• Vending industry
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• v.8 no.3
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• pp.70-79
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• 2008

$\Box$ 시장개요 o 독일 자동판매기 시장은 매출이나 수입, 수출량에서 큰 성장이 없다. 그러나 기존의 주를 이루던 음료, 스낵 자판기 이외에 다양한 자판기 물품 수요가 높아지고 있어 새로운 시장 개척의 기회가 되고 있다. o 자판기 시장의 대부분을 차지하는 음료, 스낵 자판기는 주로 사내에 비치되어 있다. 쉽게 거래처를 바꾸지 않는 독이 바이어 특성상, 기존 고객 유지와 신상품 개발이 주요 성공요인이 될 수 있다. o 자동판매기 시장의 특징은 담당 업체가 자판기 판매에서부터 지속적인 제품 조달 유지, 청소까지 맡게 된다는 점이다. 급격한 수요 증가가 예상되지 않는 한, 구매후의 서비스가 재구매 여부를 결정한다고 할 수 있다. $\Box$ 경쟁 동향 o 독일 자판기 시장에는 독일 제품과 더불어 프랑스, 네덜란드와 같은 주변 유럽국가의 제품들이 시장을 지배하고 있다. 대부분 한 업체에서 물품에 상관없이 다양한 자판기를 생산하고 있다. o 최근에는 선택의 폭이 넓은 복잡하고 다양한 자판기 제품이 인기를 끌고 있다. 박람회를 통해 선보이는 신상품에 대한 관심이 높아지고 있다. o 신선한 디자인과 다양해진 제품의 양이 새로운 구매 요소로 떠오르고 있다. 자판기의 위치 또한 중요한 변수가 되면서 좋은 위치 선점이 경쟁력 향상에 도움이 될 것으로 보인다. $\Box$ 마케팅 참고사항 o 자동판매기의 경우, 사업 파트너와의 협상이나 각각 상품에 따라 가격이 매우 유동적이다. 기존 시장에서의 기업 인지도 역시 가격 협상에 영향을 미치기 때문에 시장의 정확한 가격을 알아보기가 매우 힘들다. 자사의 가격이 곧 핵심역량을 나타내기 때문에 제3자에게 공개되는 일이 적다. o 독일에서는 우리나라와 달리 온라인 광고시장이 활성화되어 있지 않다. 자동판매기도 온라인 광고보다는 전문 잡지를 통해 광고한다. 올해에도 이런 경향은 지속될 것으로 보인다. $\Box$ 수출 시 참고사항 o 자판기 관련 제품의 독일 진출 시 현재까지 특별한 제약 사항은 없다. 관세는 1.7%이며 부가세는 다른 제품과 동일하게 19%를 적용 받는다. o CE 마크의 획득은 필수적이다. 독일 내 진출을 생각한다면 GS 마크를 획득하는 것도 도움이 된다.

• Journal of Korea Port Economic Association
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.301-318
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• 2009

This primary purpose of this study is to suggest alternatives for raising the Korea Post as a global logistics firm using a case study. The following alternatives for raising the Korea Post as a global logistics are suggested. First, as a first stage, in addition to previously established business scope such as saving, mail, insurance, logistics business unit have to be added. Second, as a second stage, warehousing and multimodal transport logistics have to be strengthened through M&A or self-financing and investment. Third, as a third stage, market coverage and service scope is to be expanded to country having larger logistics market size. Finally, as a fourth stage, global-oriented total logistics service is to be provided.

• International Area Studies Review
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.712-739
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• 2009

This study organized various perspectives on the scope of arts management in terms of business management based on bibliographical speculations and statistical data. Management of arts such as performance art involves organizational management, human resources management, marketing and financial management. However arts management needs a new perspective in terms of access to specific academic area of arts while it can be approached in a derivative perspective of management theories. For arts include professional areas that need aesthetic perspective and interpretation of aesthetic history. As art market were opened where active international exchanges have been made over the past ten years, a new strategic approach in management is needed for major international arts markets such as the U.S.A., Europe and China. Such international arts markets involve international auctions markets, international Biennale, international art fair and overseas advance of galleries. First, we need strategic approaches such as nurturing star artists. Second, large-scale exhibition planning of artistic works from world-famous museums or art museums should be developed.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2011.05a
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• pp.459-459
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• 2011

전 세계적으로 이용 가능한 수자원이 한정되어 있는데 반해 기후변화, 인구증가에 따른 물 부족 사태는 심각해져 가고 있다. 이에 따른 대체수자원의 개발이 지속적으로 요구되고 있으며, 하수재 이용과 더불어 가장 큰 성장세를 보이고 있는 해수담수화는 이미 국내외에서 주요 용수 공급원으로 이용되고 있다. 하지만, 현재 국내에선 해수담수화 플랜트 기술 연구에 비해 해외 시장에 대한 연구는 미흡하기 때문에, 국내 기업의 해외시장 진출 지원이 취약한 실정이다. 본 연구에서는 Frost & Sullivan의 2004년 자료를 기초로 하여 남부유럽, 북아프리카, 중동, 페르시아만 연안 6개국, 사우디아라비아 지역 37개 국가를 대상으로 해수담수화 수익성 평가를 하였다. 조사 기간은 2000년부터 2010년까지며, 각 지역별 연 수익금 및 증가율을 조사하였다. 조사 결과 5개 지역 모두 2010년까지 모두 증가 추세를 보였으며, 각 지역마다 증가율은 다르게 나타났다. 또한 분석 결과의 신뢰성 확보를 위해 Frost & Sullivan의 수익성 평가 자료와 Global Water Intelligence(GWI)에서 2010년도에 발간한 Desalination Market(2010)의 해수담수화 자본지출 (CAPEX)과 비교 분석하였다. 비교 분석한 지역은 5개 지역과 각 지역에서 한 개의 국가를 선정하여 총 5개 국가를 대상으로 하였으며, 기간은 2007년부터 2010년까지 비교 분석하였다. 분석 결과 2007년부터 2010년까지 북아프리카, 사우디아라비아를 제외한 해수담수화 수익금이 증가할 것으로 예측한 세 개 지역의 해수담수화 자본지출(CAPEX)이 모두 증가된 것으로 나타났으며, 비교기간 동안 해수담수화 수익금이 하강할 것으로 나타난 북아프리카의 알제리는 해수담수화 자본지출(CAPEX)이 실제로 하강했던 것으로 나타났다. 하지만, 사우디아라비아의 경우 해수담수화 수익금은 상승할 것으로 나타났으나, 자본지출금액은 하강한 것으로 나타났다. 또한 시장 증대 요인 및 억제 요인에 대한 조사 결과 해수담수화 시장 증대 요인은 5개 지역 모두 물 부족에 따른 영향이 가장 큰 것으로 나타났으며, 사우디아라비아의 경우 지하수자원 부족에 대한 영향이 가장 큰 것으로 나타났다. 이는 기후변화에 따른 강우사상 변화, 인구 증가에 따른 것으로 판단된다. 또한 시장 억제 요인으로는 남부유럽을 제외한 4개 지역이 정치적 분란인 것으로 나타났다.

• Food Science and Industry
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• v.52 no.2
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• pp.188-201
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• 2019

In the past, food additives were classified and managed as chemical synthetic and natural additives according to the manufacturing process, but it was difficult to confirm the purpose or function of food additives.CODEX, an internationalstandard, classifies food additives according to their practical use, based on scientific evidence on the technical effects of food additives, instead of classifying them as synthetic or natural. Therefore, very recently, the food additive standards in Korea have been completely revised in accordance with these global trends. Currently, the classification system of food additives is divided into 31 uses to specify their functions and purposes instead of manufacturing methods. Newer revision of the legislative framework for defining and expanding the scope of the Act as an enlarged area is required. Competition for preempting new food products based on bio-based technology is very fierce in order to enhance the safety of domestic people and maximize the economic profit of their own countries. In this age of infinite competition, it is very urgent to revise or supplement the current regulations in order to revitalize the domestic food industry and enhance national competitiveness through the development of food additives using new biotechnology. In this report, current laws on domestic food ingredients, food additives and manufacturing methods, and a comparison of domestic and foreign advanced countries' regulations and countermeasures strategies were reviewed to improve national competitiveness of domestic advanced biotechnology-based food additives industry.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.10 no.8
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• pp.381-390
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• 2010

Recently major developed countries such as U.S. and EU selected u-health as future growth engine industry, and concentrated their capabilities. Major companies all around the world entered this u-health business, too. Most of the research in this field have confined their research focus on the elementary technologies for infrastructure building. This research systematically investigates u-health business models with various objectives in various sub-fields. For this purpose, the value chain of u-health industry is analyzed, and then various business model cases are explored all around the world. Finally, the future changes possible to occur in the life insurance industries are analyzed.

• Plant Journal
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• v.7 no.3
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• pp.42-47
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• 2011

One of domestic power generation companies, Korea East-West Power Corporation(EWP) had no performance in overseas business just two short years ago. However, EWP has accomplished breakthrough results with the profit of KRW 17.8 billion in 2010, only overseas business part. With overseas power plant growing fast, there is a possibility that EWP may face the limitation of sustainable growth with the current low income structure, which is mainly focused on commissioning and power plant management. Accordingly, this study was made on overseas biomass plant business participation plan through the establishment of joint venture. The characteristics of a joint venture establishment was searched, choosing business partner; the ideas of how to organize a joint venture was drawn, what the role of each partner in joint venture is, and what proper capital share is; and chose business field, considering changing global energy mix, renewable energy market scale, and growth prospects. Considering government policy for renewable energy vitalization and renewable energy market share, We chose the European union as a market to which our business entered.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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• 2021.10a
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• pp.673-675
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• 2021

Biometric technology is a next-generation information security technology that provides reliability and convenience. As a core technology in the post-corona era, then on-contact biometric access control system is capable of non-face-to-face and automated technology, and is active not only in Korea but also in overseas markets such as the United States, Europe, and the Middle East. There are precautions that must be taken to reflect requirements such as cooperation between companies and approval of the US Food and Drug Admin is tration in developing IoT-based smart device customized sensors and securing H/W systems.

• International Commerce and Information Review
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.191-225
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• 2014

Most of all, this paper analyzes the current situation of EU(European Union) and ascertain EU's economic condition in terms of tariff lines and non-tariff barriers. and the purpose of this article is to find out the problems of EU's tariff lines and non-tariff barriers. Next, We suggest some future direction of export promotion from Korea to EU more largely for our companies. First, this paper describes the characteristics and outline of EU. The EU is a politico-economic union of 28 member states that are primarily located in Europe. The EU traces its origins from the European Coal and Steel Community(ECSC) and the European Economic Community(EEC), formed by the Inner Six countries in 1951 and 1958, respectively. After that, The Maastricht Treaty established the European Union under its current name in 1993. The latest major amendment to the constitutional basis of the EU, the Treaty of Lisbon, came into force in 2009. There are a combined population of over 500 million inhabitants and generated a nominal gross domestic product(GDP) of 16.692 trillion US dollars in EU. The results are as follows ; First of all, In terms of tariff lines and customs duties, Our companies have to know precisely EU's real tariff lines and other customs duties, and such as value added tax and exercise tax, corporate tax regulated by EU commission and EU's 28 members. second, our companies have to confirm EU's non-tariff barriers. such as RoHS, WEEE, REACH. These non-tariff barriers could be hindrances or obstacles to trade with foreign companies in other countries. We perceive all companies exporting to EU are related with these Technical Barriers to Trade irrespective of their nationality. So, Our companies fulfill the requirements of EU Commission concerning safety, health, environment etc. Also, Our companies choose market-driven strategy to export more largely than before in the field of marketing and logistics.

• Journal of Korea Port Economic Association
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• v.33 no.3
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• pp.1-16
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• 2017

China has achieved rapid economic growth in the late 1970s with economic reform and open-door policy. China's economic growth began initially in the eastern coastal areas and from the 2000s expanded to the western and northeastern regions where the economy was relatively underdeveloped. In particular, in 2013 'One-Belt One Road' initiative proposed by Xi Jinping, the current General Secretary of the Communist Party of China is not only a key strategy for China's advancement into the world and also provides important opportunities for the development of these backward regions. Inland Port is the inland logistics hub and plays a crucial role in enhancing access to maritime ports as well as access to adjacent inland countries. Therefore, a number of inland ports have been developed and operated in order to enter into overseas markets and secure resources in the northeastern and western regions of China. This study aims to examine the role and development of inland port in 'One-Belt One Road' scheme. In conclusion, 'One-Belt One Road' will further increase the role of inland port, and in response, the development of inland port will play a pivotal role in one belt one road initiative. In this respect, Korean companies need to consider plans to participate in the development and operation of inland ports in China, which would provide opportunities to spread Northern markets including China, Russia, Central Asia, Eastern Europe.