• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.470-476
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• 2019

The braking force for a train is generally provided by compressed air. The pressure valve system that is used to apply appropriate braking forces to trains has a complex flow circuit. It is possible to make a channel shape that can increase the flow efficiency by 3D printing. There are restrictions on the flow shape design when using general machining. Therefore, in this study, the compressed air flow was analyzed in a pressure valve system by comparing flow paths made with conventional manufacturing methods and 3D printing. An analysis was done to examine the curvature magnitude of the flow path, the diameter of the flow path, the magnitude of the inlet and reservoir pressure, and the initial temperature of the compressed air when the flow direction changes. The minimization of pressure loss and the uniformity of the flow characteristics influenced the braking efficiency. The curvilinear flow path made through 3D printing was advantageous for improving the braking efficiency compared to the rectangular shape manufactured by general machining.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.14 no.6
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• pp.245-251
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• 2016

A numerical model is developed to predict distributions of current density and temperature. Also the complete fuel cell performances were compared. In this study the effect of flow field design and flow direction on current density and temperature distribution as well as full cell performance. The complete three-dimensional Navier-Stokes equations were solved with convergence of electro-chemical reactions terms. In this paper, the two different flow field design were simulated, straight channel and rectangular serpentine flow channel, which is commonly used. The effect of flow direction, co-flow and counter-flow, was also analyzed. The current density and temperature is higher with abundant oxygen not fuel. Also, temperature distribution was able to be drawn by using computer simulation. In this paper, the relationship among flow pattern, flow field design and current denstity distribution.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers B
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• v.35 no.1
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• pp.9-15
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• 2011

In this study, we investigated the hydrodynamic and thermal performance of constructal architectures on the basis of the mass flow rates for a given pressure drop, and we determined the thermal resistance and flow uniformity. The five flow configuration used in this study were the first construct with optimized hydraulic diameter, the second construct with optimized hydraulic diameter, the first construct with non-optimized hydraulic diameter, second construct with non-optimized hydraulic diameter, and a serpentine configuration. The results of our study suggest that the best fluid-flow structure is the second constructal structure with optimized constructal configurations. We also found that in the case of the optimized structure of cooling plates, the heat transfer was remarkably higher and the pumping power was significantly lower than those of traditional channels.

• Proceedings of the Korea Society for Energy Engineering kosee Conference
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• 1999.05a
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• pp.233-238
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• 1999

고분자 연료전지 (polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell (PEMFC)) 시스템은 연료전지 스택, 연료공급부, 공기공급부, 냉각부, 운전 제어부, 전자부하 및 데이터 획득부 그리고 인버터 등으로 구성된다. 이 가운데 가장 중요한 구성요소인 고분자 연료전지 스택의 성능은 전극과 전해질막 접합체의 성능뿐만 아니라 스택의 구조와 유로형상에도 크게 의존한다. 따라서 보다 고성능의 전해질막과 전극을 개발하고 소형화, 경량화가 가능한 스택의 구조와 유로형상을 찾는 것이 고분자 연료전지 스택의 개발에 있어 매우 중요하다.(중략)

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2011.05a
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• pp.415-415
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• 2011

수문학 또는 하천유출은 크게 기후학적은 인자 (온도, 바람, 상대습도 등)나 지형학적 인자 (지표면 경사, 흙의 종류, 하천의 면적, 하천의 길이 등)들에 의해 결정된다. 지형학적 인자들 중인 하천의 면적 그리고 주하천의 길이에 의한 영향은 비첨두홍수량의 과 수문곡선의 모양에 크게 관여되어 있다. 일반적으로 유역형상이 좁고 주하천의 길이(유로연장)가 긴 하천의 경우 단위면적당 유출량과 시간과의 그래프에서 수문곡선은 넓고 낮은 형태 모습을 지니지만 유역의 형상이 넓고 주하천의 길이기 짧은 하천은 수문곡선이 좁고 높은 형태의 모습을 가진다. 이러한 유역형상의 차이에 따라 Horton (1932)은 유역의 면적과 주하천의 길이의 비로 형상계수 (Shape Factor)의 공식을 제시하였다. 유역면적에 비해 유로연장이 길면 형상계수가 작아지고 첨두홍수량이 작아지는 반면 유역면적에 비해 유로연장이 짧을수록 형상계수가 커져 첨두홍수량이 커지는 형상을 발견할 수 있다. 형상계수와 비첨두홍수량의 상관관계를 알아보기 위하여 상수 전용댐 안전성 대책 및 치수능력 증대 방안연구 (2008) 보고서에서 적용한 유역들을 비교하였다. 이 보고서에 있는 38개의 유역들 중에서 형상계수가 0< <1 인 유역들을 선택한 후 형상계수와 지속시간별 비첨두홍수량의 관계 그리고 유역면적과 지속시간별 비첨두홍수량의 관계를 도시하였다. 추세선에 의한 결정계수인 $R^2$ 의 값을 비교하여 형상계수와 비첨두홍수량과의 관계를 조명하였다. 또한, 형상계수에 따른 순간단위도의 첨두시간 및 첨두유량을 비교하기 위하여 유역면적이 $300m^2$내외이며, 서로 다른 형상계수를 갖는 유역을 선정하여 연구를 진행하였다. 대상유역의 관측값을 이용하여 Nash모형을 적용한 순간단위도를 산정하였으며, 형상계수에 따른 첨두시간 및 첨두유량의 비교분석을 수행하였다.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.19 no.5
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• pp.279-284
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• 2021

In this study, the performance and distribution of fluid concentration, pressure, and current density of a proton exchange membrane fuel cell was investigated. In this paper, the two different types of flow field design were compared, singel channel and 5-channels. As a result, the 5-channels of flow field showed the better performance than that of single chanel. Especially, the single channel showed better performance in terms of mass transfer loss area.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.244-251
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• 2016

In this study, the relationship between flow characteristics and projection distance, depending on the shape was examined. A numerical investigation technique for fluid analysis of a foam monitor was developed for the prediction, comparison and validation of the actual injection performance. The foam monitor changes the flow pattern of fluid flow according to the shape, The fluid losses were calculated from the numerical investigation affecting the projection distance. The basic form of foam monitor was used as a designed shape in N. The modified model used the length increase model of the flow path, and straight line of the model. The inlet pressure was 6.5bar. The results showed that the length increase model of the flow path and straight line of the model in the nozzle projection distance had improved. The results comparing the error rates projection performance were well matched to the 7.43% obtained from the validity test of the analysis method.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.415-421
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• 2021

This study analyzed the effect on the cooling performance of the channel shape of a heat sink for an insulated gate bipolar transistor (IGBT). A serpentine channel was used for this analysis, and the parameter for the analysis was the number of curves. The analysis was conducted using computational fluid dynamics with the commercial software ANSYS fluent. One curve in the channel improved the heat dissipation performance of the heat sink by up to 8% compared to a straight-channel heat sink. However, two curves in the channel could not improve the heat discharge performance further. Instead, the two curves caused a higher pressure drop, which induces parasitic loss for the pumping of coolant. The pressure drop of the two-curve channel case was 2.48-2.55 times larger than that of a one-curve channel. This higher pressure drop decreased the heat discharge efficiency of the heat sink with two curves. The discharge heat per unit pressure drop was calculated, and the result of the straight heat sink was highest among the analyzed cases. This means that the heat discharge efficiency of the straight heat sink is the highest.

• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.191-196
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• 2022

Unlike an international combustion engine car, a battery-powered electric vehicle requires an additional heat source for its heating system. A high-voltage coolant heater has the advantages of high efficiency and a wide operating temperature range. In its development, the geometry design of the coolant flow path is essential. This paper presents the thermal flow simulations of a 7kW high-voltage heater with symmetric serpentine flow channels arranged parallelly. The heater performance was evaluated from the simulation results in terms of the pressure and temperature differences and the flow uniformity. The proposed design showed a greater flow resistance and similar heat exchanging capability than the existing parallel serpentine design. It has the advantage of a relatively wide low-temperature surface area, where the control circuit board susceptible to high temperatures can be located.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.50-55
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• 2015

This study examined the relationship between the shape of the inside of the PRV and the cavitation of the water supply system of an apartment house. In this paper, nine types of PRV with different gaps and shapes were analyzed numerically using a 3D model embedded in the commercial code, ANSYS-CFX. The lowest pressure and the maximum velocity occurred at the narrow gap, which is located at the between the stem and the disk. When the gap size was increased, the vapor volume fraction was always greater than 0, but the vapor volume fraction of the type of expansion pipe approached 0. These results indicate that the cavitation of PRV can be reduced by a shape change to the type of expansion pipe.