• Proceedings of the KAIS Fall Conference
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• 2010.05b
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• pp.1077-1082
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• 2010

본 연구는 일반 여성과 유방암 환자를 대상으로 유방 자가검진의 이행율과 유방 자가검진에 영향을 미치는 요인을 파악하기 위하여 시도된 단면적 조사 연구이다. 건강신념 변수에 대해 일반 여성군과 유방암 환자군을 비교하면 일반 여성군이 유방암 환자군에 비해 유방암에 대한 심각성이 높은 것으로 나타났다. 유방암 환자군에서는 일반 여성군에 비해 유방암에 대한 민감성이 높았으며, 유방암 검진에 대한 유익성이 높고, 건강관심도가 높은 것으로 나타났다(p<0.01). 건강신념 변수에 대해 유방 자가검진 이행자와 불이행자를 비교해 보면 유방 자가검진 이행자는 불이행자보다 건강 관심도가 높고(p<0.01) 유방 자가검진에 대해 설명을 들은 경험이 있는 경우 자가검진 이행율이 높은 것으로 나타났다(p<0.05). 유방 자가검진 불이행자에서는 이행자보다 건강관심도가 낮고, 주위에서 유방 자가검진을 권하는 사람이 없는 경우가 많았다(p<0.01).유방 자가검진 이행자와 불이행자간 민감성, 심각성, 유익성, 장애성에 대해서는 유의한 차이가 없는 것으로 나타났다. 유방 자가검진 이행 여부에 관해서는 유방암 환자군이 일반 여성군에 비해 유방 자가검진을 3.5배 시행하지 않는 것으로 나타났고(p<0.01), 연령은 40대 미만보다 60대 이상여성이 1.6배 유방 자가검진을 시행하지 않는 것으로 나타났다. 교육수준은 대졸이상 보다 고졸이하가 2.4배 유방 자가검진을 시행하지 않고, 가구 소득은 200만원미만보다 400만원이상 고소득자가 2.7배 유방 자가검진을 시행하지 않는 것으로 나타났다. 자녀수는 자녀가 없는 여성이 자녀수가 3명이상인 여성에 비해 12.1배 유방 자가검진을 시행하지 않는 것으로 나타났다(p<0.05). 건강 신념과 유방 자가검진 실천의 관계를 본 결과 건강관심도와 행동계기가 유방 자가검진 수행에 유의한 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 건강관심도가 높을수록 유방 자가검진 실천도가 높고, 행동 계기 즉 주위에서 유방 자가검진을 권하는 사람이 있는 경우가 유방자가검진 수행율이 높은 것으로 나타났다(p<0.05). 본 연구 결과를 통해 유방암 환자를 포함한 일반여성을 대상으로 유방 자가검진의 중요성과 유방 자가검진 방법에 대해 정기적인 교육 프로그램, 포스터, 안내책자 등을 통한 적극적인 교육과 권유가 필요할 것으로 보여 진다. 유방 자가검진 프로그램 개발 시 유방암 환자와 일반 여성을 대상으로 한 차별화 된 교육 프로그램 개발이 필요하고 이를 통해 유방암 환자에게 유방암의 재발 위험성과 자가검진의 필요성, 올바른 유방암 환자의 자가검진법을 인지시킴으로서 유방 자가검진 실천율을 향상 시킬 수 있을 것이라고 생각된다.

• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.77-87
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• 2016

Objectives : The purpose of this study was to find a constructive way of the Breast Self-Examination teaching methods, identify experience who religious women participated in breast self-examination. Method : This study is a qualitative study using focus group interview method. Women religious took Breast Self-Examination program based on Problem Based Learning procedure. Results : Major Four Themes were derived. 'Breast cancer awareness', 'Breast Self Examination awareness', 'Convergence of PBL and practice on BSE experience', 'Change after convergent BSE education'. Conclusion : Women religious who have risk factors for breast cancer, want to improve the irregularities and to raising skills of BSE for self healthcare ability through convergent BSE education program for women religious.

• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.281-291
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• 2022

The purpose of this study was to identify the influencing factors on the breast self-examination performance among nursing students. The data collection period was from April 12 to April 26, 2021. Data was gathered from 240 nursing students by using a structured questionnaire. The data was analyzed using Pearson's correlation coefficients and a stepwise regression analysis using the SPSS/WIN 25.0 program. As the result of this study, the factors influencing breast self-examination perfomance were found to be breast self-examination and dietary habits with the explanatory power of these variables being 14.2%(F=19.53, 𝜌<.001). Based on this study, further study may be needed to evaluate the dietary habits of nursing students so that they can practice proper eating behavior. In addition, to maximize the educational effect, there may need to be a development of programs aimed to prevent breast cancer among nursing students.

• Research in Community and Public Health Nursing
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.200-212
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• 1998

Breast cancer ranks as one of the major health problems of adult women. Studies have shown that the BSE educational program based on the Individually Prescribed Instruction Model is effective in BSE practice. To motivate women in BSE practicing, a one-group pretest-posttest design was conducted. The subjects of the study were 49 Women who participated in the educational program of BSE and were mothers of D middle school in D City. The instruments of study were a BSE frequency & proficiency recording chart and a BSE confidence scale developed by Elearnor. The data was collected from September 4 in 1997 to April 30 in 1998 and was analyzed with an SAS program. The results were summarized as follows : 1) Frequency scores in BSE practice in the posttest was significantly increased after the intervention as contrasted with that in the pretest(t=1.32, P<.01). 2) Proficiency scores in BSE practice in the posttest was significantly increased after the intervention as contrasted with that in the pretest (t = 1. 69, P<.001). 3) Confidence scores in BSE practice in the posttest was significantly increased after the intervention as contrasted with that in the pretes(t=l1.48, P<.01). 4) The Pearson correlation coefficient between BSE frequency scores and confidence scores in BSE practice was significant (r =.72, P<.001). On the basis of this study, it can be concluded that the BSE educational program has improved BSE compliance.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.15 no.6
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• pp.326-336
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• 2015

This study intended to identify the factors of breast and cervical cancer screening behaviors in married female immigrants and provide information for the development of intervention programs to promote the behaviors. Pender's Health Promotion Model was the conceptual framework of this study. The subjects of this study were 157 female immigrants living in Daegu and Gyeongbuk area. It was found that 33.1% of subjects had mammography, 22.9% of them did breast self-examination, and 51% of them had cervical cancer screening test. The breast cancer screening behavior increased 1.25 times as the score of social support increased one point, 1.13 times as the score of perceived benefit increased one point, 3.58 times when the subjects had experiences of breast and cervical cancer education, and 1.24 times as the score of action plan increased one point. The cervical cancer screening behavior increased 2.89 times when the subjects had experiences of breast and cervical cancer education, and 1.23 times as the score of social support increased one point. However, the cervical cancer screening behavior decreased 0.82 times as the score of perceived barriers increased one point.

• Asian Oncology Nursing
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• v.3 no.2
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• pp.133-144
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• 2003

This study is carrying out a before and after experiment design for the non-equal comparative group to identify the effects of the breast self-examination education on breast self-examination participant education compliance and health promotion in women. The subject of this study was 58 women residing in Chungju. Their age ranged from 20 to 40. These women were not pregnant or did not breast feed, as well as they did not have any breast disease, at the time of survey. They were available for the response to the questionnaires, and understood the purpose of this study. They also agreed to participate in the study, and responded to the 3rd time questionnaires to the end. Thus, brochures and lectures were provided side by side to a group of 19 of those women, and only brochures were provided to another group of 39 of those women. With regard to education, a brochure and a program using a breast model were applied. Then, the frequency of the breast self examination compliance, breast self examination capability and the relations between the breast self examination and activities to promote health were measured, before the education, after 4 weeks of education and after 12 weeks of education. Before education and after 4 weeks of education. I collected the questionnaires myself visiting them, and after 12 weeks of education, the questionnaires were collected by mail. In relation to the study tool, the breast self examination activity was measured by two measuring tools: breast self examination activity frequency and breast self examination compliance capability. As for the frequency, the number of self examination for the period of 3 months, before the questionnaire survey, was measured in the form of self report. In relation to the tool to measure the breast self examination capability, the BSEPRI tool, which was developed by Wood in 1994, was used. Here, as the score was higher, the capability was indicated to be higher. The translated and revised version of Health Promoting Lifestyle Profile II (Walker, Sechrist & Pender. 2002) was used as a tool for health promotion. As the measured score was higher, the health promoting activity was indicated to be higher. The results of this study were as follows: 1. As a result of checking the breast self examination compliance frequency between the experiment group that received the breast self examination participant education and the comparative group that did not receive the education, there was a significant difference in interaction between groups by time, as time passed by. 2. As a result of checking the breast self examination compliance capability between the experiment group and the comparative group, there was a significant difference in interaction between groups by time, as time passed by. 3. As a result of carrying out a repetitive measurement analysis, between the experiment group that received the breast self examination education and the comparative group that did not receive the education, which was carried out to validate the hypothesis that the former would have higher health promoting activities than the latter, there was no significant difference after the breast self examination education was conducted.

• Proceedings of The Korean Society of Health Promotion Conference
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• 2005.09a
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• pp.91-119
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• 2005

오타와 헌장에 따르면 건강증진은 건강형평성을 성취하는 것이다. 건강격차를 감소시키고, 모든 사람들이 건강잠재력을 달성할 수 있도록 동등한 기회와 자원이 제공되어야 한다. 또한 각 개인들은 자신의 건강에 대한 결정요인들에 대한 통제능력을 가져야 한다. 미국의 조기사망은 40%가 행동양식에 의하여, 30%가 유전적인 문제로, 15%가 사회적 환경에 의하여, 10%는 의료적 치료의 부족으로, 그리고 5%는 환경위해 물질에 대한 노출로 발생한다. 건강불평등을 발설시키는 사회적 요인으로는 경제적 요인을 들 수 있다. 이러한 요인으로 야기되는 건강불평등의 문제를 해결하여 건강형평성을 달성하기 위해서는 절대적 목표들과 평등관련 목표들이 모두 필요하다. 건강형평성은 인구집단의 건강과 함께 향상되는 것으로 나은 건강상태에 있는 사람들의 건강을 악화시키면서 건강형평성을 달성하는 것은 아니다. 각자의 관심이 형평성을 어떻게 규정하는가에 영향을 미친다. 혜택을 받은 사람들은 성과/투입의 정의를 선호하며, 소외계층은 똑같은 성과 또는 요구에 기반한 정의를 선호한다. Healthy People 2010은 미국의 국가적 예방체계를 의미하며, 가장 중요하며 예방 가능한 건강위협들을 파악하고 이러한 위협들을 감소하기 위한 목적들이 설정되어 있다. 궁극적인 목적은 건강한 삶의 질적인 면과 양적인 측면을 향상시키는 것이며, 건강불평등을 제거하는 것이다. 그러나 미국이 유럽의 국가들에 비해서 사회 프로그램에 대한 투자가 적은 이유는 재분배는 소수인종만을 위한 것이라는 믿음과, 우리는 개방되고 공정한 사회에 살고 있기 때문에 가난하다는 것은 가난한 사람들 자신들의 잘못으로 인한 것이라는 믿음 그리고 재분배를 방지하는 정치체계 때문이다. 국가기관인 CDC의 예방연구센터(Prevention Research Centers)는 지역사회 파트너들과 함께 건강증진, 질병예방, 그리고 질병과 상해로 인한 합병증을 관리하게 위한 효과적인 예방 전략을 개발하고 있다. 예방연구센터의 프로그램들은 지역사회 기반 참여연구와 소외된 계층에 중점을 두며, 다학제 간 접근방법을 활용하고, 교육기관, 공공보건기관 그리고 지역사회의 파트너들 간의 네트웍을 형성을 통한 협력관계를 강조하고 있다. 지역사회 위원회가 구성되어 있으며, 또한 근거중심 프로그램을 개발하고 있다. 이들은 건강 결정요인에 관한 연구, 형성적 연구, 개입 프로그램 및 프로그램의 확산에 관한 연구를 진행한다. UC Berkeley의 가족/지역사회 보건센터(Center for Family & Community Health)는 1993년에 설립되었다. 사업의 대상이 되는 주요 지역사회는 한국교민사회이며, 한국교민사회 자문위원회(Korean Community Advisory Board, KCAB)가 구성되어 있다. 1993년부터 2003년까지는 'Health is Strength' 사업이 시범연구사업으로 진행되었는데, 그 내용은 유방암과 자궁경부암 검진 프로그램이었다. 2003년부터 2009년까지 진행될 'Quitting is Winning'이라는 두 번째 시범연구사업은 남성들의 금연에 중점을 둔 사업이다. 'Health is Strength'는 아시아 보건서비스 및 한국교민사회 자문위원회가 함께 협력하여 진행된 사업으로, 주요 목표는 18세 이상 여성의 자궁암 조기 검진(Pap test)과 자가 유방검진 실천을 증가시키는 것이며, 50세 이상여성의 유방 임상검사와 유방 X선촬영 비율을 증가시키는 것이었다. 한 지역의 카운티에 거주하는 한국 여성들은 4년간의 개입프로그램의 대상이 되었으며, 이들을 대상으로 횡단적인 전화조사를 3번(사전, 중간, 사후)실시하였다. 개입 프로그램은 교회에서 워크샵 개최, Tell-A-Friend Form 작성하기, 포스터 및 책자 발행, 신문광고 등과 함께 자궁암 조기 검진(Pap test)과 유방 X선 촬영권을 무료로 제공하는 것으로 구성되었다. 'Quitting is Winning'은 지역사회 기반 참여 연구모형으로 한국교민사회 자문위원회는 흡연을 1순위의 사업으로 선정하였고, 근거에 기반한 금연 프로그램에 대한 연구들을 검토하여, 기존의 보편적 방법이 아닌 인터넷을 활용하는 프로그램을 진행하는 것으로 결정되었다. 이는 무작위 임상실험으로 연구대상으로 미국에 거주하는 한국인 남성흡연자 2300명을 모집하였다. 이들의 1/2은 실험군인 인터넷 프로그램 집단에, 또 다른 1/2은 대조군인 인쇄책자 집단에 무작위 할당되었다. 12개월 동안 11번의 진단이 인터넷을 통하여 진행되었으며, 참여와 참여유지에 대한 금전적인 보상이 제공되었다.

• Journal of agricultural medicine and community health
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.157-174
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• 1998

A survey was conducted to study the influence of socia-demographic factors on health-related behaviors. from June 1 to July 31, 1996. The study population was 1,903 adults in Kyongju City. A questionnaire method was used to collect data. Health-related behaviors included 24 items for men and 26 items for women. The followings are summaries of findings : The compliance of health promotion activities was higher when the age was older in men, when married, when having no religion and when the education level was higher than the other groups. And it was significantly higher when the income was lower in men and higher in women, in the residents living in apartment, in white collar workers, in the chronic ill people and when the body weight was lower than the other groups. Notable differences were found in the composition of health behavior factors for socio-demographic characteristics. Men used more tobacco, coffee and tea, salt and alcohol than women. However, the practice rates of regular exercise and physical examination were higher in men than women. On the other hand, the practice rates of fruit/vegetable intake, milk drinking and regular tooth brushing were higher in women than men. When the age was old, the amount of fruit/vegetable intake, the frequency of physician visit and health check-up, and regularity of meal were increased. When the income was high, the use rate of seat-belts, the amount of coffee, milk, fruit/vegetable and red meat intake were increased. The frequency of regular exercise. tooth brushing, health check-up, pap test and breast self examination were higher in the rich than the poor. When the education level was high, the frequency of regular exercise and tooth brushing, and the use rate of seat belts were increased, and the amount of alcohol consumption and salt intake were decreased. These findings suggest that socio-demographic factors are significantly associated with the patterns of health behaviors. In conclusion public health programs and individual counseling efforts should be multifaceted and behavior-specific to encourage to practice healthy life-style.