• The Journal of the Acoustical Society of Korea
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• v.20 no.6
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• pp.94-103
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• 2001

The goal of using numerical methods in this study is two-fold: to replicate a set of measured, individualized HRTFs by a computer simulation, and also to visualise the resultant sound field around the head. Two methods can be wed: the Boundary Element Method (BEM) and the Infinite-Finite Element Method (IFEM). This paper presents the results of a preliminary study carried out on a KEMAR dummy-head, the geometry of which was captured with a high accuracy 3-D laser scanner and digitiser. The scanned computer model was converted to a few valid BEM and IFEM meshes with different polygon resolutions, enabling us to optimise the simulation for different frequency ranges. The results show a good agreement between simulations and measurements of the sound pressure at the blocked ear-canal of the dummy-head. The principle of reciprocity provides an effect method to simulate HRTF database. The BEM was also used to investigate the total sound field around the head, providing a tool to visualise the sound field for different arrangements of virtual acoustic imaging systems.

• Transactions of the Korean Society for Noise and Vibration Engineering
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• v.14 no.7
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• pp.586-603
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• 2004

One of the subtle problems that make noise control difficult for engineers is “the invisibility of noise or sound.” The visual image of noise often helps to determine an appropriate means for noise control. There have been many attempts to fulfill this rather challenging objective. Theoretical or numerical means to visualize the sound field have been attempted and as a result, a great deal of progress has been accomplished, for example in the field of visualization of turbulent noise. However, most of the numerical methods are not quite ready to be applied practically to noise control issues. In the meantime, fast progress has made it possible instrumentally by using multiple microphones and fast signal processing systems, although these systems are not perfect but are useful. The state of the art system is recently available but still has many problematic issues : for example, how we can implement the visualized noise field. The constructed noise or sound picture always consists of bias and random errors, and consequently it is often difficult to determine the origin of the noise and the spatial shape of noise, as highlighted in the title. The first part of this paper introduces a brief history, which is associated with “sound visualization,” from Leonardo da Vinci's famous drawing on vortex street (Fig. 1) to modern acoustic holography and what has been accomplished by a line or surface array. The second part introduces the difficulties and the recent studies. These include de-Dopplerization and do-reverberation methods. The former is essential for visualizing a moving noise source, such as cars or trains. The latter relates to what produces noise in a room or closed space. Another mar issue associated this sound/noise visualization is whether or not Ivecan distinguish mutual dependence of noise in space : for example, we are asked to answer the question, “Can we see two birds singing or one bird with two beaks?"

• The Journal of the Acoustical Society of Korea
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• v.35 no.4
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• pp.288-294
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• 2016

The space between tire and wheel guard acts as a path for tire pattern noise transmission. In this study, acoustic phenomenon occurring in the tire-wheel guard space is investigated using acoustic mode analysis and visualization of the sound pressure distribution over the wheel guard surface. We introduced a cavity over the wheel guard surface to reduce the tire pattern noise, where the cavity acts as an acoustic damper. The interior noise was reduced by 2 dB(A), and the noise control measures treated in this study may provide an efficient method to improve interior sound quality without increasing cost and weight at the final stage of the vehicle development.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Noise and Vibration Engineering Conference
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• 2007.11a
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• pp.617-621
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• 2007

Recent advances in automotive noise control engineering have reduced major sound sources in the vehicle, customers perceive Buzz, Squeak and Rattle (BSR) as one of important indicators of vehicle quality and durability. As the long-term goal, we expect to establish the integrated design cycle for the reduction of BSR noise in the early stage of development, which consist of design, prediction, and evaluation procedures. This is possible only with great bulk of experimental data for BSR noise. In this paper, BSR noise is experimentally identified for vehicle doors, which have been traditionally considered as one of main sources of BSR noise. Based on this result, we proposed method for the prevention of BSR noise in the vehicle doors.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers Conference
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• 2000.05b
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• pp.287-290
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• 2000

본 연구에서는 압전세라믹스와 금속판으로 구성된 음향트랜스듀서를 모델로 설정하고, 원형평판으로부터 방사되는 내부음장과 트랜스듀서의 외부로 방사되는 음향특성을 수치 해석하였다. 음향트랜스듀서의 내부 유니트를 요소 분할하며 경계조건을 적용시키고, 유한요소법을 이용하여 내부의 음장 분포와 음압 변화량을 가시화하였다. 그리고 트랜스듀서 외부로 방사되는 음압은 가상경계면 외부를 요소분할한 후 다양한 주파수에서 음압 기울기와 등압선을 수치해석하였다.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Noise and Vibration Engineering Conference
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• 2001.05a
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• pp.1197-1202
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• 2001

Near-field acoustic holography is a powerful tool to visualize sound sources. This method requires pressure measurement at many points for a good hologram. Thus one has to measure carefully so that errors due to the uncertainty of position, sensor mismatch, and so on are reduced. A method to solve this problem is to use a well-designed measurement system. This paper introduces a sound visualization system at center for noise and vibration control (NOVIC), KAIST, and addresses the advantages in terms of the error reduction. The system consists of array microphones, array jigs, a system to control the position and the velocity of the jigs, a data acquisition system, and a monitoring system. This paper also shows some sound visualization results when the system is applied to a speaker and a computer. The results verifies that the sound visualization system is useful for identifying sound sources.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Noise and Vibration Engineering Conference
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• 2004.05a
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• pp.63-63
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• 2004

기계류는 대개 부정형의 형상을 지니고 있으며, 또 표면이 모두 연결되어 있으므로, 진동하는 물체 표면상에서의 소음원 특성을 세밀히 파악하는 일은 매우 어려운 일이다. 음향 인텐시티나 공간 푸리에 변환을 이용하는 홀로그래피 기법 등의 어레이 마이크에 의한 기법들이 제안되었고 또 활용되고 있으나, 이는 어디까지나 음원에서 가까운 음장을 가상적인 음원면이라 보고 재구성하는 것이어서 실제 음원의 특성을 파악하는데 어려움이 있다. 이러한 문제점을 해결하기 위해 음원표면을 경계요소화 모델링을 하고, 어레이 마이크로 측정될 음장의 지점과 표면간의 관계를 수학적으로 정리한 후, 마이크에서 측정된 신호를 이용해 역으로 경계요소해석 계산을 수행하여 음원 특성을 파악하는 기법이 제안되었다. 본 발표에 있어서는 이와 같은 취지에서 ‘개발된 Inverse BEM을 이용한 NAH 기법’에 관한 개괄적인 내용을 설명하고, 그 적용 가능성 및 이 기법의 미래에 대해 설명하며, 다음과 같은 내용의 순서대로 설명된다: $\textbullet$ 각종 음원 파악 기법들의 특성과 이 방법이 필요한 이유 $\textbullet$일반 음향 holography 기법 (STSF)과의 차이점 $\textbullet$ 이론적 배경 개괄 $\textbullet$ 실제 적용 순서에 따른 방법의 설명 $\textbullet$ 후처리 결과물 $\textbullet$ 본 기법의 향후 과제 및 적용 방법의 개선

• Transactions of the Korean Society for Noise and Vibration Engineering
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• v.17 no.12
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• pp.1217-1222
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• 2007

With recent advance in automotive noise control engineering reducing major sound sources in the vehicle, customers perceive Buzz, Squeak and Rattle (BSR) as one of important indicators of vehicle quality and durability. As the long-term goal, we expect to establish the integrated design cycle for the reduction of the BSR noise in the early stage of vehicle development. which consist of design, prediction and evaluation procedures. This is possible only with great bulk of experimental data for BSR noise. In this paper, BSR noise is experimentally identified for vehicle doors, which have been traditionally considered as one of main sources of BSR noise. Based on this result, we proposed systematic method for the prevention of BSR noise in the vehicle doors.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Noise and Vibration Engineering Conference
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• 2005.11a
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• pp.629-632
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• 2005

What does sound look like if we can see it? It might depend on the acoustic variables we want to see. In this article, we propose various ways to visualize or express sound field in much more intuitive manner. In particular, new visualization schemes that can effectively visualize sound intensity and 3D pressure field are proposed. This allows us to represent sound pressure, particle velocity and acoustic conductance at the same time, even in three-dimensional coordinate. Visualization examples corresponding to the proposed techniques show that we can successfully transfer the meaning of physical variable to visual space.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Precision Engineering
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• v.26 no.11
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• pp.7-11
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• 2009