• Journal of Life Science
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• v.19 no.11
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• pp.1651-1657
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• 2009

Physical activity and exercise can promote sensorimotor recovery from central nerve injury. It has been suggested that the functional recovery promoted by exercise training after spinal cord injury might be associated with insulin-like growth factor-I in the inflicted muscle. To investigate morphological and biochemical change of the soleus muscle after spinal cord injury, all tissues were used for H&E, immunofluorescence staining and Western blot. Also, BBB-test was used to evaluate behavioral improvement after spinal cord contusion. Thirty male Sprague-Dawley rats ($230{\pm}10\;g$; 7week in age) were assigned equally to three different groups; Normal (n=10), SCI (n=10), SCI+TMT (n=10). Every rat in SCI and SCI+TMT groups underwent laminectomy at T9 level and then contusion on the exposed spinal cord site in anesthetized condition. After one week-recovery from contusion, every rat in the SCI+TMT group exercised on a motorized treadmill for 30min/d, 5d/wk for 7wks. TMT followed by injury increased IGF-I induction levels in the soleus muscle and inhibited muscle atrophy. Behavioral scales for 4 and 8 weeks after spinal cord injury were improved in the SCI+TMT group compared to the SCI group. These results suggest that treadmill exercise after spinal cord injury might promote functional recovery along with muscle regrowth through the up-regulation of IGF-1 in muscle tissue.

• The Journal of the Korean bone and joint tumor society
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.100-105
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• 2011

Vascular malformations may typically present with palpable mass that can be either asymptomatic or can present with symptoms including swelling and pain. On rare occasions, vascular malformation of muscle may produce joint deformities caused by contracture of the involved muscle. When vascular malformation involves the flexor muscle of the leg, ankle equinus deformity may occur. However, there are no reports of toe deformities secondary to intermuscular or intramuscular vascular malformations of flexor muscles of toe. Thus, we report a case of vascular malformation of flexor hallucis longus muscle with flexion contracture of toes in a 40-years-old woman who was treated with surgical excision.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.244-246
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• 2007

Clinical and histopathologic features of idopathic polymyositis in twenty-month-old Alaskan malamute dog are described. The clinical signs were progressive exercise intolerance with acute exacerbation of weakness, muscle atrophy, synchronous pelvic limb gait, short stiff steps and tip-toeing as like walking on eggshells. Physical and clinical examination revealed no evidence of neurologic, skeletal and secondary muscular disorders associated with other diseases. Therefore muscle biopsy was performed at the most severe muscle atrophy lesions to confirm by histopathology. Histopathologic findings documented mononuclear cell infiltration and necrosis of muscle fiber and it was diagnosed as idiopathic polymyositis. Initial treatment was focused on pain relief. Prednisone at immunosuppressive dose (2 mg/kg) was administered orally twice daily. After 3 weeks of starting treatment, the patient showed improvement of gait, appetite, exercise as well as gradually return to normal state of hematologic and serum chemistry profiles.

• Journal of Applied Biological Chemistry
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• v.65 no.4
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• pp.387-396
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• 2022

Skeletal muscle accounts for about 40-50% of body weight and is an important tissue that performs various functions, such as maintaining posture, supporting soft tissues, maintaining body temperature, and respiration. Cancer, which occurs widely around the world, causes cancer cachexia accompanied by muscular atrophy, which reduces the effectiveness of anticancer drugs and greatly reduces the quality of life and survival rate of cancer patients. Therefore, research to improve cancer cachexia is ongoing. However, there are few studies on the link between cancer and muscle atrophy. Cancer cells exhibit distinct microenvironment and metabolism from tumor cells, including tumor-associated macrophages (TAM), tumor-associated neutrophils (TAN), and insulin resistance due to the Warburg effect. Therefore, we summarize the microenvironment and metabolic characteristics of cancer cells, and the molecular mechanisms of muscle atrophy that can be affected by cytokine and insulin resistance. In addition, this suggests the possibility of improving cancer cachexia of substances affecting TAM, TAN, and Warburg effect. We also summarize the mechanisms identified so far through single agents and the signaling pathways mediated by them that may ameliorate cancer cachexia.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.281-294
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• 1991

The purpose of this study was to determine the amount of soleus muscle atrophy in rats due to 28 days of decreased activity induced by hindlimb suspension, to observe the restoration of mass and relative muscle weight of the atrophied soleus muscle at day 28 of recovery to control value, and to compare the effect of run training on the mass and relative muscle weight of the atrophied soleus muscle at day 28 of recovery with that of sedentary rats. Adult female Wistar rats were maintained for 28 days with hindlimb suspension. Rats were then assigned randomly to a cage sedentary or running group. Soleus muscle mass and relative muscle weight following hindlimb suspension were compared with a control value. The soleus muscle mass and relative muscle weight of the running and cage sedentary groups following hindlimb suspension were compared with those of a control group. Soleus muscle mass and relative muscle weight of the run training group were compared with those of cage sedentary group. The results obtained were as follows : 1. Soleus muscle mass and relative muscle weight was reduced to 53.28% and 51.11% respectively by hindlimb suspension. 2. Soleus muscle mass and relative muscle weight of the training group t day 28 of recovery was restored to the control value. 3. Soleus muscle mass of the training group was greater than that of the cage sedentary group by 6.6% without statistical significance at day 28 of recovery. 4. Relative soleus muscle weight of the traning group was significantly greater than that of the cage sedentary group by 15.79% From these results, it may be concluded that run training during the posthypokinetic period facilitates the recovery of the atrophied soleus muscle mass of rats.

• Journal of Sericultural and Entomological Science
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.17-22
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• 1971

A series of experiments were conducted from 1968 to 1970 to find the transmission effects of the dwarf disease of mulberry tree in connection with inlay grafting and insect vector with the following conclusions: 1. The inlay-grafting of sound scions on diseased roots showed a 30 per cent transmission rate among the successful grafts. The inlay-grafting of diseased scions on sound roots showed a 14 per cent transmission rate among the successful grafts ir the case of scions cut and stored before wintering but no transmission effect in the case of scions prepared after wintering, There were some stocks, among the unsuccesful grasfts of diseased scions upon sound roots, that sprouted out new buds, no transmission effects were found in them, 2. Leafhoppers (Hishimonus disciguttus Walker) collected from areas with no dwarf disease infection were grouped into three plots and let to feed on mulberry tree severely infected by dwarf disease for 7 days, 14 days and 21 days respectively. After these preliminary treatment, the leafhoppers were recollected to be fed on the sound seedling divided into three plots for 10 days, 15 days and 20 days respectively to find the transmission effects. The results are that the 7 day plot showed no transmission effect whereas the 14 day plot showed a 22 per cent disease rate and the 21 day plot 61 per cent rate indicating that the longer the feeding period is the higher the transmission rate.

• Biomedical Science Letters
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.91-108
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• 1996

The present study was designed to examine effect of short term treadmill and weight-training on aging arophy in the rat skeletal muscle. Male rats of 24 months old were used. Each groups included control, treadmill and weight-training for 4 weeks by using treadmill apparatus and body press apparatus. The histo and cytochemical, ultrastructural and stereological changes in senile skeletal muscles of the rat were observed in the present study. During the training period the body weight and muscular weight in all groups remained constant. The volume density of muscle fiber type IIC and IIB were increased, that of type IIA was decreased, but type I remained constant in treadmill-training group. In weight-training rat, the density of type IIA and IIB were increased, both those of type IIC was decreased. But, all changes of muscle fiber type is not significant. Senile control group some usual formation of mild contraction band, liposuscin pigment and muscular splitting were observed. After treadmill-training, histological and ultrastructural changes occurred in the muscle fiber, such as irregularity of the sarcolemma, interfibrillar vacuolization, longitudinal splitting, and widened I-bond. After weight-training, the changes occurred in the trained muscle fiber, such as appearances of many lysosomes and autophagic vacuoles, severe contraction band, and breakup of myofibrils. Histo and cytochemical studies showed that the activities of succinic dehydrogenase and acid phosphatase remained constant, activities of $Mg^{++}$-ATPase decrease with training. Stereological changes were not observed in the volume and numerical density of all subject component, but the surface density of mitochondrial inner membrane was increased with treadmill-training. These experimental results suggested that endurance training during short-term may result in the adaptible response in senile skeletal muscles. On the other side, weight-training is bad for senile skeletal muscle.

• Information and Communications Magazine
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• v.29 no.1
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• pp.4-9
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• 2011

IT산업은 우리 경제 성장에 큰 역할을 해왔다. 최근 세계경기가 위축되면서 IT산업에 대한 기대가 다시 커졌다. 그러나 IT 환경 변화로 세계시장 구조, 혁신 원천, 경쟁 양상이 급변하고 있다. 즉, 융합 시장이 커지고 SW기업이 시장을 주도한다. 기업 간 인수합병(M&A)과 특허분쟁도 빈발한다. 우리는 이런 변화에 적극 대응하며 다양한 성과를 냈다. 하지만 융합이 초기단계이고 SW 경쟁력이 여전히 취약하다. 2012년 IT산업은 그간 쌓아온 역량을 토대로 글로벌 입지를 더 넓혀야 한다. 이를 위해 IT산업 정책은 IT융합 확산, SW 경쟁력 확보, 선제적 미래 준비에 초점을 두고 추진할 계획이다.

• The Academic Congress of Korean Shoulder and Elbow Society
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• 2009.03a
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• pp.12-13
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• 2009

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Fisheries Technology Conference
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• 2001.05a
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• pp.57-58
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• 2001

최근 우리나라는 연근해 어업에 대한 환경변화가 심화되면서 어로작업의 생력화 및 지역특성에 알맞은 어구어법개발이 필요시 되고 있는데 제주도의 경우 주변국가와의 어업협정 이후 어장축소 등으로 말미암아 종래의 어선어업이 위축되면서 따라 연안 유용수산자원 생산성 향상을 도모하여 어민소득증대에 기여할 새로운 어구어법 개발이 시급히 요구되고 있다. 학공치 표층예망어구는 장래 이러한 문제를 해결 할 수 있는 연안어업의 하나이다. (중략)