Environmental Analysis Health and Toxicology

The Korean Society of Environmental Health and Toxicology (환경독성보건학회)
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Initial Risk Assessment of Acetanilide with Respect to Ecological Integrity

아세트아닐리드의 초기 환경위해성 평가

  • Lee, Su-Rae (Environmental Toxicology Research Team, Korea Research institute of Chemical Technology) ;
  • Park, Seon-Ju (Environmental Toxicology Research Team, Korea Research institute of Chemical Technology) ;
  • Lee, Mi-Kyung (Environmental Toxicology Research Team, Korea Research institute of Chemical Technology) ;
  • Nam, U-Kyung (Environmental Toxicology Research Team, Korea Research institute of Chemical Technology) ;
  • Chung, Sun-Hwa (Chemical Management Division, Ministry of Environment) ;
  • Seog, Geum-Su (Chemical Management Division, Ministry of Environment) ;
  • Park, Kwang-Sik (Risk Assessment Group, National Institute of Environmental Research) ;
  • Kim, Kyun (Environmental Toxicology Research Team, Korea Research institute of Chemical Technology) ;
  • Kim, Yong-Hwa (Environmental Toxicology Research Team, Korea Research institute of Chemical Technology)
  • Published : 2000.06.01
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Abstract

Acetanilide may be released into the environment through air and wastewater from its production and use sites as an intermediate in the synthesis of pharmaceuticals and dyes. Acetanilide is biodegraded rapidly under aerobic conditions and decomposed by indirect photolysis in the presence of OH radicals. An estimated bioconcentration factor of 4.5 suggests that bioaccumulation in aquatic organisms is low. Ecotoxicological data on acetanilide exist on acute toxicity to fishes of 4 species only. According to the EUSES system, the lowest PNEC (Predicted no effect concentration) in fishes is 0.01 mg/1 and PEC (Predicted environmental concentration) for surface water on a regional scale is 9.1$\times$10$\^$－5/mg/l as the worst case. RCR (Risk characterization ratio) of acetanilide for surface water on a regional scale was estimated as 9.1$\times$10-3, which is safe enough for fishes, RCR on a local basis slightly exceeds the value 1 in water and sediment; that is, 1.3 and 1.6, respectively, which suggests the existence of ecotoxicological risk at the vicinity of the manufacturing site. For the refinement of environmental risk assessment on acetanilide, more data should be collected regarding prolonged fish toxicity, acute toxicity toward daphnia and algae. It is, therefore, recommended that acetanilide should be a candidate for further work to supplement the lacking data until it is proved to be safe in the ecotoxicological aspects.

아세트아닐리드는 의약품과 염료의 합성과정에서 중간체로서 공기와 폐수를 통하여 환경 중에 방출될 수 있다. 아세트아닐리드는 호기적 조건하에서 신속히 생분해되고 OH 래디컬의 존재하에 간접적으로 광분해된다. 생물농축계수는 4.5로 추정되므로 수생생물에서의 생물농축은 낮을 것으로 예상된다. 아세트아닐리드에 관한 생태독성학적 데이터 조사결과 4종 어류에 대한 급성독성치만 보고되어 있으며, EUSES시스템에 의하면 어류에서의 최저 PNEC 값(예상 무작용농도)은 0.01mg/l이고 표면수에서의 PEC값(예상 환경농도)은 지역수준에서 최악의 경우 9.1$\times$$10^{-5}$mg/l이다. 지역수준에서 표면수에 대한 아세트아닐리드의 RCR(위해성지수)은 9.1$\times$$10^{-3}$으로 추정되어 어류에 대한 안전성은 충분하다. 그러나 국지 수준에서의 RCR은 물과 침적물에서 각각 1.3과 1.6이므로 제조공장 주변에서는 생태독성 위험이 존재할 것으로 추정된다. 아세트아닐리드의 환경위해성 평가를 보다 정확하게 하기 위해서는 물벼룩과 조류에 대한 급성독성 자료가 보완되어야 할 것이며, 따라서 이에 대한 실험이 진행되어야 할 것으로 사료된다.

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