• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Crop Science Conference
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• 1986.06a
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• pp.70-71
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• 1986

• Korean Journal of Medicinal Crop Science
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.153-157
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• 2006

Floret flowering of Orostachys japonicus, a monocarpic and short day plant, should be controlled to continue cultivating. The study was done to examine the effect of transplanted seedling size (large, 18 leaves; medium, 13 leaves; small, 8 leaves) on growth, morphological characters, and flowering. Night-break treatment of 2 hours at midnight were done on August 25 and afterward samples were taken every 2 weeks. Growth, morphological and flowering related characters were measured from each sample. With larger seedling transplanted, plant height, inflorescence length, number of leaves including bracts and stem diameter were increased. Leaves and bracts, stem, root, shoot and total dry weights were increased as transplanted seedlings became larger. Although formed florets were inclined with larger transplanted seedling, they were not flowered because of the night-break treatment, meaning that the larger transplanted seedlings, the more economic yield.

• Korean Journal of Environmental Agriculture
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.185-190
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• 1999

Autotoxic substance(s) from alfalfa(Medicago sativa L.) plants reduces germination and growth of adjacent new alfalfa after alfalfa. The autotoxic chemical(s) in alfalfa are clearly unknown. Our objective was to improve the sensitivity of an alfalfa seedling bioassay for evaluating autotoxic leaf extracts. We determined critical extract concentrations that inhibit seed germination and seedling growth, compared two different culture media, and evaluated the effects of extract sterilization on the sensitivity of the assay, by using streptomycin and autoclaving method. An agar medium in petri plate gave better responses of germination and seedling growth to the extracts than using filter paper in the plate. On agar medium, the concentration of extract required to reach 50% inhibition of root length was 2.7 g $kg^{-1}$, and of germination and hypocotyl length were 3.8 and 9.9 g $kg^{-1}$, respectively. Leaf extracts with 100 ppm streptomycin stimulated germination significantly compared to Leaf extract alone but reduced root length of control by 43%. Root length was more sensitive to the autotoxin(s) than was germination or hypocotyl length. These results suggest that agar medium mixed with extract and sterilization by autoclaving could be improved the consistency and precision of bioassay, and that root length was the best parameter of autotoxic effect of alfalfa leaf extract.

• Korean Journal of Organic Agriculture
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.321-334
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• 2014

This study was conducted to identify plant growth promoting effects of native plant resources and medicinal plants. 65 kinds of plant extracts from 64 species were evaluated based on two rice(Oryza sativa) seedling bioassays for gibberellins and gibberellin-like substances. 12 extracts of Artemisia princeps stem and leaf, Cirsium japonicum var. maackii whole plant, Rhododendron mucronulatum branch and leaf, Phragmites communis stem, Coix lacryma-jobi var. mayuen whole plant, Lespedeza bicolor branch and leaf, Hydrangea serrata f. acuminata whole plant, Phlomis umbrosa whole plant, Glycyrrhiza uralensis Rhizome, G. uralensis stem and leaf, Angelica gigas root, and Cnidium officinale rhizome showed growth promotion of rice seedlings. Our results suggested that the parts of these plants could be the potential sources as farm-made liquid fertilizers for plant growth promotion.

• Korean Journal of Weed Science
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.156-164
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• 1987

Allelopathic activity of dominant upland weed species was determined using aqueous and methanol extracts and dried residues of the weeds. Germination and seedling growth of radish (Raphanus sativus L.) and sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) were greatly inhibited by 2% (w/v) aqueous extracts of Artemisia asiatica Nakai and Portulaca oleracea L., respectively. Great phytotoxicity on both indicator plants occurred by 2% (w/v) aqueous extracts of Capsel/a bursa-pastoris (L.) Medik. A complete inhibition in germination and seedling growth of radish was caused by 2% (w/v) methanol extract of A. asiatica. There was about 90% inhibition in germination and seedling growth of sesame due to 2% (w/v) methanol extracts of A. asiatica, P. oleracea and Trifolium repens L. Phytotoxic effects varied with extract solution, weed species and indicator plants employed, indicating that the weed species contained different contents and kinds of allelopathic chemicals. Water potential and pH adjusted to those of the extracts did not affect germination and seedling growth of the indicator plants. Phytotoxicity increased with increasing concentration of the extracts obtained from four suspected alleopathic weeds. Soil-incorporated plant residues of A. asiatica and P. oleracea caused greater phytotoxicity on radish than those of C. bursa-pastoris and T. repens.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.76 no.1
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• pp.1-10
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• 1987

This study was carried out to examine the influence of shading and root-cutting on the survival and growth of Pinus koraiensis seedlings. 1, The highest survival percentage of seedlings transplanted to transplanting bed appeared at the plot of 19% in shading. The 50% of the seedlings were survived if half of them were root-cutting. 2. Shoot elongation, root growth and diameter increment were the best at the plot of 100% in relative light intensity. However, those were the best at the plot with 1/4 root cutting. 3. The increase of needle fascicle number and the growth of needle surface area per seedling were the longest at the plot of 63% relative light intensity. Among root cutting treatments the 1/4 cutting plot showed the largest growth of needle areas.

• Journal of Practical Agriculture & Fisheries Research
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.63-73
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• 2013

The research was conducted to determine a seed germination and seedling establishment of rice plant under seed coating materials such as iron, silicate, and phyllite and under covered with silicate and iron coated & silicate covered in the puddled wet hill seeding and wet line seeding methods. The seedling establishment was high in silicate and untreated control of 100%>phyllite coating of 91.5%>silicate coating of 88%>iron coating and silicate covered of 86%>silicate covered of 75.5% in the puddled wet hill seeding method, respectively. At 35days after treatment there was high in seedling height at silicate covered of 23.8cm>control of 23.6cm>silicate coating of 21.4cm>phyllite coating of 20.2cm>iron coating and silicate covered of 16.8cm>iron coating of 15.4cm. In puddle wet line seeding method rice seedling establishment was high at control and silicate covered of 100%>iron coating and silicate covered by 97.5%>phyllite coating by 94.8%>iron coating by 86%. Seedling height was high in silicate covered of 22.1cm>control of 21.2cm>silicate coating of 20.0cm>phyllite coating of 19.0cm>iron coating of 17.7cm>iron coating and silicate covered of 17.0cm, respectively.

• Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.436-447
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• 2006

Recently, there is increasing demand on enhancing the efficiency of hydro-seed spraying in afforestation for damaged or degraded land including forest road slopes. In this study, we focus on how seed coating and molding may affect seed germination and seedling growth. Plant species used in the study are Lespedeza cyrtobotrya, Indigofera pseudotinctoria, Arudineila hirta, Poa pratensis, and Lolium perenne. The results of seed germination and seedling growth with and without seed coating and molding are analyzed as follows: 1. For all the species and in both seeding with molding covered with soil and seeding without molding in which seeds were over sown, the increment of germination ratio by seed coating method is greater than by non·coating one. Seed coating increases average germination ratios observed in seeding with molding and without molding by 11.2% and 21.4%, respectively. Germination force may decrease from 0.8 to 3.7 days depending on the plant species and the treatments. The $LD_{50}$ decreased by $0.8{\sim}2.6$ days. However, seed coating delays the start of germination by approximate 1 day for all of the observed plants. 2. Seed coating may have the effect of accelerating the growth of stem and leaf and root. The experimental result shows that seed coating leads to 21.7% and 34.8% increment of average stem and leaf growth by seeding with molding and without molding, respectively. In terms of root growth, seeding with molding results in 22.0% increment while seeding without molding produces 26.2% increased root growth. 3: Compared to seeding without molding, germination starts on an average of 1.3 days later in seeding coated seeds with molding. However. the germination ratio is increased by 5%, and germination force and $LD_{50}$ are observed to shorten by 1.0 day and 1.4 days, respectively. Meanwhile, whether seeds are coated or not may be more related with germination and seedling growth in seeding without molding than with those in seeding with molding. 4. In this study, coating materials are examined to look at which ones are better in each treatment. Coating with Vermiculite+Talcum is the most effective in germination and seedling growth for overall plants. Seed coating using Bentonite, Calcium Carbonate, and Calcium Hydroxide shows better results than non-coating does. 5. When seeds are coated, the greatest enhancement of seed germinations was observed in Indigofera pseudotinctoria and, in the case of seedling growth, Lespedeza cyrtobotrya has the most increasing observation value among the 5 examined species. These results may indicate that woody plant seeds, having greater sizes of seeds than ones of grass seeds, may have greater relation with seed coating than grass plant seeds may have. 6. Therefore, if seeds cannot be molded up after hydro-seeding on forest road slopes, it is recommended that seeds for restoration be pre-coated with Vermiculite+Talcum and then be sowed, in order to quickly stabilize the damaged slope and achieve successful afforestation.

• Proceedings of the Plant Resources Society of Korea Conference
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• 2003.04a
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• pp.133-135
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• 2003

• Journal of Bio-Environment Control
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.149-155
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• 2006

This study was carried out to investigate effects of different night temperature treatments during nursery period on flower bud differentiation and growth of pepper cv. Cheongyang. Number of leaves, top fresh weight and top dry weight of pepper seedlings were increased with increasing the night temperature during nursery periods. And also flower bud differentiation and days to flowering were accelerated as increasing the night temperature. Plant height, stem diameter, branch length and intermode length of pepper after transplanting were height at the low night temperature ($28/11^{\circ}C$), but they were retarded at the high night temperature ($28/21^{\circ}C$) treatment. Number of lateral branches was significantly reduced at the high night temperature, but there was no a regular tendency in branching habit of the main stem by temperature treatments. Seedling growth before transplanting was retarded at the low night temperature but gradually recovered after transplanting into the plastic house. However, seedling growth at the high night temperature was shown in contrast to above response of the low night temperature.