• Environmental Analysis Health and Toxicology
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• v.15 no.1_2
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• pp.19-29
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• 2000

Acetanilide may be released into the environment through air and wastewater from its production and use sites as an intermediate in the synthesis of pharmaceuticals and dyes. Acetanilide is biodegraded rapidly under aerobic conditions and decomposed by indirect photolysis in the presence of OH radicals. An estimated bioconcentration factor of 4.5 suggests that bioaccumulation in aquatic organisms is low. Ecotoxicological data on acetanilide exist on acute toxicity to fishes of 4 species only. According to the EUSES system, the lowest PNEC (Predicted no effect concentration) in fishes is 0.01 mg/1 and PEC (Predicted environmental concentration) for surface water on a regional scale is 9.1$\times$10$\^$－5/mg/l as the worst case. RCR (Risk characterization ratio) of acetanilide for surface water on a regional scale was estimated as 9.1$\times$10-3, which is safe enough for fishes, RCR on a local basis slightly exceeds the value 1 in water and sediment; that is, 1.3 and 1.6, respectively, which suggests the existence of ecotoxicological risk at the vicinity of the manufacturing site. For the refinement of environmental risk assessment on acetanilide, more data should be collected regarding prolonged fish toxicity, acute toxicity toward daphnia and algae. It is, therefore, recommended that acetanilide should be a candidate for further work to supplement the lacking data until it is proved to be safe in the ecotoxicological aspects.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Surveying, Geodesy, Photogrammetry and Cartography
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.9-17
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• 2005

The objective of the study is to extract information about the road surfaces to be studied by analyzing asphalt concrete-paved road surface images photographed with a digital video camera. To analyze the accuracy of road surface information gained using a digital imagery processing method, it was compared and analyzed with the outcomes of control surveying. As a result, an average error of 0.0427 m in the X-axis direction, that of 0.0527 m in the Y-axis direction, and that of 0.1539 m in the Z-axis direction were found, good enough for mapping at a scale of 1:1,000 or less and GIS data. Besides, information on road surface assessment factors such as crack ratio, the amount of rutting and profile index was gained by analyzing processed digital imagery. This information made it possible to conduct road surface assessment by generating PSI and MCI. As quality digital image information has been gathered from roads and stored, important fundamental data on PMS (Pavement Management System) will become available in the future.

• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
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• v.9 no.9
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• pp.9-14
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• 2018

This study aims to investigate an importance of Author keyword with analysis the position of author keyword. An analysis was carried out on the position of author keyword. we examined an importance of Author keyword by using degree centrality, closeness centrality, betweenness centrality, eigenvector centrality. In the next stage, we performed analysis on correlation between network centrality measures and the position of keyword. As a result, degree centrality, closeness centrality, betweenness centrality, eigenvector centrality both has a high value in 4th author keyword order. eigenvector centrality was the comparatively effective method to separate of author keyword order method than other 3 centrality. Correlation analysis result shows that the network analysis value are increasing in order. This study has significance in that it was able to examine the author keyword behavior. Future research is needed to identify and supplement future situational factors, behavior, and psychology.

• Journal of Elementary Mathematics Education in Korea
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.505-530
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• 2017

Although mathematically gifted students have potential and creative productivity, they might not manifest group level creative synergy. To manifest group creativity among them, the manifestation process should be facilitated and the process losses should be minimized. The purpose of this study is looking for the method to facilitate the manifestation process of group creativity and minimize the process losses of it. To do this, a case study method was adopted. The products and process losses of the manifestation process of group creativity was analysed. In conclusion, the processes and products of group creativity were concretized and the process losses were analysed by social/motivational and cognitive factors. In addition, the justification and agreement were necessary for the manifestation process of group creativity among mathematically gifted students.

• The Journal of the Korea institute of electronic communication sciences
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.379-386
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• 2023

When patients suffer from finger injuries, their finger joints can become stiff and inflexible due to decreased ability to exercise the finger tendons. This can lead to a loss of strength and difficulty using their hands. To address this, it is important to provide patients with consistent rehabilitation treatment that can help restore finger flexibility and strength simultaneously. In this study, we propose wearable gloves that use FSRs (force sensitive resistors) for finger strength training. The glove is designed to be adjustable using rubber bands and a custom PCB is designed for signal acquisition. For the evaluation of finger strength training, the result was analyzed in four cases. We suggest a vector that represents the center of five finger forces, and the result shows that the vector can indicate the level of force balance.

• The Mathematical Education
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• v.62 no.4
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• pp.515-529
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• 2023

The purpose of this study is to analyze teachers' understanding of the number and operations area of grades 3 to 6 in elementary school mathematics curriculum and to derive implications for improving teachers' understanding of the mathematics curriculum. To this end, elementary school teachers were asked to develop items to evaluate curriculum achievement standards at each grade level, and then the teachers' understanding of the curriculum was examined based on the collected items. As a result of the study, there was a misinterpretation of the achievement standards in approximately 25% of the questions collected. Typically, cases where the content covered by each grade was confused when using textbooks as a standard, or cases where the difference between the content covered by the two achievement standards could not be completely distinguished were found.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Physical Medicine
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.103-110
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• 2012

연구목적 : 본 연구는 노인의 성별이 낙상에 영향을 줄 수 있는 체중분포지수에 미치는 차이를 알아보고자 한다. 연구방법：광주광역시 소재 빛고을 노인건강타운 물리치료실을 이용하는 65세 이상 66명(남성 33명, 여성 33명) 노인을 대상으로 남성노인 평균연령은 70.97세, 여성노인 평균연령은 71.39세로 모든 대상자는 TETRAX의 체중분포지수(weight distribution index; WDI)를 이용하여 성별에 따라 그 차이를 비교 분석하였다. 측정 방법 은 안정된 발판에서 눈을 뜨고 정면을 향한 자세, 안정된 발판에서 눈을 감고 정면을 향한 자세, 불안정한 발판에서 눈을 뜨고 정면을 향한 자세, 불안정한 발판에서 눈을 감고 정면을 향한 자세, 안정된 발판에서 눈을 감고 고개를 오른쪽으로 돌린 자세, 안정된 발판에서 눈을 감고 고개를 왼쪽으로 돌린 자세, 안정된 발판에서 눈을 감고 고개를 뒤로 젖힌 자세, 안정된 발판에서 눈을 감고 고개를 숙인 자세로 측정하였고, 분석방법은 SPSS version 12.0을 이용하여 통계처리 하였고, 남녀 간의 안정성지수와 체중분포지수의 평균차이 검정은 독립표본 t-검정을 실시하였다. 통계학적 유의성을 검증하기 위해 ${\alpha}$는 유의수준 0.05로 하였다. 연구결과 : 성별에 따른 WDI비교에서 불안정한 발판과 안정된 발판에서 눈을 뜬 상태와 감은 상태에 정면을 향한 자세, 안정된 발판에서 눈을 감고 고개를 왼쪽과 오른쪽으로 돌린 자세에서 유의한 차이가 있었으나 안정된 발판에서 고개를 뒤로 젖힌 자세와 고개를 숙인자세에서는 유의한 차이는 없었다. 결론 : 본 연구의 결과를 바탕으로 성별에 따른 노인의 WDI에 영향을 미칠 수 있는 요인을 파악하여 낙상예방프로그램 기초자료로 활용 될 것으로 생각된다.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.32 no.12B
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• pp.815-825
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• 2007

It is necessary to establish a systematic framework where the performance of governmental funding projects can be evaluated just-in-time as well as objectively regarding IT small and medium-sized enterprises and venture business. In this study, a framework is proposed for the performance evaluation using Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) and a case study is illustrated with an empirical dataset. Especially, in order to enhance the reliability of optimal solutions, a DEA/AR-I revised model is developed by adding Acceptance Region (AR) Type I constraints into the DEA basic model. Based on the procedure and the models, it is considered that an 'efficiency score' can be calculated as a guideline for conducting successive performance evaluation processes fast. As for major governmental funding projects with respect to 'IT SMERP 2010 Plan', performance evaluations are discussed concerning between projects as well as between corporate entities within each project.

• The Journal of Society for e-Business Studies
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• v.24 no.4
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• pp.109-118
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• 2019

As a result of the United States (U.S) -China trade conflict, the recent instability of the stock market has led many people to invest in Bitcoin, a commodity that many previous studies have interpreted as a safe asset. However, recent Bitcoin market price fluctuations suggest that the asset's stability stems from speculative purchasing trends. Therefore, classifying the characteristics of Bitcoin assets can be an important reference point in analyzing relevant accounting information. To determine whether Bitcoin is a safe asset, this study analyzed the correlation between Bitcoin and economic indicators to verify whether gold and Bitcoin responded similarly in time series analyses. These show that the regression explanatory power between the price of gold and bitcoin is low, thus no relation between the two assets could be drawn. Additionally, the Granger causality analyses of six individual economic variables and Bitcoin did not establish any notable causality. This can be interpreted that short-term price fluctuations have a significant impact on the nature of Bitcoin as an asset.

• Journal of Science and Technology Studies
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• v.6 no.2 s.12
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• pp.45-75
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• 2006

This study analyzed the meanings and drives, and government roles in NIS transformation process. Specifically, I deal with changes in the S&T policy and S&T public administration system as NIS changed from catch-up to post catch-up. As a result, S&T policy and administrative structure has changed as key elements of a new form of steering the transformation process. Though changed from direct to indirect, the role of the state remains strong in 'vision creation' and 'discursive coordination' as supporter and facilitator of the NIS transformation process. Especially, administration structure has been changed to strengthen decentralized pluralism and linkages and cooperation between government and private, between firms and universities, among inter related ministries.