• Spatial Information Research
• /
• v.22 no.1
• /
• pp.65-73
• /
• 2014

Recently indoor navigation with indoor map such as Indoor Google Maps is served. For the services, constructing indoor data are required. CityGML and IFC are widely used as standards for representing indoor data. The data models contains spatial information for the indoor visualization and analysis, but indoor navigation requires semantic and topological information like graph as well as geometry. For this reason, IndoorGML, which is a GML3 application schema and data model for representation, storage and exchange of indoor geoinformation, is under standardization of OGC. IndoorGML can directly describe geometric property and refer elements in external documents. Because a lot of data in CityGML or IFC have been constructed, a huge amount of construction time and cost for IndoorGML data will be reduced if CityGML can help generate data in IndoorGML. Thus, this paper suggest practical use of CityGML including deriving from and link to CityGML. We analyze relationships between IndoorGML and CityGML. In this paper, issues and solutions for linkage of IndoorGML and CityGML are addressed.

• Korean Journal of Agricultural and Forest Meteorology
• /
• v.17 no.3
• /
• pp.191-201
• /
• 2015

Measuring and mapping connectivity among habitats is a key component of sustainable urban planning and design process. In this study, we examined how functional corridors connect forest bird habitats in a metropolitan area of Korea using graph theory-based techniques. High-quality forest habitat was defined as a function of forest cover, presence of residential areas, and road networks. We then constructed a network of high-quality forest habitats using the FunConn (functional connectivity) tools, and computed metrics ($T_i$) of patch importance based on the minimum ($Q_1$) and the 25th percentile ($Q_{25}$) rank least-cost distance values. We investigated the relative influence of two values of patch importance on forest bird species richness. As a result, the patch importance index based on the $Q_{25}$ effective distance threshold was most positively correlated with species richness (P < 0.001) after controlling for the area effect. Thus, using the $Q_{25}$ effective distance threshold, we mapped not only the locations of important habitat patches and functional corridors, but also the network backbone of forest bird habitats. The network developed in this study can help guide urban planning for biodiversity conservation.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
• /
• v.15 no.2
• /
• pp.377-392
• /
• 2015

In today's data-driven society, we've been hearing a great deal about the power of Big Data over the last couple of years. At the same time, it has become the most important issue that the problems is caused by the data collection, management and utilization. Moreover, Big Data has a wide applications ranging from situation awareness, decision-making to the area to enable for the foreseeable future with man-made and analysis of data. It is necessary to process data into meaningful information given that the huge amount of structured and unstructured data being created in the private and the public sector, even in disaster management. This data should be public and private sector at the same time for the appropriate linkage analysis for effective disaster management. In this paper, we conducted a literature review and case study efficient Big Data to derive the revitalization of national disaster management. The study obtained data on the role and responsibility of the public sector and the private sector to leverage Big Data for promotion of national disaster management plan. Both public and private sectors should promote common development challenges related to the openness and sharing of Big Data, technology and expansion of infrastructure, legal and institutional maintenance. The implications of the finding were discussed.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers Conference
• /
• 2003.11a
• /
• pp.31-35
• /
• 2003

폴리카보네이트는 내열성과 투명성이 우수한데 비해 내후성이 좋지 않아 황변 및 물성이 저하되고, 내찰상성이 약하여 긁히기 쉬운데다 이물질에 의해 오염되기 쉬워 투명성이 저하되는 문제점이 있다. 이러한 단점을 극복하고, 사용하는 용도에 따라 요구되는 다양한 기능성을 부여하기 위하여 폴리카보네이트 표면에 기능성층을 형성시킴으로써 그 목적을 달성하고자 한다. 본 논문에서는 이온 주입기술을 이용하여, 폴리카보네이트 표면의 전기전도도 특성을 향상시키고, 피부암 및 백내장 등을 유발하는 유해한 자외선 (UV-A, UV-B)을 차단하려 한다. 표면전기전도도의 향상은 이물질로부터 오염되는 정도를 낮추며, 정전기를 방지할 수 있다. PC(Polycarbonate) 표면에 $N^+,\;Ar^+,\;Kr^+,\;Xe^+$ 이온을 에너지 20keV에서 50keV을 사용하여, 주입량 $5{\times}10^{15}\;{\sim}\7{\times}10^{16}\cm^2$ 로 조사하였다. 이온 주입된 PC의 표면을 두 접점 방법의 표면 저항 측정으로 표면전기전도도 특성을 알아보았고, 자외선차단 특성은 UV-Vis 로 분석하였다. 이들 전기적 광학적 특성간의 상관관계를 관찰하고, 이러한 특성을 나타내는 화학적 기능그룹들의 변화를 보기 위해 FTIR 분석법으로 관찰하였다. 이온조사량의 증가에 따라 표면저항은 $10^7{\Omega}/sq$까지 감소하여 표면전기특성을 증가시키며, 자외선 차단 특성은 UV-A를 95%까지 차단하여 인체에 유해한 자외선 차단에 유용함을 확인하였다. 이러한 특성은 PC 표면에 카본 네트워크 형성과 $\pi$전자들의 운동량을 증가시키는 구조로 고분자 사슬들의 결합구조 변형에 의한 것으로 생각된다.블을 가지고 파서를 설계하였다. 파서의 출력으로 AST가 생성되면 번역기는 AST를 탐색하면서 의미적으로 동등한 MSIL 코드를 생성하도록 시스템을 컴파일러 기법을 이용하여 모듈별로 구성하였다.적용하였다.n rate compared with conventional face recognition algorithms. 아니라 실내에서도 발생하고 있었다. 정량한 8개 화합물 각각과 총 휘발성 유기화합물의 스피어만 상관계수는 벤젠을 제외하고는 모두 유의하였다. 이중 톨루엔과 크실렌은 총 휘발성 유기화합물과 좋은 상관성 (톨루엔 0.76, 크실렌, 0.87)을 나타내었다. 이 연구는 톨루엔과 크실렌이 총 휘발성 유기화합물의 좋은 지표를 사용될 있고, 톨루엔, 에틸벤젠, 크실렌 등 많은 휘발성 유기화합물의 발생원은 실외뿐 아니라 실내에도 있음을 나타내고 있다.>10)의 $[^{18}F]F_2$를 얻었다. 결론: $^{18}O(p,n)^{18}F$ 핵반응을 이용하여 친전자성 방사성동위원소 $[^{18}F]F_2$를 생산하였다. 표적 챔버는 알루미늄으로 제작하였으며 본 연구에서 연구된 $[^{18}F]F_2$가스는 친핵성 치환반응으로 방사성동위원소를 도입하기 어려운 다양한 방사성의 약품개발에 유용하게 이용될 수 있을 것이다.었으나 움직임 보정 후 영상을 이용하여 비교한 경우, 결합능 변화가 선조체 영역에서 국한되어 나타나며 그 유의성이 움직임 보정 전에 비하여 낮음을 알 수 있었다. 결론: 뇌활성화 과제 수행시에 동반되는 피험자의 머리 움직임에 의하여 도파민 유리가 과대평가되었으며 이는 이 연구에서 제안한 영상정합을 이용한 움직임 보정기법에 의해서 개선되었다. 답이 없는 문제, 문제 만들기, 일반화가 가능한 문제 등으

• Journal of Practical Engineering Education
• /
• v.14 no.1
• /
• pp.205-217
• /
• 2022

For high school students in Jeonbuk, this study aims to identify the problems caused by outflow of local youth population and their preference factors to enter university in Seoul-metropolitan area, and to draw out the direction of local human resources program, through questionnaire investigation and focused group interview. The main findings are as follows: First, 68.8% of high school students, especially the top grade students prefer to enter university in metropolitan area. The metropolitan cultural characteristics, such as reputation of universities and ranking, openness and anonymity, and urban infrastructure attract students. Second, there is a close relationship between the individual background, growth area - enrollment area - employment area, and the location dependency without return migration is very strong. Third, local human resources program was evaluated as a meaningful activity for high school students, in order to understand the further education and career, and have an interest in local universities. Therefore, it is necessary to discover industries consistent with local identity, create networks, develop and implement programs considering the actual educational conditions. The gender-free program, supplement program for the integrated curriculum, and contents that to supplement science subjects should be developed. Additionally, this issue could be resolved expanding the perspective of balanced national development and improve the local environment to enhance the urban attraction points.

• KIPS Transactions on Software and Data Engineering
• /
• v.12 no.4
• /
• pp.179-188
• /
• 2023

Recently, fake news disguises the form of news content and appears whenever important events occur, causing social confusion. Accordingly, artificial intelligence technology is used as a research to detect fake news. Fake news detection approaches such as automatically recognizing and blocking fake news through natural language processing or detecting social media influencer accounts that spread false information by combining with network causal inference could be implemented through deep learning. However, fake news detection is classified as a difficult problem to solve among many natural language processing fields. Due to the variety of forms and expressions of fake news, the difficulty of feature extraction is high, and there are various limitations, such as that one feature may have different meanings depending on the category to which the news belongs. In this paper, emotional change patterns are presented as an additional identification criterion for detecting fake news. We propose a model with improved performance by applying a convolutional neural network to a fake news data set to perform analysis based on content characteristics and additionally analyze emotional change patterns. Sentimental polarity is calculated for the sentences constituting the news and the result value dependent on the sentence order can be obtained by applying long-term and short-term memory. This is defined as a pattern of emotional change and combined with the content characteristics of news to be used as an independent variable in the proposed model for fake news detection. We train the proposed model and comparison model by deep learning and conduct an experiment using a fake news data set to confirm that emotion change patterns can improve fake news detection performance.

• Journal of Korean Society of Transportation
• /
• v.25 no.4
• /
• pp.123-133
• /
• 2007

This study analyzed whether a transit network with hierarchy is efficient or not, and if transit network hierarchy has cost efficiency, then which condition guarantees the efficiency of the transit network hierarchy. The authors modeled the total cost of the transit network and suggested the conditions in which the transit network hierarchy has cost efficiency through comparing the cost of the transit network with and without hierarchy. The efficiency of transit network hierarchy is guaranteed when the travel cost savings induced by using a higher hierarchy transit network is larger than the increasing non-travel cost, which is the sum of access cost, waiting cost, and operating cost, induced by the introduction of a higher hierarchy transit network. This result is consistent with common sense and with the concept of cost and benefit analysis. If a passenger traveling within the area divided by a higher hierarchy transit network uses only a lower hierarchy transit network and the passenger traveling out of the area divided by the higher hierarchy transit network uses both lower and higher hierarchy transit networks, the travel demand using the higher hierarchy transit network is inversely proportional to the square of the line spacing. This means that the transit network becomes more efficient and small increases of travel demand guarantee the efficiency of the transit network hierarchy as the connectivity of the network becomes higher. This result shows that transit networks have economies of aggregation. This study is the first analytical research on transit network hierarchy and is expected to be a basis for numerical research. However, numerical research should complement this study, since analytical research has some limitations for considering a real network.

• The Journal of Information Systems
• /
• v.25 no.1
• /
• pp.1-23
• /
• 2016

Purpose Self-congruity deals with the effect of symbolic value-expressive attributes on consumer decision and behavior, which is the theoretical foundation of the "non-utilitarian destination positioning". Functional congruity refers to utilitarian evaluation of a product or service by consumers. In addition, recent years, social network services, especially mobile social network services have created many opportunities for e-WOM communication that enables consumers to share personal consumption related information anywhere at any time. Moreover, self-construal is a hot and popular topic that has been discussed in the field of modem psychology as well as in marketing area. This study aims to examine the moderating effect of self-construal on the relationship between self-congruity, functional congruity and tourists' positive electronic word of mouth (e-WOM). Design/methodology/approach In order to verify the hypotheses, we developed a questionnaire with 32 survey items. We measured all the items on a five-point Likert-type scale. We used Sojump.com to collect questionnaire and gathered 218 responses from whom have visited Korea before. After a pilot test, we analyzed the main survey data by using SPSS 20.0 and AMOS 18.0, and employed structural equation modeling to test the hypotheses. We first estimated the measurement model for its overall fit, reliability and validity through a confirmatory factor analysis and used common method bias test to make sure that whether measures are affected by common-method variance. Then we tested the hypotheses through the structural model and used regression analysis to measure moderating effect of self-construal. Findings The results reveal that the effect of self-congruity on tourists' positive e-WOM is stronger for tourists with an independent self-construal compared with those with interdependent self-construal. Moreover, it shows that the effect of functional congruity on tourists' positive e-WOM becomes salient when tourists' self-construal is primed to be interdependent rather than independent. We expect that the results of this study can provide important implications for academic and practical perspective.

• The KIPS Transactions:PartB
• /
• v.13B no.5 s.108
• /
• pp.561-568
• /
• 2006

WPS(Wearable Personal Station) for next generation PC can define as a core terminal of 'Ubiquitous Computing' that include information processing and network function and overcome spatial limitation in acquisition of new information. As a way to acquire significant dynamic gesture data of user from haptic devices, traditional gesture recognizer based on desktop-PC using wire communication module has several restrictions such as conditionality on space, complexity between transmission mediums(cable elements), limitation of motion and incommodiousness on use. Accordingly, in this paper, in order to overcome these problems, we implement hand gesture recognition system using fuzzy algorithm and neural network for Post PC(the embedded-ubiquitous environment using blue-tooth module and WPS). Also, we propose most efficient and reasonable hand gesture recognition interface for Post PC through evaluation and analysis of performance about each gesture recognition system. The proposed gesture recognition system consists of three modules: 1) gesture input module that processes motion of dynamic hand to input data 2) Relational Database Management System(hereafter, RDBMS) module to segment significant gestures from input data and 3) 2 each different recognition modulo: fuzzy max-min and neural network recognition module to recognize significant gesture of continuous / dynamic gestures. Experimental result shows the average recognition rate of 98.8% in fuzzy min-nin module and 96.7% in neural network recognition module about significantly dynamic gestures.

• The Southeast Asian review
• /
• v.27 no.1
• /
• pp.53-94
• /
• 2017

Thai political regime is said to have returned to bureaucratic polity or semi-democracy. However this kind of perspective do not find the political interference of Privy Council which is a body of Monarch of Thailand. Therefore this paper tries to discover the unique traits of Thai way of constitutional monarchy which can be defined as the modern form of absolute monarchy. In short Thai way of constitutional monarchy based on network politics is contradictary to the normal constitutional monarchy whose norm is "the king reigns, but does not rule." This means Thai king is in politics not above politics in reality. Thai monarchy has interfered in diversive way in terms of mediating political conflicts and protecting the monarchy as a institution. In this process the king has been worshiped as demigod who practises the Buddhist doctrine and the centre of national integration. Even after the 6 Ocober 1976 massacre which the palace involved King Bhumibol Adulyadej's sacred position was not challenged. Rather $l{\grave{e}}se-majest{\acute{e}}$ law became more draconian for status quo. Since then $l{\grave{e}}se-majest{\acute{e}}$ was cited as one of the major rationale for the military coup. The 2006 coup which was triggered by the clash between network Monarchy and bourgeois polity based on Thakin network marked a surge of the $l{\grave{e}}se-majest{\acute{e}}$ cases. The 2014 coup had consecutively increased the number of $l{\grave{e}}se-majest{\acute{e}}$ prisoners. It can be said that the modern form of absolute monarchy in Thailand including bureaucratic polity, semi-democracy and democracy is bounded by $l{\grave{e}}se-majest{\acute{e}}$ law which network monarchy players such as military, intellectuals, Democrat Party and even some civil society groups support.