• Asia-pacific Journal of Multimedia Services Convergent with Art, Humanities, and Sociology
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• v.6 no.6
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• pp.395-402
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• 2016

Recently, firms confront to rapid environmental changes due to scientific development and demand change. Firms are trying to improve supply chain capability to react these environmental changes. Being in these improvement processes, it is important to collaborate with other partners in the supply chain. Firms have tried to outsource their in-house activity to other partners and have eliminated wasteful factors in their process and the supply chain is getting leaner. This study investigates the effect of waste factor degree on supply chain performance under external risks. Test results in this paper show that waste level has negative relationship with supply chain performance. The effect of waste level on the supply chain performance is influenced by external risk. As waste level increases, risk has moderating effect between waste level and supply chain performance. That means it is important to focus on utilization, productivity or integration properly for managing the external risk in order to improve the supply chain performance.

• Proceedings of The Korean Society of Agricultural and Forest Meteorology Conference
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• 2014.10a
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• pp.25-48
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• 2014

Increased frequency of climate extremes is another face of climate change confronted by humans, resulting in catastrophic losses in agriculture. While climate extremes take place on many scales, impacts are experienced locally and mitigation tools are a function of local conditions. To address this, agrometeorological early warning systems must be place and location based, incorporating the climate, crop and land attributes at the appropriate scale. Existing services often lack site-specific information on adverse weather and countermeasures relevant to farming activities. Warnings on chronic long term effects of adverse weather or combined effects of two or more weather elements are seldom provided, either. This lecture discusses a field-specific early warning system implemented on a catchment scale agrometeorological service, by which volunteer farmers are provided with face-to-face disaster warnings along with relevant countermeasures. The products are based on core techniques such as scaling down of weather information to a field level and the crop specific risk assessment. Likelihood of a disaster is evaluated by the relative position of current risk on the standardized normal distribution from climatological normal year prepared for 840 catchments in South Korea. A validation study has begun with a 4-year plan for implementing an operational service in Seomjin River Basin, which accommodates over 60,000 farms and orchards. Diverse experiences obtained through this study will certainly be useful in planning and developing the nation-wide disaster early warning system for agricultural sector.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2019.05a
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• pp.9-9
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• 2019

기후변화로 인한 다년 가뭄은 매년 증가하여, 충청남도에 위치한 보령댐과 보령댐으로부터 용수를 공급받는 지자체의 시민들 또한 2015년부터 2017년까지 지속된 가뭄으로 인해 총 127일 동안의 생 공용수 급수조정으로 인한 불편함을 경험하였다. 지금까지 시행된 국내의 다양한 가뭄 피해 저감 정책 설립 과정은 대부분 일방적인 하향식(top-down) 의사결정 과정을 바탕으로 진행되었고, 이는 이해당사자와 정책결정자간의 갈등을 유발했다. 이로 인한 피해를 방지하기 위해 본 연구에서는 참여형(bottom-up) 의사결정 과정 중 하나인 비전공유계획을 충청남도 기후변화 적응 물관리정책 협의회를 통해 적용하였다. 또한, 비전공유계획의 핵심 요소인 비전공유모형을 시스템 다이내믹스 모형의 특성을 포함하여 개발하고자 STELLA Architect 소프트웨어로 보령댐 및 8개 지자체를 포함한 저수지 운영모형을 구축하였고, 총 3차례의 소위원회를 거쳐 수렴한 이해당사자의 요구사항에 따라 개발한 모형을 보완하였다. 구축한 모형으로는 미래에 발생 가능한 가뭄의 위험을 포함하고 있는 기후변화 시나리오에 대한 모의를 진행하였고, 보령댐과 보령댐으로부터 용수를 공급받는 충청남도 서해수역 지자체의 가뭄으로 인한 취약성을 평균부족횟수, 평균부족기간, 평균부족량으로 표현하였다. 모의 결과, 보령댐은 8개 지자체보다 가뭄에 상대적으로 더 취약하며, 8개 지자체에서는 가뭄 대응 대책이 주로 계획되어 있는 지역과 모의에서 가뭄이 발생하는 지역의 불일치로 인한 피해가 발생할 수 있음을 확인하였다. 또한, 다른 평가지표에 비해 예측하기 어려운 평균회복기간에 대해서는 댐과 지자체에서 이를 고려하는 것이 필요하다. 비전공유모형을 통한 가뭄 취약성 분석 결과를 미래 회의에서 이해당사자와 공유하고, 용수 공급처과 수요처의 입장에서 용수 부족을 해소할 방안을 모형에 적용함으로써 미래 가뭄 대응 정책 수립 과정에는 참여형으로 의사결정을 할 수 있음을 제안하였다.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Marine Environment & Energy
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• v.10 no.4
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• pp.227-234
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• 2007

The present study attempts to provide basic directions to respond to sea-level rise effectively based on the status of sea-level rise and its impact. The impact of the sea-level rise will be one of the most adverse component among climate change due to global warming. The basic approach to deal with sea level rise requires both mitigation and adaptation. Though the emission reduction can reduce a portion of sea level rise, the rising trend cannot be avoided due to the difficulty of the emission reduction and a strong inertia of the ocean. Therefore an effective corresponding direction has to focus on the development of appropriate adaptation strategies. Because sea level rise problem has scientific uncertainty, the corresponding system has to be designed to deal with the processes of information and awareness, planning and design, implementation, and monitoring and evaluation in continuous and long-term process. The future task to correspond effectively to the issue in Korea includes the improvement of scientific information, the development of adaptative measures, the enhancement of people awareness, the consensus of corresponding necessity, and formation of integrated corresponding system.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information Security & Cryptology
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• v.29 no.1
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• pp.5-16
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• 2019

Modern state-of-the-art military aviation assets are operated with independent embedded real-time operating systems(RTOS). These embedded systems are made with a high level of information assurance. However, once the systems are introduced and installed on individual platforms for sustaining operational employment, the systems are not actively managed and as a result the platforms become exposed to serious threats. In this paper, we analyzed vulnerability factors in the processing of mission planning data and maintenance-related data for fighter aircraft. We defined the method and form of cyber attacks that modulate air data using these vulnerabilities. We then proposed a detection module for integrity detection. The designed module can preemptively respond to potential cyber threats targeting high - value aviation assets by checking and preemptively responding to malware infection during flight data processing of fighter aircraft.

• Journal of Korean Elementary Science Education
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• v.43 no.1
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• pp.81-94
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• 2024

This study explores and conducts an in-depth comparison of the epistemic characteristics in different data types utilized in the science inquiries of preservice teachers regarding noise as a risk in everyday life. Focusing on primary and secondary data in the context of science inquiries about noise, we examined how these data types differ in science inquires in terms of inquiry design, data collection, and analyses. The findings reveal that sensor-based primary data enable direct measurement and observation of key phenomena. Conversely, secondary data rely on predetermined measurement methods within a public data system. These differences require different epistemic considerations during the inquiry process. Based on these findings, we discuss the educational implications concerning teaching approaches for science inquiries, teacher education for inquiry teaching, and the development of risk response competencies in preparation for the VUCA (Volatility, Uncertainty, Complexity, and Ambiguity) era.

• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
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• v.10 no.3
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• pp.827-832
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• 2024

Science communication based on social reflection and political consensus among social members should be activated rather than focusing on science and trying to find solutions in a short period of time in order to respond to science and technology risk issues in modern society, which are the main characteristics of complexity, uncertainty, and unpredictability. The purpose of this study is to examine science communication suitable for a risk society and to present implications by exploring in detail how the concept and flow of science communication have changed due to changes in the social paradigm and what is needed to revitalize science communication. When scientific knowledge and understanding of science are combined with public participation, and science communication that can demonstrate practical expertise and efficiency can be realized when empirical knowledge to solve problems in a risk society is strengthened away from the authority and power of science alone.

• The Journal of Sustainable Design and Educational Environment Research
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.13-20
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• 2022

The proportion of old buildings over 40 years among all school facilities is about 20%. The degree of deterioration is also increasing, resulting in safety risks that reduce the residential safety of faculty and students or a poor environment that does not meet the new curriculum and educational conditions is rapidly increasing the need for repair and renovation of school facilities. In order to fully fulfill its role as a space for implementing education, school architecture requires an understanding of the national curriculum and a clear criterion for determining the relationship between education and space. In order to set the evaluation criteria for deteriorated school architecture, this study presents judgment data centered on quantification and accuracy so that relevant personnel can utilize scientific analysis, research and development of detailed and systematic comprehensive evaluation indicators, and quantified evaluation methods.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2016.05a
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• pp.220-220
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• 2016

최근 국지적 기상변화에 따른 도시 산악지역의 돌발홍수 발생빈도가 증가함에 따라 위험기상 관측 및 홍수의 사전감지 대응에 대한 관심과 필요성이 증대되고 있다. 이에 발맞춰 국토교통부 및 기상청 등에서는 이중편파레이더를 설치 운영 중에 있으며, 이를 이용한 정량적 레이더강수량 추정 및 예측에 대한 연구가 활발히 진행 중이다. 레이더를 이용한 정량적 강우추정을 위해서는 레이더관측, 신호처리, 품질관리(QC), 강우추정 알고리즘 적용, 보정 등 일련의 과정을 거치게 되며, 이러한 과정 속에서 다양한 불확실성 요소가 존재하기 때문에 레이더자료의 정확도에 대한 평가가 요구되고 있다. 그러나 레이더강우량의 불확실성이 어느 정도 수준인지 정량적으로 제시하기는 어려우며, 그 기준 또한 모호하다. 따라서, 본 연구에서는 총 25개 강우사상(2012 ~ 2014년)을 대상으로 비슬산강우레이더 관측자료와 관측영역 내 지상강우자료를 이용하여, 누적강우량, 평균차, 상대분산, 변동계수 등을 통해 레이더강우의 정량적인 불확실성을 요약 제시하고자 하였다. 본 연구는 레이더강우의 정량적인 불확실성을 파악할 수 있는 기초적인 과정이며, 도출된 연구결과는 현재 레이더강우 추정의 수준을 파악하고 추후 레이더강우의 개선 수준을 비교 검토 할 수 있는 자료로 활용이 가능할 것으로 판단된다.

• Journal of Science and Technology Studies
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.229-262
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• 2015

Toxic tort cases have increased dramatically since the 1970s, as large technological systems, such as nuclear power plants and chemical factories, or mass-produced, high-tech products, had exposed citizens and consumers to dangerous substances. It was, however, difficult to establish causal connection between exposure and the alleged harms in many of the environmental, pollution, and product liability cases under the framework of tort law conception of causation and responsibility. Science and law was called upon to resolve such 'late modern' legal cases where true causes are hard to find, where no single explanatory factor is sufficient for explaining diseases like cancer. This article examines how plaintiffs in the Korean tobacco litigation mobilized such late modern tools in science and law, such as epidemiology and the allocation of the burden of proof, in the context of the global circulation of science and law. It further shows how a set of the scientific theories and legal arguments developed in order to cope with late modern risk played a central role in establishing a causation between smoking and cancer in 2011. This article suggests that STS scholars can fruitfully examine the interaction between science and law as a way to understand and engage with social and legal issues engendered by late modern risk.