• Title/Summary/Keyword: 음식물 처리기

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Design of waste Sludge/Food Waste Biological Treatment Process using Closed ATAD System (밀폐형 ATAD system을 이용한 하수슬러지/음식물쓰레기 통합처리 공정 설계)

  • Kwon, Hyeok-Young;Ji, Young-Hwan;Song, Han-Jo;Kim, Seong-Jung
    • Journal of the Korea Organic Resources Recycling Association
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    • v.8 no.4
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    • pp.129-137
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    • 2000
  • In this study, biological treatment process of MWWT(Municipal wet-waste Treatment) has been developed through a moduling of the containerized closed ATAD(Auto thermal aerobic digestion) system & closed vertical dynamic acerator, which were used for food waste and cattle manure, respectively. Though biological process has several advantages such as low concentrations of heavy metals and salts, proper and stable C/N ratio and constant reaction rate against the process treating two wastes separately, it has a obstacles of salt concentration and much usage of bulking agent such as wood chip. After rapid oxidation in the boxed tower reactor for 5 days, the content of sewage sludge would be reduced 65% on around, might be mixed with the food waste that had been treated in the static closed reactor during 6 days and put in the secondary static reactor for curing. During composting process, the odor contained in the gas generated from the reactor was removed by passing it through a biofilter as well as the leachate was treated in the wastewater treatment facility. Consequently, it seemed to be possible to compost sewage sludge at mild and stable operating condition and at low cost through the biological ATAD process resulting in the production of organic compost satisfying the specifications regulated by itself.

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Slurry Phase Decomposition of Food Waste by Using Various Microorganisms (미생물을 이용한 액상소멸방식의 음식물쓰레기 처리)

  • Kwon, Bum Gun;Na, Suk-Hyun;Lim, Hye-Jung;Lim, Chae-Sung;Chung, Seon-Yong
    • Journal of Korean Society of Environmental Engineers
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    • v.36 no.5
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    • pp.303-310
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    • 2014
  • This study investigated the reduction of food waste through the slurry phase decomposition in a source of food waste by microorganisms. The reactor used in the experiment was composed of both woodchip with wood material and sponges with polyurethane material as media of attached microorganisms, and food waste was mixed with a constant cycle consisted of a stirring device. During the experimental period of 100 days, the change in weight over the cumulative total amount of food waste added was reduced by 99%. Approximately, 1% of the residual food waste could be inherently recalcitrant materials (cellulose, hemicellulose, lignin, etc.) and thus was thought to be the result of the accumulation. The initial pH in wastewater generated from food waste was low with 3.3 and after 24 hours treatment this pH was increased to 5.8. The concentrations of COD, BOD, SS, salinity, TN and TP were gradually decreased. Food waste decay was proceeded by the seven species microorganisms identified and confirmed in this study, making a slurry phase and thus reducing residual food wastes. In the initial phase, the microbial population was approximately $3.3{\times}10^4$ cell/mL, and after 15 days this population was a constant with $5.1{\times}10^6$ cell/mL which means a certain stabilization for the reduction of food wastes. From these results, it can be considered that organic matter decomposition as well as the weight loss of food wastes by microorganisms is done at the same time.

Physicochemical Characteristics and Estimation of H2S Emission Rate from Municipal Solid Waste at the Environmental Facilities in Busan City (부산지역 환경기초시설에서 발생하는 폐기물의 물리, 화학적 특성 규명 및 황화수소 발생량 예측에 관한 연구)

  • Lee, Taeyoon;Kim, Doyong;Kim, Jaejin;Lee, Junki
    • Journal of the Korean GEO-environmental Society
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    • v.10 no.2
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    • pp.13-20
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    • 2009
  • There have been increasing interests in the odor generation problems as concerns about the quality of life has been increased recently. Especially, approximately 67% of the odor complaints from environmental facilities are those from sewage treatment facilities and food waste treatment facilities. Moreover, sewage ocean dumping will be prohibited from 2012 by the international and domestic ocean laws, and thus, demand for alternative management plans is increasing. Therefore, it was first selected 5 sewage treatment facilities and 5 food waste treatment facilities where the amounts of waste are relatively immense in Busan, and collect their sludge samples. Then it was investigated the samples' physical and chemical characteristics through proximate analysis, elemental analysis, XRF analysis, and calorific value analysis. Finally, estimate the $H_2S$ emission rates were estimated in order to apply the results as the basic data for providing the fundamental solution for the oder complaints. As a result, the concentration of $H_2S$ in sewage sludge and in food waste treatment facility were 57.3 mg/kg and 19.7 mg/kg in average, respectively. Finally, the units of $H_2S$ in wastes stored in total 10 waste treatment facilities was estimated 16,017,910.0 mg/d.

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Discharge Standards of Kitchen-Disposer Wastewater by Treatment Types (디스포저(부엌용 오물분쇄기)-배수 전처리 방식 별 수질기준)

  • Chang, Ho Nam;Jeong, Chang Moon;Kang, Jong Won;Choi, Jin-dal-rae;Park, Young Sook;Ku, Ja-Kong
    • Journal of the Korea Organic Resources Recycling Association
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    • v.19 no.2
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    • pp.55-69
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    • 2011
  • Use of disposer at the kitchens of Korean apartments is inevitable in treating their foodwaste having a water content of more than 80%. Also we have to ensure that this extra disposer-foodwaste BOD loadings be treated properly by installing/operating a pre-treatment system before this wastewater enters public sewer system. However, the degree of BOD removal should not be excessive since a BOD/N ratio higher than 5 is required for removing N/P at a municipal wastewater treatment plant. The removal of BOD/N in the pretreatment system rather than BOD alone can be an alternative solution in solving this problem. The particles separated by sedimentation, screen or packed-bed can be anaerobically digested at apartment sites to generate biogas that can be used for simple digester heating and to generate volatile fatty acids (VFAs) for nitrogen removal. We suggest that Korean government grants a temporary license (say for 5 years) to foodwaste treatment companies in collaboration with apartment construction companies which may do business and develop various kinds of disposer-foodwaste treatment systems in diverse wastewater discharge systems of Korean apartments.

A Study on the Separation of Food-Waste Leachate into 3 Phases (음식물쓰레기 탈리액의 삼상분리)

  • Kim, Sangguk;Jeong, Minji;Kwon, Hyolee
    • 한국신재생에너지학회:학술대회논문집
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    • 2010.11a
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    • pp.197-197
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    • 2010
  • 음식물쓰레기의 삼성분은 수분, 휘발분, 회분이며 이들이 차지하는 비율은 계절, 지역별로 다소 상이하지만 수분 약 80%, 회분3%, 휘발분 17%이다. 음식물쓰레기 전처리과정으로 이물질제거, 탈수공정이 있으며 탈수공정에서 다량의 탈리액이 발생한다. 본 연구에서는 탈리액을 데칸타를 이용하여 1차로 원심분리하여 고.액 분리한 액을 실험대상으로 하였다. 실험대상 탈리액의 물성은 BOD 78,800[mg/l], COD 41,000[mg/l], 부유물질 25,900[mg/l], 총질소 928[mg/l]이었다. 탈리액에는 기름성분(육류, 식용유등), 입자상물질등이 포함되어 있으며 이들은 난분해성 유기물질로, 이를 제거하는데 기존의 처리방법으로 많은 어려움이 있어 주요한 수질오염 발생원이 되고 있다. 예를들면 하수처리장 폭기조 수면에 유막을 형성하여 산소공급을 방해함으로 미생물번식을 방해하는 요인이 된다. 본 연구는 음식물쓰레기 탈리액의 수분, 고형분, 유분으로의 삼상분리에 관한 것이다. 유분은 에멀젼형태로 안정되게 수층에 분산되어 존재한다. 미세기포를 이용한 부상법의 경우 미세기포 표면과 유분의 화학적친화력이 낮아 기포표면에 유분이 잘 부착되지 않으며, 원심분리 방법만으로는 유분 분리효율이 낮고, 추출에 의한 분리시 추출액이 다량 소요되고 처리시간이 길며 추출액 비용이 많이 소요된다. 탈리액을 유분, 슬러지, 수분으로 분리하면 환경오염을 일으키는 주요성분을 신재생에너지 원료로 활용할 수 있다. 유분의 주성분이 동식물성 유지이므로 전처리시 산촉매를 이용 수분과 유리지방산을 제거하고 염기성촉매를 이용하여 전이에스테르화 반응을 거치면 바이오디젤인 FAME과 글리세롤으로 변환하므로 글리세롤을 분리하면 바이오디젤을 얻을 수 있다. 슬러지는 입자상 물질로 착화가 잘 되고 건조하면 발열량이 높으며 중금속등에 오염되지 않아 청정연료로 활용이 가능하다. 실험실에서의 탈리액 삼상분리방법은 다음과 같다. 탈리액 30ml당 추출액으로 노말헥산을 1ml를 가한 다음 플라스크에서 $80^{\circ}C$로 가열 후 방냉한다. 가열중 노말헥산의 손실을 방지하기 위하여 증발가스를 콘덴서에서 응축하여 플라스크로 재순환한다. 탈리액을 플라스크에서 꺼내어 원심분리기 rack에 300-400g씩 병에 각각 넣고 4,000rpm으로 30분간 운전한다. 탈리액은 상부로부터 유분층, 미세입자층, 수층, 슬러지층으로 분리된다. 각 층의 계면에서 2종의 성분이 약간 섞일 수 있다. 유분을 분리한 후 유분층 잔존물과 미세입자층, 수층 상층부의 혼합물을 취하여 50g씩 병에 넣고 3,500rpm으로 10분간 운전한 후 유분을 분리한다. 마지막으로 미세입자층만을 3,500rpm으로 10분간 원심분리한 후 유분을 따로 분리한다. 얻어진 유분은 rotary evaporator에서 $120^{\circ}C$로 가열하여 유분과 노말헥산을 분리하며 분리효율을 제고하기 위하여 감압하에서 운전한다. 분리된 유분의 고위발열량이 9,450[Kcal/kg]이었으며 원소분석 결과 탄소 74.7%, 수소 12.55%, 질소 0.08%, 유황분 0.0003%이었다. 분리된 유분의 양은 계절별로 시료별로 다르며 가을철에는 1.6-1.9%, 여름철은 1.0-1.3%이었다. 분리된 슬러지로부터 Hg, As, Cr, Cd, Pb 중금속 성분이 검출되지 않았으며 수분 2.8%, 휘발분 76.85%, 회분 7.52%, 고정탄소 12.83%이었고 원소분석결과 탄소 45.25%, 수소 7.46%, 질소 5.05%, 산소 34.39%, 유황분 0.33%이었으며 저위발열량은 4,480[Kcal/kg]이었다. 분리된 슬러지 양은 11-19% 이었다.

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Effects of Methionine Hydroxy Analogue on changes of Characteristics of food wastes in Incubator (메치오닌 수산화물의 첨가가 남은 음식물의 보관 중 성상변화에 미치는 영향)

  • Lee, H.J.;Kim, H.S.;Jeong, H.Y.;Kang, S.W.;Ki, K.S.;Cho, K.K.;Cho, J.S.;Hong, Z.S.;Jin, M.G.;Lee, H.G.;Choi, Y.J.
    • Journal of the Korea Organic Resources Recycling Association
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    • v.10 no.3
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    • pp.59-67
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    • 2002
  • This study was carried out to improve the utilization of food wastes known as major source of environmental pollution and to determine proper additional levels of methionine hydroxy analogue(MHA) on food wastes. 1%, 3% and 5% of MHA were added to 3 groups of food wastes gathered from small cafeteria. Each group has 3 reiteration. NaCl contents were tended to get higher as addition levels increased(p<0.05). And pH values were tended to get lower as additional levels increased(p<0.05). $NH_3-N$ contents were significantly decreased as additional levels increased(p<0.05). Total VFA(Volatile Fatty Acid) content was increased after 30 days of storage on control. On MHA treatments(1, 3, 5%), total VFA contents were decreased until 15 days of storage, and kept low values until the end of experiment. In terms of superficial change, mildew covered all over control, and covered by thin mildew on the surface of 1% MHA treatment. No superficial change found on 3% and 5% MHA treatments. In conclusion, over 1% addition of MHA was effective to prevent the decay and degeneration of food wastes.

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Biological treatment process for Food wastewater Using ER-1 bioreactor (다단 수직형 호기성반응기(ER-1)를 이용한 음식물 폐수의 생물학적 처리기술)

  • Lee, Jae-ki;Choi, Hong-Bok;Shin, Eung-Bai;Park, Ju-Hyoung;Choi, Eun-Ju;Kim, Jung-Rae;Park, Young-Sook
    • Journal of the Korea Organic Resources Recycling Association
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    • v.14 no.4
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    • pp.113-120
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    • 2006
  • Wastewater generated through the food waste recycling process have known high concentration, BOD 20,000~150,000 mg/L, which has to treat to the proper level because of a ban on reclamation. But it is impossible to treat less than 10 days by existing water treatment plant. Ecodays Ltd. is to treat this wastewater during 2~4 days by ER-1, which can simultaneously induce the modified PFR(Plug Flow Reactor) of the oxygen transfer rate, MLVSS concentration, and influent concentration to top from bottom of reactor. We tested the pilot test about low concentration food wastewater(BOD 16,500 mg/L) and high concentration food wastewater(64,431 mg/L) at the food waste recycling plant of H-Gun(20t/d). Hydraulic retention time(HRT) of ER-1 for low concentration food wastewater is 2.5day. In low concentration conditions, ER-1 treatment efficiency is to appear BOD 99%, COD 98%, TN 97%, and TP 96%. While ER-1 process for high concentration food wastewater treatment is composed 2 stages, which are to be HRT 2.5day for law wastewater and HRT 1.5 day for secondary treatment. In high concentration conditions, ER-1 treatment efficiency is to appear BOD 97%, COD 84%, TN 66%, and TP 95%. It is treated without temperature control about high temperature($50^{\circ}C$) to appear low treatment efficiency in high concentration conditions.

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Environmental Impacts of Food Waste Compost Application on Paddy Soil (음식물쓰레기 퇴비 시용이 논토양에 미치는 영향)

  • So, Kyu-Ho;Seong, Ki-Seog;Seo, Myung-Chul;Hong, Seung-Gil
    • Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
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    • v.40 no.1
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    • pp.85-94
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    • 2007
  • To determine the influence of food waste compost (FWC) application on paddy soil, FWC was applied to the paddy soil and then compared with farmer's practice as to the effects on rice and soil environment. Initially, pig manure compost (PMC) had high content of phosphorus ($15g\;kg^{-1}$) and potassium ($23g\;kg^{-1}$), while FWC had high content of total nitrogen ($13g\;kg^{-1}$) and salinity ($18.5g\;kg^{-1}$). Comparison was also made between chemical fertilizer and FWC use as a trial in the paddy field under the clay loam and sandy loam soil. In the panicle formation stage, chemical fertilizer application was proper in clay loam while PMC application was proper in sandy loam. However, chemical fertilizer produced higher yield compared to compost treatment, both on clay loam and sandy loam with 20~25% and 17~19%, respectively. The lower yield in sandy loam maybe due to slow mineralization of compost such that the crop did not effectively use it. Organic matter content in paddy soil after experiment was higher in FWC and PMC plots compared to that in chemical fertilizer plots. But the other soil properties were comparable. Therefore, the FWC compost had little effect on soil when it use as a trial in paddy field. Likewise, after the application of FWC as a trial, analysis of nitrate nitrogen and ammonium nitrogen in the surface water and 60 cm depth of paddy soil water nine days after planting was done. Results revealed that concentration of ammonium nitrogen was similar to irrigation water while nitrate nitrogen concentration was not detected, and hence did not contribute to water pollution. It is concluded that the application of FWC in the paddy field had not affected on environmental pollution in the paddy field. But its use as compost during rice culture reduced yield quantity. Such study should include selection of compost material, amount and method of compost application.

A Study on the User Experience of Food Waste at Home (가정에서의 음식물류 폐기물 처리에 대한 사용자 경험 연구)

  • Jeon, Eun-Ha;Yang, Sung-Ho
    • Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
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    • v.11 no.7
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    • pp.79-87
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    • 2020
  • The environmental problems caused by food waste have been a steady social issue, and the severity of the problem emerged as the 2013 London Convention banned the marine emissions of waste water. The government implemented measures related to food waste, but prior studies showed that it lacked continuity and lacked strategies for each area of occurrence, and emphasized that citizens' participation is important to implement effective reduction policies. Therefore, this study proposed a food waste disposal machine through user experience analysis as a way to induce civic participation. To this end, the design development direction was outlined in this study after the pre-research and user survey stages through FGI and user journey maps. Based on this, the proposed treatment machine facilitates the frequent discharge of waste and simplifies the process of food waste in the home. In addition, the moment of direct contact between the user and waste is only the point at which the waste is released to the handler, thereby minimizing the negative experience the user has experienced.

A Study on the Development of Bulking Agent for an Disappearance Type Food Waste Disposer (소멸형 잔반처리기 수분조정제 개발에 관한 연구)

  • Chae, Seong Joon;Moon, Jeong Ho;Park, Yun Seo;Park, Sang Kyu;Oh, Seong Hoon
    • Journal of the Korea Organic Resources Recycling Association
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    • v.5 no.1
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    • pp.33-42
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    • 1997
  • It is not long since treatment of food waste became a social problem. However, it is a fact that there have been a lot of debates on the treatment of food waste since several years ago. At present, two ways of disposing food waste are under great interest in Korea and Japan. One is drying of food waste at high temperature. The other is disappearance type, in which analysis by microorganism takes place with continuous supply of a bulking agent for a certain period of time that was stored in a reactor. In our laboratory, Disappearance type Food Waste Disposer is under interest, and experiments regarding condition establishment for efficient analysis of food waste were conducted. As preceding experimentation, experiments were done with regard to the selection of a substance to be used as a bulking agent, improvement by addition of a substance which maximizes initial growth of microorganism, and a concentration change in rank odors generated by reaction with deodorizer (absorbent). The results turned out to be satisfactory.

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