• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.328-334
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• 2016

This research is studied the systemic production method of missing teeth and ridge lap type pontic for the maintenance and restoration of normal function of the surrounding tissue as the goal of prosthetic treatment. According to the dentists' opinions, with the illustrated design criteria that pontic has to be equipped, inflammation, periodontal disease, food residues, and self-cleaning effect are obtained a better result than the conventional production method. The pontic production method presented in this paper is considered good enough to be applied to a clinically.

• Journal of Korean Society of Environmental Engineers
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• v.36 no.5
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• pp.303-310
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• 2014

This study investigated the reduction of food waste through the slurry phase decomposition in a source of food waste by microorganisms. The reactor used in the experiment was composed of both woodchip with wood material and sponges with polyurethane material as media of attached microorganisms, and food waste was mixed with a constant cycle consisted of a stirring device. During the experimental period of 100 days, the change in weight over the cumulative total amount of food waste added was reduced by 99%. Approximately, 1% of the residual food waste could be inherently recalcitrant materials (cellulose, hemicellulose, lignin, etc.) and thus was thought to be the result of the accumulation. The initial pH in wastewater generated from food waste was low with 3.3 and after 24 hours treatment this pH was increased to 5.8. The concentrations of COD, BOD, SS, salinity, TN and TP were gradually decreased. Food waste decay was proceeded by the seven species microorganisms identified and confirmed in this study, making a slurry phase and thus reducing residual food wastes. In the initial phase, the microbial population was approximately $3.3{\times}10^4$ cell/mL, and after 15 days this population was a constant with $5.1{\times}10^6$ cell/mL which means a certain stabilization for the reduction of food wastes. From these results, it can be considered that organic matter decomposition as well as the weight loss of food wastes by microorganisms is done at the same time.

• KSBB Journal
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.97-101
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• 2007

This study was performed to examine the availability of anaerobic digestion of the remainders caused by bacterial cellulose production process using food wastes. They maybe to be considered as others second pollution sources. Thus, this study was targeted to minimize content of organic material and to obtain more energy in those remnants using two-phase UASB reactor. The working volume of first hydrolysis fermentor was 35 L (total 55 L) and the second methane fermentor was 40 L (total 50 L). The organic loading rate of hydrolysis fermentor was 3 g-VS/L${\cdot}$day and 25,000 ppm of $COD_{cr}$ for methane fermentor. The hydraulic retention time was 18 days for hydrolysis reactor and 33 days for methane reactor. The hydrolysis reactor and methane reactor were performed at 35, 40$^{\circ}C$ respectively. For the efficient stable performance, the composition of organic wastes at each stage was as follow; Food waste with bacterial culture remnants (1 : 1), bacterial cellulose remnants, bacterial cellulose culture remnants with food wastes saccharified solids (1 : 1). When the anaerobic digestion was performed stably at each stage, the COD removal efficiency was 88, 90, 91 % respectively. At this time, methane production rate was 0.26, 0.34, $0.32m^3\;CH_4/kg-COD_{remove}$. As well as the values of anaerobic digestion at third stage were more higher than values of anaerobic digestion using food wastes. It is clearly to say that the food wastes zero-emission system constructed in our lab is more efficient way to treat and reclaim food wastes.

• Journal of the Korea Organic Resources Recycling Association
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• v.8 no.4
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• pp.78-85
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• 2000

Leachate from acidogenic fermentation of food waste was effectively treated by the UASB reactor at $37^{\circ}C$. The efficiency of COD removal was consistently over 96% up to the loading rates of $15.8g\;COD/{\ell}{\cdot}d$. The methane production rate increased to $5.5{\ell}/{\ell}{\cdot}d$. Of all the COD removed, 92% was converted to methane and the rest presumably to biomass. At loading rates over $18.7g\;COD/{\ell}{\cdot}d$, the efficiency of COD removal decreased due to the sludge flotation and washout in the reactor, which resulted from short HRT of less than 10.6 hr. The SMA(specific methanogenic activity) analysis showed that the VFA-degrading activity of granule was the highest for butyrate, and the lowest for propionate. This result was consistent with the observation that the residual propionate concentration was the highest among the VFAs in the effluent. Typical granules were found to be mainly composed of microcolonies of Methanosaeta. Though the original seed sludge contained 64.3% of particles smaller than 1.4mm, the sludge particles had been growing during the fermentation, and at the final step of this study, 75.1% of the particles were found to be larger than 1.4 mm in the UASB reactor.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Food Science of Animal Resources Conference
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• 2004.05a
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• pp.287-290
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• 2004

매년 수입닭고기 국내 유통량의 증가에 따른 국내산과 수입산의 외형적인 색도 차이를 분석하고자 국내산 신선육과 국내산 냉동 닭고기, 수입산 냉동 닭고기의 뼈 및 근육 가죽의 색도 차이를 분석하였다. 국내산의 신선닭다리 뼈의 명도 L 값은 56.04로 밝은 반면 냉동상태인 수입닭 뼈는 40.34 및 국내산 냉동은 38.58로서 명도값이 떨어졌다(P<0.05). 적색도 a 값도 국내산 신선닭의 2.81로서 월등히 낮은 값을 보였다(p<0.05). 수입 닭고기 다리뼈의 단면 색은, 국내산 냉동 뼈의 명도값이 37.50으로 가장 높게 나타났으며, 신선 닭고기와과 미국산 냉동육 뼈 단면의 명도 값은 낮게 나타났다(P<0.05). 적색도 a 값은과 황색도 b 값에서도 차이를 보이지 않았다. 닭다리 근육의 명도값은 국내산과 수입육간에 차이를 보이지 않았으나, 적색도 a 값은 국내산 신선육이 6.99로서 수입 냉동육 9.72 및 국내산 냉동 11.31 보다 훨씬 낮게 나타났다(P<0.05). 황색도 b 값에서도 국내산 신선육이 12.76으로 낮았다. 수입 닭고기는 일반적으로 냉동상태로 수입 및 유통되기 때문에 장시간 냉동에 의해 약간 검붉은 빛깔을 띠며, 광택이 없지만, 국내산 닭고기는 신선냉장상태로 유통되기 때문에 육색이 밝고 광택이 있어 보인다. 특히, 수입 닭고기 중 미국산 다리부위는 정육이 아닌 주로 뼈가 포함된 닭다리 형태로 비닐말이에 종이박스로 포장되어 수입되는 실정으로 장기간 냉동으로 건조가 될 뿐만 아니라 냉동과정 중, 뼈속에 잔류하는 혈액성분이 남아있어 일반적으로 수입닭고기는 검붉게 보이는 특성이 있다. 이러한 뼈와 근육 및 가죽에 의한 색도의 차이에 따른 특성으로 국내산과 수입산의 외형상의 차이가 있는 것으로 나타났다.rhamnose의 생합성 과정을 예상할 수 있었다.되어 있는 양 정도의 콜레스테롤을 추가적으로 보상시킬 수 있다고 하는데, 이는 달걀 이외의 음식물에서도 섭취되는 콜레스테롤 양을 감안할 때 하루 총 1,000~1,500mg에 해당하는 양이다. 뿐만 아니라 이중 일부 사람들은 일반적인 식단 하에서 6개의 달걀을 추가하여 섭취하여도 혈중 콜레스테롤 수준이 높아지지 않는다고 한다. 여러 나라에서 아직도 일률적으로 권장되는, 음식물을 통한 일당 콜레스테롤 섭취량을 최고 300mg으로 제한해야 한다는 것은 건강인에 있어서는 앞에서 언급한 바와 같은 생리적인 피이드-백 기작으로 말미암아 혈중 콜레스테롤 수준을 저하시키지 못하거나 미미한 정도에 불과하다. 혈중 콜레스테롤 수준이 정상적인 범위인 180~240 mg/dl에 해당하는 대부분의 건강인에게도 콜레스테롤이 많이 함유된 달걀이나 기타 축산물을 이용한 식품의 지속적인 섭취를 적극 피하도록 권장하는 것은 국민보건상 별로 큰 위미가 없다고 생각한다. 왜냐하면 이로 말미암아 국민 건강상 문제점이 크게 향상되었다는 연구보고는 아직 발견되지 않고 있기 때문이다. 더욱이 동물성 콜레스테롤 다량 함유식품인 달걀, 우유, 유제품 및 육류 등의 섭취를 꺼리게 되면 이들 식품들이 영양생리학상 매우 중요한 양질의 영양소를 많이 함유하고 있기 때문에 여러 중요한 필수 영양소의 공급상태를 뚜렷히 감소시키게 된다. 병적으로 혈중 콜레스테롤의 수준이 높은 사람은 관상성 심장병의 발병 내지는 심장경색에 의한 사망에 대한 통계학적 위험성이 증가된다. 고콜레스테롤 혈증(청, 중년층의 경우 260mg /dl 이상) 환자중 많은 사람들은 대부분 음식물을 통한 다량의 콜레스테롤 섭취에 의해 혈중 콜레스테롤 수준이 높아진 것이 아니고

• Journal of the Korea Organic Resources Recycling Association
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.95-111
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• 2004

This research sought to determine the status of the installation and operation of composting facilities of domestic public resource-making facilities and come up with corresponding improvement measures. The composting facilities were the most extensively installed of related facilities with over a 0.5 ton treated volume per day. The monthly and yearly carry-in volume of food waste were found to stand at 1,101.7 tons per day and 930.9 tons per day, thus falling short of the average planned volume of 1,270.9 tons. Many composting facilities, which were installed in areas for which factory registration were not approved, did not get approvals. Composting facilities underwent operation stoppage mainly due to faulty fermentation and crushing equipment. Mainly metals contained in food waste caused faults to the crushing equipment, thus requiring a facility designing against faults and corrosion. The initial water content was found to stand at 50-60%, thus complying with the requirement. However, since the composting food waste had an appropriate mixture of sawdust, food waste, and returned compost, it should meet the initial conditions. For fermentation facilities, the duration time for fermentation was 15 days, and post-fermentation tanks required 21 days of duration time, thus establishing the minimum criteria. However, some facilities did not meet the requirements, taking more time in decomposition, thus suggesting a need to determine the duration time according to facilities. In composting food waste, microorganism-based thermal oxidizer-operated fermentation tanks should be used to ensure an economic operation. On the contrary, 14 out of 25 survey targets heated fermentation tanks in any form. These thermal facilities contain the growth of bacteria, lowering chemical reaction in composting; thus composting facilities should be basically designed to use microorganism-based thermal oxidizers in drying water. An average daily volume of food waste and supplementary materials that was injected in producing compost was 22.8 tons. This volume produced 7.3 tons of compost per day, decreasing 68%. Properties of produced compost were analyzed by its color, absence or presence of remaining decomposition heat, and smell, to assess the quality. As a result, the composting process was not properly installed nor operated in about 50% of composting facilities. Compost should be produced to be soil-friendly.

• Journal of Dental Rehabilitation and Applied Science
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• v.29 no.3
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• pp.308-316
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• 2013

The purpose of this study is to investigate the production method of posterior bridges pontic ridge lap type which prevents the infection in bridge pontic base and is able to cleanse itself, in the process of producing final prothesis that maintains healthy mucous membrane of oral cavity and interproximal papilla, minimizing diastema, is aesthetic and has no effect on pronunciation. New technology is applied to make optimal pontic base which prevent inflammation and clean itself and its products were clinically evaluated in 10 places of dental clinics in busan and gyeongnam. The making of posterior 3 unit bridge pontic base, it was presented as the new technology of forming ridge lab type and to carry out clinical validation, existing conventional method and the new technology were compared. Pontic base made with the existing conventional method cause infection and other periodontal disease by 96% but the pontic base made with the new technology cause infection and other periodontal disease by 3%. Remains of food cause infection and other periodontal disease 100% by the existing conventional method and 91% by the new technology, showing a distinct difference. However, after a gargle, the new technology had low 13%. Additionally, the pontic base made with the existing conventional method showed 71% of chance, the new technology method showed 8% of chance in terms of self-cleansing.