• Journal of Digital Convergence
• /
• v.17 no.4
• /
• pp.123-136
• /
• 2019

This study is to provide a method to increase the credit rating of the company by examining and managing the executive competency of the CEO of SMEs and Venture Firms. We analyzed the importance and priority of AHP by surveying bank loan staff and CEOs. According to the analysis results, ethics management, strategic thinking, and expertise level were the highest in the relative importance of bank loan staff. The relative importance of CEOs was higher in order of marketing, bank transaction reliability, and financing. Result of this study is similar to the relative importance of the previous research. This study suggests to disclosing credit rating system and reflect the opinions of the CEO in order to protect financial consumers. The significance of this study is to present the factors and the importance that can help to develop advanced models.

• Journal of the Economic Geographical Society of Korea
• /
• v.12 no.4
• /
• pp.681-701
• /
• 2009

There were three banks that had the head office in Busan since 1912, Gyong-Nam Bank, Dong-Rae Bank and Busan Commercial Bank. This article tries to catch hold of the characteristics of the establishment and management, and the merging process of three banks. The main stockholders and managers made use of the money of the banks for the enterprises that they operated. Gyong-Nam Bank was combined with Dae-Gu Bank in 1928 to be Dae-Gu Commercial & Industrial Bank. The revised bank ordinance of 1928 regulated that the head office banks had to meet the requirement of the paid-in capital, 2 million yen. Not meeting such an excessive requirement, Dong-Rae Bank was amalgamated to Ho-Nam Bank of Gwang-Ju in 1933. Busan Commercial Bank was absorbed in Cho-Sun Commercial Bank in 1935 because it couldn't get back huge loan from a company which belonged to its three main stockholders. Japanese were already the main stockholders of Cho-Sun Commercial Bank from the beginning of 1920s. The banking agencies were not able to deal with the economic fluctuations effectively, and didn't have any economic organization in support of their profit. Cho-Sun Government-General forced the head office banks to be merged to control the colonial economy.

• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship
• /
• v.18 no.5
• /
• pp.77-90
• /
• 2023

This study aims to investigate the potential of alternative credit assessment through Social Networking Sites (SNS) as a complementary tool to conventional loan review processes. It seeks to discern the impact of SNS usage characteristics and loan product attributes on credit loan repayment. To achieve this objective, we conducted a binomial logistic regression analysis examining the influence of SNS usage patterns, loan characteristics, and personal attributes on credit loan conditions, utilizing data from Company A's credit loan program, which integrates SNS data into its actual loan review processes. Our findings reveal several noteworthy insights. Firstly, with respect to profile photos that reflect users' personalities and individual characteristics, individuals who choose to upload photos directly connected to their personal lives, such as images of themselves, their private circles (e.g., family and friends), and photos depicting social activities like hobbies, which tend to be favored by individuals with extroverted tendencies, as well as character and humor-themed photos, which are typically favored by individuals with conscientious traits, demonstrate a higher propensity for diligently repaying credit loans. Conversely, the utilization of photos like landscapes or images concealing one's identity did not exhibit a statistically significant causal relationship with loan repayment. Furthermore, a positive correlation was observed between the extent of SNS usage and the likelihood of loan repayment. However, the level of SNS interaction did not exert a significant effect on the probability of loan repayment. This observation may be attributed to the passive nature of the interaction variable, which primarily involves expressing sympathy for other users' comments rather than generating original content. The study also unveiled the statistical significance of loan duration and the number of loans, representing key characteristics of loan portfolios, in influencing credit loan repayment. This underscores the importance of considering loan duration and the quantity of loans as crucial determinants in the design of microcredit products. Among the personal characteristic variables examined, only gender emerged as a significant factor. This implies that the loan program scrutinized in this analysis does not exhibit substantial discrimination based on age and credit scores, as its customer base predominantly consists of individuals in their twenties and thirties with low credit scores, who encounter challenges in securing loans from traditional financial institutions. This research stands out from prior studies by empirically exploring the relationship between SNS usage and credit loan repayment while incorporating variables not typically addressed in existing credit rating research, such as profile pictures. It underscores the significance of harnessing subjective, unstructured information from SNS for loan screening, offering the potential to mitigate the financial disadvantages faced by borrowers with low credit scores or those ensnared in short-term liquidity constraints due to limited credit history a group often referred to as "thin filers." By utilizing such information, these individuals can potentially reduce their credit costs, whereas they are supposed to accrue a more substantial financial history through credit transactions under conventional credit assessment system.

• Proceedings of the Korea Inteligent Information System Society Conference
• /
• 2006.06a
• /
• pp.176-182
• /
• 2006

본 연구에서는 기존 Bagging Predictors에 수정을 가한 Modified Bagging Predictors를 이용하여 SOHO 에 대한 부도예측 모델을 제시한다. 대기업 및 중소기업에 대한 기압부도예측 모델에 대한 많은 선행 연구가 있어왔지만 SOHO 만의 기업부도예측 모델에 관한 연구는 미비한 상태이다. 금융기관들의 대출심사시 대기업 및 중소기업과는 달리 SOHO에 대한 대출심사는 이직은 체계화되지 못한 채 신용정보점수 등의 단편적인 요소를 사용하고 있는 것에 현실이고 이에 따라 잘못된 대출로 안한 금융기관의 부실화를 초래할 위험성이 크다. 본 연구에서는 실제 국내은행의 SOHO 데이터 집합이 사용되었다. 먼저 기업부도 예측 모델에서 우수하다고 연구되어진 인공신경망과 의사결정나무 추론 기법을 적용하여 보았지만 만족할 만한 성과를 이쓸어내지 못하여, 기존 기업부도예측 모델연구에서 적용이 미비하였던 Bagging Predictors와 이를 개선한 Modified Bagging Predictors를 제시하고 이를 적용하여 보았다. 연구결과,; SOHO 부도예측에 있어서 본 연구에서 제시한 Modified Bagging Predictors 가 인공신경망과 Bagging Predictors등의 기존 기법에 비해서 성과가 향상됨을 알 수 있었다. 제시된 Modified Bagging Predictors의 유용성을 확인하기 위해서 추가적으로 대수의 공개 데이터 집합을 활용하여 성능을 비교한 결과 Modified Bagging Predictors 가 기존의 Bagging Predictors 에 비해 일관적으로 성과가 향상됨을 알 수 있었다.

• KDI Journal of Economic Policy
• /
• v.29 no.1
• /
• pp.177-196
• /
• 2007

This paper investigates the cyclical patterns of buffer capital using an unbalanced panel data for the banks in 30 OECD countries and 7 non-OECD Asian countries. We test whether the relationships between buffer capital and business cycle are systematically different across country groups controlling for other potential determinants of bank capital. We find that the correlation is positive for developed countries while it is negative for Asian developing countries. These findings suggest that, once Basel II is implemented, developing countries are more likely to observe an increase in output volatility. We then review the policy recommendations to mitigate the procyclicality problem of Basel II.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
• /
• v.21 no.6
• /
• pp.91-102
• /
• 2020

This study constructed production frontiers of inputs and outputs in a sequential manner, measured inefficiencies by applying a non-radial sequential weighted Russell directional distance function to these frontiers, and analyzed Luenberg productivity indices and the contribution of each of input and output factor based on these distances. The results are as follows. First, the productivity of banks increased due to technical changes after the global financial crisis. Second, productivity growth decreased between 2009 and 2014 due to technical changes after the recession, as previous studies have shown that technology progressed before the global financial crisis but then largely decreased or remained the same thereafter. After 2014, the productivity of banks improved. This result may be due to both technology improvement after 10 years of stagnation and reduction of inputs and non-performing loans. Third, the 3.6% annual of productivity growth for 10 years was comprised of 1.77% household loans, 0.67% corporate loans, 0.98% manpower, 1.18% non-performing loans, -0.5% total deposits, and -1.25% securities. Finally, this study has limitations since it could not control risks such as capital structure and interest volatility.

• KDI Journal of Economic Policy
• /
• v.14 no.1
• /
• pp.191-212
• /
• 1992

This paper discusses the role of money in the process of capital accumulation where financial markets are impeded by contract enforcement problems in the context of overlapping generations framework. In particular, in less developed countries (LDCs) creditors may know little about the repayment capability of potential debtors due to incomplete information so that financial instruments other than money may not acceptable to them. In this paper the impediments to the operation of the private finanical markets are explicitly modelled. We argue that creditors cannot observe actual investment decisions made by the potential borrowers, and as a result, loan contracts may not be fully enforceable. Therefore, a laissez-faire regime may fail to provide the economy with the appropriate financial instruments. Under these circumstances, we introduce a government operated discount window (DW) that acts as an open market buyer of private debt. This theoretical structure represents the practice of governments of many LDCs to provide loans (typically at subsidized interest rates) to preferred borrowers either directly or indirectly through the commercial banking system. It is shown that the DW can substantially overcome impediments to trade which are caused by the credit market failure. An appropriate supply of the DW loan enables producers to purchase the resources they cannot obtain through direct transactions in the credit market. This result obtains even if the DW is subject to the same enforcement constraint that is responsible for the market failure. Thus, the DW intervention implies higher investment and output. However, the operation of the DW may cause inflation. Furthermore, the provision of cheap loans through the DW results in a worse income distribution. Therefore, there is room for welfare enhancing schemes that utilize the higher output to develop. We demonstrate that adequate lump sum taxes-cum-transfers along with the operation of the DW can support an allocation that is Pareto superior to the laissez-faire equilibrium allocation.

• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship
• /
• v.8 no.4
• /
• pp.37-47
• /
• 2013

This study investigates regional financial markets and proposes some policy measures for boosting up the regional financial system. Financial supports for start-ups, small and medium sized enterprises(SMEs) in early stage growth have been constrained due to expanded financial gaps among regions during financial restructuring period. The bank consolidation through M&A is associated with widening financial gaps between Seoul area and others, and between regions where regional banks survives or not. Loans to small firms are associated with relationship lending techniques that may be better supported by smaller regional banks. The loan rate to SMEs in locals where regional banks are activated has tended to be 10%point higher than the locals where regional banks closed, and also drive the greater contribution for preventing local capital outflow and promoting local capital investment by local penetrating strategy. Government should develop regional financial policies to boost up regional financial system, and expand the business area of regional financial institutions for supporting start-ups and SMEs.

• The Journal of Information Technology
• /
• v.5 no.3
• /
• pp.97-119
• /
• 2002

It is Study Service Model for Case Study of Internet Bank. With most major full service banks having launched transactional Internet banking, attention is shifting to the realities of managing the Internet channel as a profitable component of an overall delivery strategy. In addition to examining Case Study and Internet Bank Model. Services of Internet Banking available through the Internet are as follows. 1. credit card loans, personal loans. 2. high-yield financial products. 3. insurance products. 4. securities products. 5. Case study of Foreign Internet Banking(ING, BNP, HSNC, City Bank). The study reviewed fields, including financial services, customer service, Website formation and design, convenience of use and system safety, Internet Banking Model, and many related areas. Internet Banking earned high marks in most fields. This Study review focuses on the following: Understanding and meeting consumer expectations for us ability, site performance and functionality. Integrating the Internet channel into overall marketing, product delivery and customer service strategies. Strategies to increase customer satisfaction with Internet Banking and to attract new Internet bankers. therefore this study review activity model concretion of Internet Banking Model and Case Study.

• International Area Studies Review
• /
• v.13 no.3
• /
• pp.29-49
• /
• 2009

We examine the effects of information transparency, lender identity, and credit rating on the commitment fees of syndicated loans originated in Japan, employing a sample of 331 facilities. A syndicated loan is a financing instrument offered to a single borrower by multiple lenders, and Japanese syndicated loan volume increased 36% to a record-high of $283 billion in 2008 compared to 2007. We find that the more informational opaque the borrower, the higher the commitment fees the lender charges to the Japanese borrowers. There is evidence that a syndicate involving a Japanese lead agent is able to extract rents through higher commitment fees. We document that there is a significant relation between the credit rating of the borrower and the commitment fee cost of syndicated loans originated in Japan. Most importantly, our results provide evidence that banks in Japan extract higher returns on syndicated loans through the commitment fees in addition to higher loan spreads. Using a micro-level of Japanese borrowers, we contribute to existing literature by providing our empirical evidence after controlling for borrowing spread.