• Korea lubricating oil industries association bulletin
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• no.18
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• pp.12-22
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• 1986

국내정유산업의 후방부문인 윤활유사업은 산업의 발전과 함께 국내 진출, 다국적석유기업에 의하여 원료 및 첨가제의 공급에 의한 단순생산과 마아케팅을 하여 국내시장을 지배하여 왔다. 또한 중화학공업의 발달과 함께 산업기계에 요구되는 윤활유제품도 다양화와 품질고급화로 시장구조가 점점 변화되고 있다. 국내윤활유총생산량중 65$\%$의 시장을 가지고 있는 고급윤활유시장은 4개 제조회사에 의하여 96$\%$의 시장을 유지하고 있다. 각 제조회사의 시장확대정책에 의하여 각대리점에 대한 유통경로의 관리가 중요 마아케팅전략음 되고 있는 실정이다. 제조회사의 대형 소비자에 대한 직매, 직영대리점, 일반대리점에 대한 유통기구중 많은 판매비중을 차지하고 있는 일반대리점에 대하여 4P를 기준하여 대리점측 입장에서 마아케팅 믹스를 분석하였다. 제조회사가 판매대리점에 취하는 마아케팅 전략중 직접적인 방법과 간접적인 방법이 시장관리에 나타나는 갈등정도를 가설로 설문지를 작성하여 6월 10일부터 6월 19일까지 경인지역은 조사원에 의한 직접방문과 지방은 등기우편에 의하여 50개 일반대리점에 송부하여 60$\%$의 회수율을 보였다. 응답자료를 통하여 제조회사의 직접적인 시장관리방법과 간접적인 시장관리방법을 사용시 일반대리점에 대한 갈등해소 정도를 상관분석을 통한 통계처리를 하였다. 본 연구결과는 다음과 같은 사실을 얻을수 있었다. 제조회사가 일반대리점에 실시하는 직접적 또는 간접적인 시장관리는 일반대리점에 대하여 갈등해소에 커다란 작용을 하지 못한다. 따라서 제조회사는 유통경로에 대한 전략을 첫째, 일반대리점과 직영대리점과의 시장에 대한 마찰해소 둘때, 대리점에 대한 안정적인 판매이윤제공 셋째, 계획적인 판매대리점간 시장경쟁조정 넷째, R & D 투자강화로 제조회사 차원에서 공동으로 산학협동하여 첨가제 및 상표의 국내개발을 이루어 제품가격인하로 장기적인 시장개발이 요청된다는 결론을 얻었다.

• Informatization Policy
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.51-70
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• 2013

The flaming which is defined as posting deliberately hostile messages online has been perceived as one of the most dangerous behaviors on the Internet. Although the previous research on flaming focused on finding the effects of anonymity and individual differences, more comprehensive explanation is still needed. This research attempted to find social variables which affect the attitude toward and the act of flaming based on the differences between high school and college students. Findings show that both high school and college students are strongly influenced by their affiliated groups in the intention to commit online flaming and past experiences of the number of the acts of flaming. At the same time, vicarious learning was positively associated with high school students, but direct utterance was positively associated with college students. The implications of the study was also discussed.

• Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science
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• v.2
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• pp.133-158
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• 1998

최근의 많은 연구에서 정보기술에 대한 서비스제공 및 서비스 질(qualiy)에 대한 평가와 측정도구의 개발이 활발하게 이르어져 왔다(Pitt et al 1998) 또한 서비스 주체가 인적 요인에서 무형의 매체로 전환되고 있으며, 이러한 원인은 정보기술의 응용성에서 찾을 수 있다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 기존의 서비스 관점을 정보기술의 응용분야의 한 핵심이 될 수 있는 정보통신분야의 이동 휴대통신을 중심으로 서비스 질을 평가하여 문제점과 대안을 탐색하고자 하였다. 정보통신분야는 기간산업으로서의 역할과 그 중요성이 더욱 증대되고 있으며, 개별 기업차원에서도 정보기술 인프라는 중요한 경쟁요인이 될 수 있다. 그러나 이 분야에 대한 연구가 미흡하고 단순한 지표를 통한 비교 등의 연구 방법론에 있어서도 미비하다고 볼 수 있다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 정보통신분야의 중요성을 인식하고 초기 단계의 이동 휴대통신 분야의 핵심역량을 규명하고 향후 서비스 전략의 성공요인을 찾아내고자 하였다. 이러한 연구를 수행하기 위해 서비스만족 변수를 대리 측정도구로 이용하여 정보통신 기술 부분, 정보제공 부분, 비용우위 및 차별화 부분을 통해 계층적으로 접근하였다. 본 연구의 결과는 크게 세부분으로 요약된다. 첫째, 정보통신기술 부분에 대해 혁신적이고 안정적일 때 서비스만족도는 우수한 것으로 분석되었다. 또한 통신장비 및 부가장비의 우수성도 서비스부분에 미치는 영향력이 큰 것으로 나타났다. 둘째, 정보제공과 서비스만족과의 관계에서는 필요정보에 대한 서비스 밀착도가 높으면 서비스만족도는 높은 것으로 분석되었다. 또한 정보제공 분야의 서비스 개발력은 서비스만족도에 미치는 영향정도도 크게 작용하는 것으로 나타났다. 셋째, 차별화 및 비용우위와 서비스만족과의 관계도 매우 유의한 것으로 분석되었다. 특히, 비용 및 요금은 서비스만족도에 결정적 영향변수로 나타났으며, 광고 및 홍보부분도 만족도의 영향변수로 분석되었다. 이러한 연구결과는 향후 서비스전략에 응용될 수 있으며, 이동 휴대통신분야의 성공요인을 가시적으로 분석할 수 있다. 본 연구의 한계점은 첫째, 실제 서비스를 제공하는 서비스 주체의 객관적인 평가가 부족하였고 이러한 상횡에서 정보통신 기술 서비스 능력이 잘 반영되지 못했다는 점을 들 수 있다. 둘째, 이동 통신의 분야별 연구를 통해 비교 평가가 세부적으로 이루어지지 못했으며 연구방법상 샘플조사의 한계와 객관적인 응답자료를 확보하기가 어려웠던 점을 들 수 있다. 마지막으로 분석결과에서는 변수간의 유의성이 있는 것으로 볼 수 있지만 측정도구가 미약하며, 향후 지속적인 연구와 측정도구의 개발이 필요하다고 볼 수 있다.

• Journal of The Korean Association of Information Education
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• v.24 no.6
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• pp.623-631
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• 2020

In the era of COVID-19 global pandemic, e-learning has become new standards and daily life in the name of 'new normal'. This study developed dialogue e-learning contents as opposed to monologue e-learning which is unidirectional and instructor centered and conducted qualitative user experience evaluation of dialogue e-learning contents. A total number of 20 adult students participated and were individually interviewed. Qualitative data analysis was performed. The findings include students' positive perceptions of dialogue e-learning contents such as empathy for various ideas and new format. With regard to personal preference, 55% of participants preferred dialogue e-learning contents because it enables them to focus and share real experiences. Meanwhile, in terms of learning effects, 60% participants selected monologue e-learning contents and mentioned adequate explanations of concepts and explicit information delivery. Based on the results, suggestions on the design and development of dialogue e-learning contents were presented.

• Information Systems Review
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.113-135
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• 2004

This paper defines appraisal items and weights of the items for the purpose of developing an appraisal instrument that objectively measures employee's effectiveness of knowledge contribution. Deductive research is used for the development of appraisal items and delphi method for the development of weights of the items. In the deductive research the term, "effectiveness of knowledge contribution" is first defined. Then knowledge contribution activities are classified as "dimension of explicit contribution" and " dimension of tacit contribution" due to the characteristics of knowledge. Each dimension is divided again by components. The dimension of explicit contribution is divided according to the content of knowledge, and the dimension of tacit contribution is divided according to the extent of tacitness of knowledge contribution. The total components of dimensions are 7. The dimension of explicit contribution is composed of factual knowledge and procedural knowledge. The factual knowledge is made up of "procedural knowledge outcome" and "other factual knowledge". The procedural knowledge is made up of "procedural knowledge manual" and "lessons-learned procedural knowledge". The dimension of tacit contribution is composed of "agency", "model" and "Q&A". The basic framework for measuring 7 components of knowledge contribution is quantitative and qualitative approach. This paper is premised on the assumption that the outcomes of employee's knowledge contribution activities are recorded in the knowledge management systems in order to evaluate them objectively. The appraisal items are defined as follows: at the dimension of explicit contribution, in quantitative approach, "the upload number" or "performance number", and in qualitative approach, other employee's "referred number" and other employee's "content and format satisfaction evaluation"; at the dimension of tacit contribution, "demanded number of performance" After the development of appraisal items by the deductive method, delphi method was used for the analysis of the weights of the items with the total degree of knowledge contribution, 100. This research does not include the standard marks of the appraisal items. It is because when companies apply this appraisal instrument, they could use their own standard appraisal marks of the appraisal items considering their present situations and companies' goals. Through this almost desert-like research about the appraisal instrument of employee's knowledge contribution effectiveness, it proposes a cornerstone in the research field of appraisal instrument, which provides a standard for employee's knowledge contribution appraisal, and appraisal items that make organizational knowledge to be managed more systemically in business sites.

• 한국노년학
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• v.37 no.3
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• pp.669-686
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• 2017

The purpose of this study is to investigate types of neighborhood environments and to verify whether the types of neighborhood environments are directly related to life satisfaction of older adults. To achieve this goal, I used'2014 National Survey on Older Koreans' data which surveyed the older adults aged 65 and over living in the community and a total of 10,281 respondents were analyzed. To determine the types of neighborhood environment, the time taken by walking from community organizations or places such as grocery stores, medical centers, administrative agencies, welfare centers, public transportation was used as an neighborhood environment indicators. As a results, there were six types of neighborhood environment: a leisure-welfare walk-limited type(20.3%), a leisure-welfare long-distance type(15.5%), a balanced proximity type(7.8%), a store-traffic type(35.8%), a traffic proximity type(10.1%), and a marginalized area type(11.3%). Compared to the balanced proximity type, older adults living in a store-traffic type and a marginalized area type were more likely to have negative life satisfaction. older adults who have higher life satisfaction were more likely to be female, more educated, get higher household income, and have a spouses or partner. Moreover, the better the health conditions, the higher the frequency of contact with children, siblings, friends and neighbors, the higher the satisfaction of life. Finding from the study highlight the importance of neighborhood environment in late life and provide implications for building age-friendly community.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.18 no.11
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• pp.479-485
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• 2017

This study estimated the non-use values of the Gum river estuary which are not related to the direct or indirect use of the Gum river estuary using the contingent valuation method (CVM). The non-use values of the Gum river estuary were explained and asked to be evaluated in the CVM questionnaire and estimates of the WTPs(willingness-to-pay) were elicited using the Turnbull nonparametric estimation methods on the dichotomous choice CV data. Results found the Turnbull lower bounded mean WTP per year for non-use value of the Gum river estuary was estimated at 5,822 won (95% C.I. 5,295 ~ 6,349 won) from single dichotomous CV data, and 6,205 won (95% C.I. 5,701 ~ 6,710 won) from double dichotomous CV data. The mean of two WTP estimates, 6,014 won (95% C.I. 5,498 ~ 6,529 won), was used to calculate the annual total non-use value of the Gum river estuary. Therefore, the non-use value of the Gum river estuary was estimated at 220.3 billion won (95% C.I. 201.4 - 239.2 billion won) annually. This non-use value of the Gum river estuary was composed of the bequest value totaling 68.3 billion won (95% C.I. 62.5 - 74.2 billion won), the existence value of 58.0 billion won (95% C.I. 53.0 - 63.0 billion won), the option value of 57.7 billion won (95% C.I. 52.7 - 62.6 billion won), and the vicarious consumption value totaling 36.3 billion won (95% C.I. 33.1 - 39.4 billion won).

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.13 no.12
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• pp.5786-5799
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• 2012

In this era of the knowledge-based economy, the most important issue that we faced is the management of the knowledge workers who is the main source of enterprise. There has been a big issue on the organizational commitment recently which is the idea of how much employees have a positive affection to the enterprise they work for and also how much time, knowledge and energy employees are willing to invest for their company success. Improving this concept would provide a meaningful implication in managing the knowledge workers. This research which is based on previous studies, it aims to control the effect on the organizational commitment by Shared Leadership which puts the job characteristics of knowledge workers into a dominant factor. As a result of the study, among the several job characteristics, autonomy and a feedback had a positive effect on the organizational commitment. Shared Leadership as a moderating variable, has shown an affirmative effect on autonomy, a feedback, and problem solving as an independent variable and on the organizational commitment as a dependent variable. However, related to the job complexity, it did not show a notable influence. Also, the Shared Leadership has shown a favorable impact on the feedback and problem solving, but barely effected on autonomy or job complexity.

• 재활복지
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.69-91
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• 2018

This study aims to identify factors of life satisfaction of the adults with developmental disabilities, focusing on the comparison between young and old. Data are collected through in-depth interview of the adults with developmental disabilities as well as via workers proxy responses at the group home. Regression model analysis is conducted based on 387 cases. The result shows that the young adults with developmental disabilities are more likely to satisfied with life when they evaluate job performance of workers at the group home and when they are more actively involved in community activities. For the old adults with developmental disabilities, life satisfaction is positively associated with their evaluation of job performance of workers at the group home as in the young adults. In addition, life satisfaction of the old adults is higher when they feel less fatigue. It is also higher for those with more choices on residence and higher level of social activities. The findings reveals that enhancement of life satisfaction for the old adults with developmental disabilities dwelling at group home require supports and services for health and social activities different from other ages. It shares the general ideas that service efforts should be made for needs and desires of the recipients. The present study suggests to expand our research interests to include the disabled in danger of early aging, such as the persons with Down Syndrome and the persons with intellectual disability and cerebral palsy, and look into their particular needs.