• Journal of the Korean Data and Information Science Society
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• v.27 no.2
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• pp.409-417
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• 2016

The purpose of this study was to demonstrate the effect on the degree of fatigue and accuracy of cardiopulmonary resuscitation according to the different time delays (3 minutes, 4 minutes). Carrying out repeated measures of variance (repeated ANOVA), we have shown that time effect (F = 7.835, p <.01) and group effect (F = 8.695, p<.01) and the interaction effect between time and group (F = 12.582, p<.001) were all statistically significant. It means, in the test of the main effect of group and time (3 minutes, 4 minutes) using the Bonferroni method, it turned out that the amount of lactic acid of the experimental group was larger than that of the control group (p<.01), and there was no difference until 3 minutes, but the difference of the amount of lactic acid was shown between before the experiment and after 4 minutes, and between 3 minutes and 4 minutes (p <.05), respectively. Then, in the result of the corresponding sample t-test, for comparing the according to the measurement time, the accuracy after 3 minutes became higher than the case of 4 minutes (t = 4.584, p <.001). Therefore, before 119 arrives performing cardiopulmonary resuscitation for emergency, rescuers need to perform cardiopulmonary resuscitation alternating with others before 3 minutes.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.40 no.4
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• pp.429-435
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• 2020

North Korea declared itself complete with nuclear force after its sixth nuclear test in 2017. Despite efforts at home and abroad to denuclearize the Korean Peninsula, the prospects for the denuclearization are not bright. Along with political and diplomatic efforts to deter NK's WMD threats, the government is required to strengthen its consequence management capabilities against 'catastrophic situations' expected in case of emergency. Accordingly, this study was conducted to present measures to strengthen follow-up management against CBRN threats. The research model was partially supplemented and utilized by the THIRA process adopted and utilized by the U.S. Department of Homeland Security among national-level disaster management plan development models. Korea's consequence management (CM) system encompasses risk and crisis management on disaster condition. The system has been carried out in the form of a civil, government and military integrated defense operations for the purpose of curbing the spread or use of CBRNs, responding to threats, and minimizing expected damages. The preventive stage call for the incorporation of CBRN concept and CM procedures into the national management system, supplementing the integrated alarm systems, preparation of evacuation facilities, and establishment of the integrated training systems. In the preparation phase, readjustment of relevant laws and manuals, maintenance of government organizations, developing performance procedures, establishing the on-site support systems, and regular training are essential. In the response phase, normal operations of the medical support system for first aid and relief, installation and operation of facilities for decontamination, and development of regional damage assessment and control guidelines are important. In the recovery phase, development of stabilization evaluation criteria and procedures, securing and operation of resources needed for damage recovery, and strengthening of regional damage recovery capabilities linked to local defense forces, reserve forces and civil defense committees are required.

• 한국공간정보시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2007.06a
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• pp.3-8
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• 2007

최근 도로 네트워크 환경에서 이동 객체 위치 정보를 관리하고 이동 객체의 미래 위치를 예측하는 이동 객체 위치 예측 시스템의 필요성이 나날이 증가되고 있다. 이동 객체위치 예측 시스템은 교통 관제 및 다양한 응급 상황 시 이동 객체의 미래 위치를 신속히 예측하기 위해 사용되며, 보다 편리한 위치 기반 서비스의 제공을 가능하게 해준다. 이러한 시스템을 위한 대부분의 미래 인덱싱 기법은 일반적으로 이동 객체의 미래 위치 예측을 위해 과거 이동 궤적을 이용하고 있다. 그러나, 수많은 이동 객체의 과거 이동 궤적 관리가 어렵고, 실시간으로 변화하는 이동 객체의 미래 궤적을 반영하기 위한 방대한 미래 인덱스의 갱신 요청으로 인해 인덱스 유지 비용이 증가하여 미래 위치 질의 요청에 대한 신속한 처리 성능이 떨어지게 된다. 따라서 본 논문에서는 이동 객체 위치 예측 시스템에서 방대한 이동 객체의 과거 이동 궤적으로부터 효율적으로 미래 위치를 예측하기 위해 셀 기반의 미래 인덱싱 방법인 PFCT-Tree(Probability Future Cell Trajectory-Tree)를 제시한다. PFCT-Tree는 방대한 과거 이동 궤적을 셀 단위로 재구성하여 인덱스 크기를 줄이고, 셀 내부 경험치를 기반으로 장기간 질의 시 빠른 미래 위치를 예측할 수 있다. 또한 신속한 미래 이동 궤적의 갱신 속도를 향상시키기 위해 미래 시간을 미래 궤적과 분리하여 인덱싱함으로써 위치 예측 오류로 인한 미래 인덱스 갱신 비용을 최소화 할 수 있다. 마지막으로 실험을 통해 도로 네트워크 환경에서 PFCT-Tree가 기존 인덱싱 기법들보다 갱신 및 검색 성능이 우수함도 입증하였다.ential oil (Bergamot, Grapefruit, Lemon, Petigrain)은 농도 의존적으로 ROS 생성을 증가시켰다. 이상의 결과를 종합하여 볼 때 citrus essential oil은 MSH에 의한 melanin 생성을 억제하는 것으로 보아 미백제로서의 개발 가능성이 있는 것으로 사료된다.가 사용될 수 있음을 제시한다.찍 발견되어 크기는 작았으며, 육안적으로 폴립의 Yamada 형태의 분류는 II, III의 형태를 띠고 있었다.EX>로 한반도 후기 백악기의 고지자기극$(Lat./Long.=70.9^{\circ}N/215.4^{\circ}E,\;A_{95}=5.3^{\circ})$의 위치와 유사하므로 암석의 생성 시기는 후기 백악기로 판단하였다. 한편 함평분지에 분포하는 백악기 화산암류에서는 한 개의 정자화 방향과 두 개의 역자화 방향이 확인되었다. 이들 특성잔류자화 방향은 백악기 화산암 형성 당시 암석에 기록된 성분으로써 당시 지구자기장의 상태를 기록한 것으로 해석하였으며, 이중 정자화 방향을 함평분지 화산암의 대표 방향으로 채택하였다 함평분지 화산암의 고지자기 극의 위치는 정자극의 경우는 $Lat./Long.=70.2^{\circ}N/199.5^{\circ}E,\;(K=18.1,\;A_{95}=9.6^{\circ})$ 이며 역자극의 경우는 $Lat./Long.=65.5^{\circ}S/251.3^{\circ}E,\;(K=7.1,\;A_{95}=20.7^{\circ})$이다. 이중 정자극의 위치는 한반도의 후기 백악기극의 위치와 통계적으로 동일한 것으로 나타나 함평분지 화산암

• Radiation Oncology Journal
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• v.24 no.4
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• pp.317-321
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• 2006

A case is reported of a man with malignant fibrous histiocytoma (MFH) in right thigh who developed streptococcal toxic shock syndrome (STSS) during postoperative radiotherapy. Before radiotherapy, a patient complained wax and wane lymphedema following wide excision of tumor mass which was confirmed as MFH. He took some nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drug (NSAID) for about one month. He suffered preexisting hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection, diabetes and well-controlled hypertension. The patient received conventional radiotherapy to right thigh with a total dose of 32.4 Gy at 1.8 Gy per day. At last radiotherapy fraction, cutaneous erythematous inflammation was suddenly developed at his affected thigh. At that time, he also complained of oliguria, fever and chills. The patient was consulted to internal medicine for adequate evaluation and management. The patient was diagnosed as suggested septic shock and admitted without delay. At admission, he showed hypotension, oliguria, constipation, abnormal renal and liver function. As a result of blood culture, Streptococcus pyogenes was detected. The patient was diagnosed to STSS. He was treated with adequate intravenous antibiotics and fluid support. STSS is one of oncologic emergencies and requires immediate medical intervention to prevent loss of life. In this patient, underlying HCV infection, postoperative lymphedema, prolonged NSAID medication, and radiotherapy may have been multiple precipitating factors of STSS.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea CI
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• v.47 no.6
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• pp.93-102
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• 2010

Existing web based information service system solutions show limitations in mobile information services, as well as problems such as uncertain error messages, and difficulty providing swift assistance or real time emergency support. In order to solve these deficiencies, a realtime wireless remote control system has been designed and implemented in this thesis, which is capable of managing and monitoring remote systems using mobile communication devices (Mobile Phone, PDA, Smart Phone) for realtime control. Proposed systems are applied at remote places, for instance 'office building', and a nursery school like 'kindergarten'. In the case of implemented at office building, it can be managing and controlling at real time all sorts of the sensor information that are installed at office building system environment through wire(web environment) or wireless(mobile device). In the other case at kindergarten system that are providing the real-time wireless remote control and monitoring system can be monitoring activity of kindergarten children with a mobile phone of authentication user. The security functions of proposed systems include mobile device user authentication and target system access control. The proposed systems allow real-time user authentication function and system access control function that improve the security of resource administrators and mobile device users, and provides not only uninterrupted services, but also real time mobile service environments.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.31 no.10
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• pp.931-938
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• 1998

Background: Anatomic correction of transposition of the great arteries by means of the arterial switch operation is now accepted as the therapeutic method of choice. This retrospective study attempts to assess the results of the neonatal arterial switch operation for transposition of the great arteries performed by our newly established institution. Materials and methods: 33 consecutive neonates underwent the arterial switch operation between October 1991 to November 1997. There were 27 neonates with transposition and intact ventricular septum, 3 with ventricular septal defect, and 3 with Taussig-Bing anomaly. The mean age was 10.9$\pm$7.9 days and mean body weight was 3.29$\pm$0.44kg. Results: Overall postoperative hospital mortality was 30.3% (10 patients). The mortality has improved with time; 75% (6 patients) among first 8 consecutive patients before 1994, 20% (2 patients) among 10 patients in 1994 and 1995, and 13.3% (2 patients) among 15 patients since 1996. Univariated analysis of risk factors revealed that earlier date of the operations and one of preoperative events were determinants for operative death. There were two late deaths. A mean follow-up of 17.4$\pm$16.5 months was achieved in all 21 survivors. All were in New York Heart Association functional class I. One patient had mild pulmonary stenosis and two had mild aortic valve regurgitation on their echocardiography. Conclusions: We concluded that we should continue to perform arterial switch operation for neonates with transposition of the great arteries because the mortality of the operation has been improved and the operative survivors have good functional results with low incidence of late complications.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.19 no.10
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• pp.483-489
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• 2018

Driving behaviors are reported to be vulnerable to safe driving in unexpected situations or driving in the city due to deterioration of physical and cognitive functions in elderly drivers. The purpose of this study was to investigate the difference in driving behaviors according to age of self-drivers and to identify changes in physical function related to driving caused by normal aging. The subjects of the study included 75 healthy adults (21 persons aged 20-39 years, 40 persons 40-64 years, 14 persons 65 years old) who were self-driving and possessed a driver's license. Data included sex, dominant hand, medication, exercise, age, and driving time obtained by a self-reported questionnaire. In addition, this study measured steering, acceleration and braking using a Driver Test Station. Results of the study showed there was no significant difference in power test according to age group, but the total time of the timer test and the emergency brake test significantly differed according to age. The timer test and emergency brake test were completed fastest in young adults between 20 and 39 years old and completed slowest in elderly people 65 years old or over. Based on our study results, it is suggested that normal aging affects the perceptual-cognitive processes associated with driving behaviors.

• Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.105-116
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• 2003

Definitely, treatment for gastric cancer is primarily surgical. Detection in early stage of disease and complete surgical resection is the best way to cure gastric cancer. If surgery is planned, careful preoperative evaluation and corrections of physiologic and psychologic abnormalities are essential to reduce perioperative morbidity or mortality. Basic principle of gastrectomy for gastric cancer is an en bloc resection of tumor with adequate margins of normal tissue and with regional lymph nodes and omental tissues. To complete these principles, regional lymph nodes and all omental tissues should be removed altogether during performing various types of gastric resection. The lymph node dissection is one of the most effective procedures for gastric cancer to achieve curative resection. The basic types of gastric resection are distal subtotal gastrectomy and total gastrectomy according to the condition of primary lesions and the status of lymph node metastases. When the primary lesion is located near the esophagogastric junction, it is sometimes hard for a surgeon to select adequate surgical method. Postoperative quality of life in a patient has become a very important factor to be considered in every step of surgical therapy. With increasing incidence of early gastric cancer, a number of surgical trials for limited surgery or endoscopic procedures have been performed, but the long-term clinical results should be carefully analyzed to define the clinical relevance of these new techniques. For patients with disseminated gastric cancer, a palliative procedure can be performed to improve quality of life of patients and to avoid immediate death due to the cancer-related complications.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.460-468
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• 2017

The purpose of this study was to compare the effects of class-based and simulation-based CPR education for the rural elderly on their attitudes toward CPR, self-efficacy, and satisfaction. Using a quasi-experimental design with a nonequivalent control group, this study used a pretest-posttest method with a sample of 43 elderly people aged 65 or older in rural areas. The twenty-two elderly people in the control group received class-based CPR education, while the experimental group underwent both class-based and simulation-based education. Both groups were given surveys to complete before and after the education. The statistical analysis was based on the $X^2$-test, Fisher's exact test, paired t-test, and ANCOVA. The study found no significant differences between the two groups in terms of their attitudes (F=0.89, p=.353). However, statistical differences were found in the self-efficacy (F=5.54, p=.025) and satisfaction (F=4.66, p=.039) between the two groups. This study provides the baseline data indicating that the education methods implemented in this study were effective for the elderly living in rural areas. Thus, it is necessary to make efforts to ensure that the elderly are able to manage emergency situations by boosting their CPR self-efficacy and educational satisfaction through simulation-based education.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.12 no.6
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• pp.375-384
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• 2014

This research was done to determine and analyze a qualitative on the essential structure of the experiences of stroke patients with combined treatment of oriental and western medicine. Methods: Participants in this study were targeting 25 stroke patients who live mostly in D city and received the combined treatment of oriental and western medicine, but received oriental medicine treatments based on their own wills. Data were collected and recorded through in-depth interviews. Data analysis was conducted by Colaizzi's phenomenological method. Results: As a result, their acculturation were classified into 21 clusters of theme and 6 categories. Selected 6 categories as follows. 'being severely shocked from sudden attack', 'being depressed with rehabilitation', 'western therapy was more effective in emergency situations', 'having limitations in western therapy', 'selecting oriental therapy for themselves', 'discovering the meaning of rehabilitation in oriental therapy'. Conclusion: Based on these necessary data for systematic oriental rehabilitation development.