• International Area Studies Review
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.293-319
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• 2008

Medium and small-sized venture firms as well as multinational companies pay liabilities of foreignness. We defined these costs as three different factors which are liability of handicaps(deficit of time, money, experience and, increase of financial risk), overseas market entry costs(information gathering costs, network building costs, marketing costs, channelling costs, monitoring costs), internationalization preparing costs(forecasting and market research of local markets, ex-ante cooperation with local firms), and then empirically tested how each of these factors affects on their business performances. The more important both Taiwanese and Korean firms consider liability of handicaps, the more bigger they pay overseas market entry costs(H1). On the contrary, the more important they consider overseas entry costs, the more they focus on internationalization preparation(H4) and get the better business performances(H5). The more important Korean firms consider liability of handicaps, the bigger they focus on internationalization preparation, on the contrary, the less Taiwanese firms do this(H2). Taiwanese firms as well as Korean firms rejected Hypothesis 3 and 6 which mean both liability of handicaps and internationalization preparation are no relation with their own business performances.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Floral Art and Design
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• no.44
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• pp.75-100
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• 2021

The purpose of this study is to explore ways in which the flower design industry can utilize podcasts that are rapidly growing in recent years. I selected foreign flower podcasts that are ranked on the global podcast chart, and examined the genre, content, components, show hosts and etc. By analyzing the characteristics of the podcast, the type of communication between the host and the audience, the audience interaction, the industry connection, and the media expansion strategy, I tried to derive the possibility of the flower podcast in Korea. As a result of analyzing foreign flower podcasts, podcasters built listener communities based on their rich experience and knowledge through podcasts and used them for education and marketing. They acted as leaders in the industry or led public opinion such as the sustainable flower industry. Podcast shows were repurposed as various content and used to spread flower design culture. In Korea, flower podcasts can be the basis for the formation of a community related to the flower design industry. Flower design experts can use podcasts as a source asset for various content. Listeners within the industry can get hands-on knowledge about the business from flower podcasts. The popular flower podcast will contribute to the vitalization of flower design culture and industry. Flower podcasts can be a starting point to actively cope with the era of personal media.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.21 no.12
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• pp.66-75
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• 2021

The research is centered towards analyzing the usage status of YouTube platform and the nature of content supplied to YouTube by selecting Korean two Traffic Broadcastings Based on TBS(Traffic Broadcasting System) and TBN(Traffic Broadcasting Network). TBS operates 'Citizen's Broadcasting', which has 1.1 million subscribers among 13 YouTube channels, as its main channel. TBN has only 15,000 subscribers to its main 'TBN Tong', and YouTube channels in 12 local networks. TBS which has a dedicated YouTube manpower, is far ahead of TBN in terms of YouTube channel management and content composition. Both broadcasters are passive about creating new media content due to job stability. For the development of the YouTube platform for these two broadcasters, organizational changes within traffic broadcasting and changes in the perception of members are required, and live broadcasting and discovery of star creators are required. In the changing media environment two traffic broadcastings need a program distribution strategy that can be included in various media platforms.

• Science of Emotion and Sensibility
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.91-106
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• 2022

This study targets four Soho fashion shopping malls that are operating successfully in the online fashion market. This study analyzed the entrepreneurship process by dividing it into three stages. The results of the case study are as follows. In the case of Company S, the founder, who had little work experience, started an e-commerce business with a sense of fashion and entrepreneurship. It is a contemporary, casual brand with competitive prices, design power, and diverse product assortment, and the business performance was achieved through data management and analysis and the diversification of distribution channels. In the case of Company B, the founder, who had little work experience, started a manufacturing and e-commerce business by leveraging their SNS network capabilities and entrepreneurial spirit. It is a contemporary fashion brand with product competitiveness of specific items and start-up characteristics, and performance was achieved through the establishment of brand identity and market expansion. Third, Company M and Company C are examples of Soho fashion shopping malls where the founders with more extensive work experience at the time of founding their respective start-ups focused on brand recognition as their core competitiveness. In the case of Company M, the apparel brand was launched with a wealth of experience and design spirit. It is a fashion designer brand that stands out for its sensibility, and the owner has achieved performance through various entrepreneurial activities that broaden the corporate horizon. Company C is a manufacturing and e-commerce brand that was started with design capabilities and an entrepreneurial spirit. It is a luxury fashion brand that focuses on emotional expression, and the outcomes, such as brand recognition and sales, were achieved through active customer management. The results of this study can be used as basic data in education for and research of Soho shopping malls and the prospective founders.

• Convergence Security Journal
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.131-141
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• 2022

Future battlefield domains are expanding to ground, sea, air, space, and cyber, so future military operations are expected to be carried out simultaneously and complexly in various battlefield domains. In addition, the application of convergence technologies that create innovations in all fields of economy, society, and defense, such as artificial intelligence, IoT, and big data, is being promoted. However, since the current Korean military C4I system manages warfighting function DBs in one DB server, the efficiency of combat performance is reduced utilization and distribution speed of data and operation response time. To solve this problem, research is needed on how to apply the 4th industrial revolution technologies such as AI, IoT, 5G, big data, and cloud to the Korean military C4I system, but research on this is insufficient. Therefore, this paper analyzes the problems of the current Korean military C4I system and proposes to apply the 4th industrial revolution technology in terms of operational mission, network and data link, computing environment, cyber operation, interoperability and interlocking capabilities.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Navigation and Port Research Conference
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• 2022.06a
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• pp.391-393
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• 2022

In recent years, technologies forecasting demand based on deep learning and big data have accelerated the smartification of the field of e-commerce, logistics and distribution areas. In particular, ports, which are the center of global transportation networks and modern intelligent logistics, are rapidly responding to changes in the global economy and port environment caused by the 4th industrial revolution. Port traffic forecasting will have an important impact in various fields such as new port construction, port expansion, and terminal operation. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to compare the time series analysis and deep learning analysis, which are often used for port traffic prediction, and to derive a prediction model suitable for the future container prediction of Busan Port. In addition, external variables related to trade volume changes were selected as correlations and applied to the multivariate deep learning prediction model. As a result, it was found that the LSTM error was low in the single-variable prediction model using only Busan Port container freight volume, and the LSTM error was also low in the multivariate prediction model using external variables.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.46 no.1
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• pp.9-16
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• 2018

Landscape architecture is an indispensable professional service in building sustainable land and urban environments. The landscape architecture industry is closely related to the promotion of the health and welfare of the people, urban revitalization and residential environment improvement as well as job creation. Despite various public interest values of landscape architecture, the growth engine of the landscape architecture industry, which is supposed to improve the quality of landscape services, has stagnated. In 2015, the Landscape Architecture Promotion Act was enacted to provide a landscape architectural promotion facility and complex system to support revitalization through the integration of the landscape architecture industry. The purpose of this study is to suggest an improvement plan to enhance the effectiveness of the landscape architectural promotion facility and complex system. The results of the analysis are as follows: First, workers and experts in landscape architecture recognized the need for policies and projects to promote the landscape architecture industry. Second, the industrial types suitable for the landscape architectural promotion facility were landscape design, landscape maintenance and management, and landscape construction industry. Meanwhile the industrial types suitable for a landscape architectural promotion complex were landscape trees and landscape facilities production and distribution. Third, the expected effect of the designation of the landscape architectural facility was 'the increase of the business opportunity through the expansion of the network'. On the other hand, that of the landscape architectural promotion complex was 'the activation of various information sharing'. Fourth, 'the size of the local government landscape architecture industry and the capacity to cultivate' was the most important among the designation criteria of the landscape architectural promotion facility. As for that of the landscape architectural promotion complex, the 'feasibility of promotion plan' was the most crucial. Fifth, 'tax benefit and deductible exemption' was considered as a necessary support method for the activation of the landscape architectural promotion facility, and 'maintenance and management fee support' was recognized in the case of the landscape architectural promotion complex.

• Journal of Agricultural Extension & Community Development
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.967-1006
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• 2014

This study attempted to provide policy recommendations in promoting new cooperatives established in agriculture based on the 2012 Cooperative Act. A questionnaire survey was conducted with 195 newly established cooperatives as the policy target of this study. The new cooperatives were classified as three kinds namely as 'Business' Cooperatives', 'Consumers' Cooperatives', 'Social Cooperatives' based on their member attributes and objectives. Interesting to note that, all of these new cooperatives born by the new Act has taken the marketing business as their main stream business. Among the three types, 'Business Cooperatives' are ranked the highest amount of capital shares per person in average, having about 30 members in size. In categorization, 'Business Cooperatives' include farmer cooperatives as majority and employee cooperatives. They are usually involved in both production and marketing and even in processing activities, and have tried to secure their business performance by e-commerce and stable business contracts. Their diverse activities are highly associated with their local community. Consumers' Cooperatives include consumer cooperatives and stakeholder cooperatives in achieving welfare of members. This type has lower share in capital but has over 30 members in a cooperative, taking marketing (distribution) business as main and often take advantage of their social network and physical store. Regional relationships are less than producer cooperatives. 'Social Cooperatives' are established by public interest and have around 10 members and lowest per capital. their business and community activity is similar to the consumer cooperatives. This study recommends the needs of designing suitable business models by these three types of cooperatives in the future, while appropriating their membership size for their tangible business operations. The government policy direction should aim to develop their new business opportunities and its management stabilization, especially in conjunction with the existing agricultural cooperatives (Nonghyup). It must be rather than to provide simply policy supports for establishment. An in-depth study is recommended in this regard.

• Journal of Distribution Science
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• v.10 no.6
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• pp.39-53
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• 2012

It is widely known that knowledge management plays a facilitating role that contributes to upgrading organizational performance. Knowledge management systems (KMS), especially, support the knowledge management process including the sharing, creating, and using of knowledge within a company, and maximize the value of knowledge resources within an organization. Despite this widely held belief, there are few studies that describe how companies actually develop, share, and practice their knowledge. Companies in the domestic small franchise sector, which are in the early stages in terms of knowledge management, need to improve their KMS to manage their franchisees effectively. From this perspective, this study uses a qualitative approach to explore the actual process of knowledge management implementation. This article presents a case study of PB (Paris Baguette) company, which is the first to build a KMS in the franchise industry. The study was able to confirm the following facts through the analysis of target companies. First, the chief executive's support is a critical success factor and this support can increase the participation of organization members. Second, it is important to build a process and culture that actively creates and leverages information in knowledge management activities. The organizational learning culture should be one where the creation, learning, and sharing of new knowledge is developed continuously. Third, a horizontal network organization is needed in order to make relationships within the organization more close-knit. Fourth, in order to connect the diverse processes such as knowledge acquisition, storage, and utilization of knowledge management activities, information technology (IT) capabilities are essential. Indeed, IT can be a powerful tool for improving the quality of work and maximizing the spread and use of knowledge. However, during the construction of an intranet based KMS, research is required to ensure that the most efficient system is implemented. Finally, proper evaluation and compensation are important success factors. In order to develop knowledge workers, an appropriate program of promotion and compensation should be established. Also, building members' confidence in the benefits of knowledge management should be an ongoing activity. The company developed its original KMS to achieve a flexible and proactive organization, and a new KMS to improve organizational and personal capabilities. The PB case shows that there are differences between participants perceptions and actual performance in managing knowledge; that knowledge management is not a matter of formality but a paradigm that assures the sharing of knowledge; and that IT boosts communication skills, thus creating a mutual relationship to enhance the flow of knowledge and information between people. Knowledge management for building organizational capabilities can be successful when considering its focus and ways to increase its acceptance. This study suggests guidelines for major factors that corporate executives of domestic franchises should consider to improve knowledge management and the higher operating activities that can be used.

• Journal of Intelligence and Information Systems
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.81-96
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• 2016

As the internet has become widespread and easy to access everywhere, it is common for people to search information via online search engines such as Google and Naver in everyday life. Recent studies have used online search volume of specific keyword as a measure of the internet users' attention in order to predict disease outbreaks such as flu and cancer, an unemployment rate, and an index of a nation's economic condition, and etc. For stock traders, web search is also one of major information resources to obtain data about individual stock items. Therefore, search volume of a stock item can reflect the amount of investors' attention on it. The investor attention has been regarded as a crucial factor influencing on stock price but it has been measured by indirect proxies such as market capitalization, trading volume, advertising expense, and etc. It has been theoretically and empirically proved that an increase of investors' attention on a stock item brings temporary increase of the stock price and the price recovers in the long run. Recent development of internet environment enables to measure the investor attention directly by the internet search volume of individual stock item, which has been used to show the attention-induced price pressure. Previous studies focus mainly on Dow Jones and NASDAQ market in the United States. In this paper, we investigate the relationship between the individual investors' attention measured by the internet search volumes and stock price changes of individual stock items in the KOSDAQ market in Korea, where the proportion of the trades by individual investors are about 90% of the total. In addition, we examine the difference between industries in the influence of investors' attention on stock return. The internet search volume of stocks were gathered from "Naver Trend" service weekly between January 2007 and June 2015. The regression model with the error term with AR(1) covariance structure is used to analyze the data since the weekly prices in a stock item are systematically correlated. The market capitalization, trading volume, the increment of trading volume, and the month in which each trade occurs are included in the model as control variables. The fitted model shows that an abnormal increase of search volume of a stock item has a positive influence on the stock return and the amount of the influence varies among the industry. The stock items in IT software, construction, and distribution industries have shown to be more influenced by the abnormally large internet search volume than the average across the industries. On the other hand, the stock items in IT hardware, manufacturing, entertainment, finance, and communication industries are less influenced by the abnormal search volume than the average. In order to verify price pressure caused by investors' attention in KOSDAQ, the stock return of the current week is modelled using the abnormal search volume observed one to four weeks ahead. On average, the abnormally large increment of the search volume increased the stock return of the current week and one week later, and it decreased the stock return in two and three weeks later. There is no significant relationship with the stock return after 4 weeks. This relationship differs among the industries. An abnormal search volume brings particularly severe price reversal on the stocks in the IT software industry, which are often to be targets of irrational investments by individual investors. An abnormal search volume caused less severe price reversal on the stocks in the manufacturing and IT hardware industries than on average across the industries. The price reversal was not observed in the communication, finance, entertainment, and transportation industries, which are known to be influenced largely by macro-economic factors such as oil price and currency exchange rate. The result of this study can be utilized to construct an intelligent trading system based on the big data gathered from web search engines, social network services, and internet communities. Particularly, the difference of price reversal effect between industries may provide useful information to make a portfolio and build an investment strategy.