${\gamma}$의 137Cs-${\gamma}$선을 조사 즉후 adrenaline (0.5cc/80g$\pm$18%)을 매일 투여하여 약 23$^{\circ}C$에서 사육하면서 혈청단백질의 전기영동상과 총혈청단백질의 변화를 1, 4, 7, 10 , 13 및 1일구간으로 분리 즉 시일적 경과로 조사하였다. 한편 가물치에서의 ${\gamma}$선 치사량은 310${\gamma}$이다. 1) 양군에서 일반적으로 1, 4, 7, 10 및 13 일구에 현저한 albumin 분설의 감소가 나타났다. 즉 대조군인 adrenaline 비투여 대조군에서 a1 및 a2 globulin 분설의 증가와 실험군이 adrenaline 투여 대조군에서 a1 및 $\beta$-globulin 분설의 증가에 다른 albumin 분설의 감소가 나타났다. 따라서 A/G 비고 역시 시일적 경과에 따라 감소된 치를 나타내었다. 그러나 특히 adrenabine 투여 대조군의 1 일간에서 A/G비가 현저하게 감소의 지체성을 나타내었다. 2) 총혈청단백질량은 양군에서 일반적으로 1, 4 및 7일구에서 현저하게 감소되나 13 미치 16 이구에서 가물치의 정상치로 근접된 치를 나타내었다. 그러나 특히 adrenaline 투여 조사군에서 4 및 7일구에서 현저하게 감소의 지체성을 나타내었다. 3) 상기의 결과로 미루어보다 명백하게 혈청단백질에 미치는 adrenaline 처리의 방어효과가 ${\gamma}$선 조사후 특히 초기상태에서 현저하게 초래된다고 생각도니다.

• 프린팅코리아
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• s.2
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• pp.36-37
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• 2002

지난 6.13 지방선거에 총 10명의 인쇄인이 당선됐다. 총 24명이 의회 진출을 시도한 가운데 광역의원 선거에선 6명이 도전해 3명이 당선됐으며, 기초의원선거에선 총 18명이 나서서 7명이 당선의 기쁨을 누렸다. 시, 도의원 당선자는 인천 중구 제1선거구의 안병배(진문사인쇄소.45세), 충남 연기군 제1선거구 유환준(일신인쇄사.56세), 전북 무주군 무주제1선거구 윤완병(현대인쇄광고.46세) 의원등 이다. 구, 시, 군의원 당선자는 서울 도봉구 창제5동 목충균(세로와상사.62세), 서울 송파구 거여제1동 장경선(이레문화사.61세), 부산 중구 중앙동 영주1동 김만택(한일인쇄.58세), 부산 동래구 사직제1동 강신두(영남종합인쇄.48세), 대구 북구 침산3동 김형구(경원인쇄소.60세), 충남 보령 대천1동 임대식(명문당인쇄소.52세), 경북 경주시 동천동 김병태(경주인쇄소.44세) 의원 등이다. 새로이 의회에 발을 들여놓은 이들은 이구동성으로 인쇄업 경영이 선거에서 크나큰 도움이 됐다고 말했다. 당선자 모두는 인쇄업을 직접 경영한 경우였으며, 후보자 가운데는 광역의회와 기초의회 각각 1명씩 2명의 인쇄 현장 근로자들도 있었으나 탈락의 고배를 마셨다. 6.13 지방선거에 출마해 당선돼 인쇄업의 위상을 한층 드높인 대표 당선자 인터뷰와 10명 당선자들의 인적 사항을 정리했다.

• Korean Journal of Agricultural Science
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• v.39 no.3
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• pp.377-386
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• 2012

To reduce the saturation level of lard, solvent fractionation with hexane and acetone was carried out. The fatty acid compositions of lard were 1.5% myristic acid, 26.0% palmitic acid, 2.2%, palmitoleic acid, 12.1% stearic acid, 44.7% oleic acid, and 12.7% linoleic acid. Lard was fractionated by various conditions such as different fractionation temperatures (-15, 5, 10, $15^{\circ}C$), solvent ratios (1:1, 1:3, 1:5, 1:10, lard : solvent, w/v), and fractionation time (3, 6, 24 hr). At $-15^{\circ}C$, acetone was better for reducing the content (11.2%) of saturated fatty acids (SFA) than hexane (10.8%) when the 1:5 solvent ratio was used at 24 hr. Triacylglycerol (TAG) profiles were analyzed by reversed-phase high performance liquid chromatography based on the partition number (PN) of TAG molecules. The PN of major TAG species in lard were 46 (24.4%), 48 (55.7%), and 50 (19.9%). However, after fractionation (1:5, $5^{\circ}C$ and 24 hr), TAG species with a PN of 46 (34.2%), 48 (54.4%), and 50 (6.9%) were major components in acetone-fractionated lard (liquid part), while TAG species with a PN of 46 (26.0%), 48 (50.3%), and 50 (19.0%) were in hexane-fractionated lard, suggesting that fractionation with acetone resulted in maximal reduction of saturation level in lard.

• Korean Journal of Ichthyology
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.20-28
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• 1992

The influence of starvation on morphological change and survival rate of the left eye flounder larvae was examined at the KORDI laboratories in March, 1990. 1. The larvae of left eye flounder began of feed on rotifers in 5 days after hatching. In case of non-feeding, all of the larvae died in 11 days after hatching. The larvae which fed 1 day after the normal first feeding schedule grew normally but 100 of the larvae died in 14 days when the feeding was delayed for 2 days after hatching. 2. With the exhaustion of the yolk, the total length, body length, myotome height and gut height of unfed larvae decreased. Gut height is the most decreased demensions while starving. 3. The ratio of gut height to myotome height in unfed larvae has declined most rapidly compare to other demensions during the starvation. At 13 days after hatching, the ratios of these between fed and unfed larvae were 0.797 and 0.467, respectively. 4. The morphology of starving larvae were characterized as sharpened jaw, projected edge of lawer part of clavicle and slender gut.

• Journal of Korean Medical classics
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• v.33 no.4
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• pp.147-165
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• 2020

Objectives : The meaning of the verses '久而增氣' and '氣增而久' from the 『Suwen·Zhizhenyaodalun』 were studied to complement previous annotations. Methods : Based on problems uncovered in previous annotations, the verses "久而增氣, 物化之常也" and "氣增而久, 夭之由也" were examined in detail. Results & Conclusions : Previous annotations on the verse "久而增氣, 物化之常也" have conflicting opinions. Therefore, related contents in the 『Huangdineijing』 were examined to resolve and complement existing interpretations. The meaning of '久' in the phrase "久而增氣, 物化之常也," not only has a temporal meaning but also refers to the Jing process[精化｣. The Jing process is where the Jing Qi is used to produce Jing through a feedback process that results in enlivening materials such as Jing, Qi, and Blood. The phrase "氣增而久, 夭之由也" refers to an early death caused by expansion of rough Qi that has failed to go through the Jing process because of excessive greed and failure to follow the seasonal principle. These phrases from the 『Suwen·Zhizhenyaodalun』 reminds us that the Qi's Jing process is an important factor in determining longevity, shedding new light on themes such as the pattern of food intake, cultivation, longevity, treating before illness, prevention, etc., for today.

• Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
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• v.27 no.4
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• pp.290-295
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• 1994

Soil $CO_2$ evolution was measured using the soda-lime method for 20-year-old L. tulipifera, P. albaglandulosa, and Q. rubra plantations planted on a similar soil type in the Kwangneung Experimental Forest during the growing season of 1994. Soil $CO_2$ evolution ranged from $0.21g/m^2/hr$ for Q. rubra to $0.33g/m^2/hr$ for L. tulipifera. and was significantly different among species. We found positive correlations between soil $CO_2$ evolution and air(p<0.001, r=0.39) and soil temperatures(p<0.001, r=0.49). Peaks in seasonal soil $CO_2$ evolution occurred in July and August. Seasonal soil $CO_2$evolution did not necessarily follow changes in air and soil temperatures. This study implies that more work is needed to clarify the influence of other factors on soil $CO_2$evolution.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.18-21
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• 2006

This study was performed to investigate the reverse effects of atipamezole in green iguana anesthetized with intramuscular administration of medetomidine-tiletamine/zolazepam ($Zoletil^{\circledR}$). Heart rate, respiratory rate and body temperature were measured. Anesthetic depth was evaluated by righting reflex. In all study groups, heart rate and respiratory rate significantly decreased at 5 min after anesthetic administration, and gradually increased after atipamezole administration. The present study suggested that $500{\mu}g/kg$ atipamezole was effective reversal dosage for $500{\mu}g/kg$ medetomidine and 10 mg/kg liletamine/zolazepam combination anesthesia in green iguanas.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.61-69
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• 1977

The affect of perennial weeds to rice yield and rice growing was evaluated. Rice heading date was shortened 1-4days and rice culm length was shortened 5-10cm in heavy weed growing condition. The ratio of yield reduction were about 50% in Cyperus serotinus, about 57 in Potamogeton distinctus in both rice varieties and about 60% of Eleocharis kuroguwal in heavy perennial growing condition.