• Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
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• v.34 no.5
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• pp.425-435
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• 2020

This study aims to investigate the impact of the physical structure, such as altitude, slope gradient, slope direction, and topographical structure, and the vegetation pattern, such as existing vegetation, diameter of breast height (DBH), and crown density, on climate. The analysis results showed the significant difference in relative humidity, wind speed, and solar radiation at varying altitudes, the significant difference in all climate factors except for the wind speed at varying slope gradient, and significant difference in temperature and relative humanity at varying slope direction. The topographic structures were divided into valleys, slopes, and ridges. They were found to differ in relative humidity. However, the differences between constant trends and types were found to be insignificant concerning temperature, wind speed, and solar radiation. Significant differences in temperature, relative humidity, and wind speed were recorded with changing existing vegetation. The DBH showed a significant difference in temperature, wind speed, and solar radiation. The crown density showed a significant difference in temperature and solar radiation. The result of the relationship analysis for the analysis of the effect of vegetation pattern and physical structure on the meteorological environment showed that temperature was affected by slope gradient, slope direction, DBH, and crown density. The relative humidity was correlated with the altitude, slope gradient, slope direction, and topological structure in physical structure and the existing vegetation and crow density in vegetation pattern. The wind speed was correlated with the altitude, existing vegetation, and DHB, and the solar radiation was correlated with the slope gradient, DHG, and crown density. The crown density was the most overall significant factor in temperature, relative humidity, and solar radiation, followed by the slope gradient. DBH was also found to be highly correlated with temperature and solar radiation and significantly correlated with wind speed, but there was no statistically significant correlation with relative humidity.

• Korean Journal of Childcare and Education
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• v.2 no.2
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• pp.165-185
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• 2006

The purposes of this study were (1) to investigate the relationship of conflict components, and (2) to investigate interaction of conflict participants. Subjects were ninety-four 3-, 4- and 5-year-olds recruited from eleven child care centers in Seoul, Kyonggi and Incheon province. Interaction process between these young children were recorded by a video camera, and the scenes were transcribed for analysis of peer conflict situations which occurred between two children. Statistical methods used for data analysis were frequencies, percentiles, means, standard deviations, Chi-square. First conflict components are interrelated. There was a significant difference conflict resolution strategies according to conflict issue, and a significant difference conflict outcomes according to conflict resolution strategies. Also conflict outcomes were related to conflict emotion expression. Second, the stratigies interaction of conflict participants were significant and conflict emotion expression of conflict participants were significant.

• Korean Journal of Agricultural and Forest Meteorology
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.115-125
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• 2024

Wind is a meteorological factor that has a significant impact on agriculture. Gust cause damage such as fruit drop and damage to facilities. In this study, low-altitude wind speed prediction was performed by applying physical models to Local Ensemble Prediction System (LENS). Logarithmic Law (LOG) and Power Law (POW) were used as the physical models, and Korea Ministry of Environment indicators and Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) data were applied as indicator variables. We collected and verified wind and gust data at 3m altitude in 2022 operated by the Rural Development Administration, and presented the results in scatter plot, correlation coefficient, Root Mean Square Error (RMSE), Normalized Root Mean Square Error (NRMSE), and Threat Score (TS). The LOG-applied model showed better results in wind speed, and the POW-applied model showed better results in gust.

• The Journal of Korean Society for School & Community Health Education
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.17-34
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• 2009

연구배경: 최근 청소년 흡연의 저연령화 문제가 심화되고 있어 청소년 흡연 대책마련이 절실히 요구되고 있다. 그 중에서도 흡연예방교육은 근본적인 문제를 해결할 수 있는데, 우리나라의 교육여건상 흡연예방교육을 위하여 할애할 수 있는 시간과 독립성, 교육내용상의 질을 한꺼번에 개선하기는 매우 힘들다. 이과 같은 문제를 해결하기 위하여 본 연구는 기존의 교과 과정의 구조에 체계적인 연계성 이론을 적용하여 통합적인 흡연예방 프로그램을 구상하게 되었다. 연구방법: 수직적/수평적인 연계성 이론에서 통합성, 접합성, 연결성의 3가지 영역을 적용하기 위한 방법은 다음과 같다. 1) 지식, 태도, 기술, 행동에 따른 일반적 가이드 라인을 재조성하였다. 2) 효과적인 흡연예방을 위한 사회/심리적인 요인을 기존 교과와 같이 보완할 수 있도록 개발하였다. 3) 기존 교과서의 내용을 분석하여 흡연예방과 관련된 효과와 단원을 파악하여 2)과 3)을 접합하였다. 4) 연결성은 거시적인 관점에서 지금까지 개발된 모든 요소들이 관련되어 있음을 보여 주어야 하므로, 본 연구는 가이드라인, 강화내용, 각 교과 단원이 모두 연결되어 있음을 보여주는 표 제시로 완성하고자 하였다. 이 연구를 위하여 각 교과를 대표하는 교과서 총 111권이 검토되었다. 연구결과: 청소년 흡연예방에 효과적이라고 알려진 사회/심리적인 모든 요인들은 사회, 윤리, 도덕 등의 교과에서 충분히 다루고 있음을 알 수 있었다. 그러나, 흡연과 직접적으로 관련되어 있지 않기 때문에 흡연예방교육과 상관이 없다고 여겨질 수 있다. 이러한 단점을 보완하기 위하여 각 관련 교과와 단원, 흡연예방관련지도를 제안하는 교사용 보완 지도자료 지침서가 개발되었다. 흡연예방교육에 필요한 모든 교육적인 요소들이 수직적(초중고등학교), 수평적(각 교과간)으로 연계되어 있음을 보여 주었다. 연구결론: 독립적인 흡연예방 프로그램을 개발하기 보다는 이와 같이 기존의 커리큘럼에 구조적으로 통합할 수 있는 흡연예방 프로그램이 비용-효율적일 수 있다.

• The Journal of the Acoustical Society of Korea
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.61-70
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• 1996

According to topics or speaker's intentions in a dialogue, utterance spoken by speaker has a different sentence structure of word combinations. Based on these facts, we have proposed the statistical approach. IDT(intention decision table), which is modeling the correlations between sentence patterns and the intention. In a IDT, the sentence is splitted into 5 different factors, and the intention of a sentence is determined by the similarity between and intention and 5 factors that have represent a sentence. From the experimental results, the IDT has indicated that the prediction rate of an intention is improved 10~18% over the word-intention correlations and is enhanced 3~12% compared with the MIG(Markov intention graph) that models the intention with a transition graph for word categories in a sentence. Based on these facts, we have found that the IDT is effective method for the prediction of an intention.

• The Korean Journal of Nuclear Medicine
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• v.28 no.3
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• pp.357-363
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• 1994

We evaluated the diagnostic accuracy of $^{99m}Tc$-DISIDA scintigrauhy as a mean of differentiating biliary atresia from neonatal hepatitis. $^{99m}Tc$-DISIDA scintigraphy was visually interpreted by assessing the presence or absence of radioactivity in the intestine or gall bladder. In patients without intestinal radioactivity, we measured the hepatic retention index and the hepatic uptake index. The hepatic retention Index was expressed as the amount of change of liver activity from 5 minutes to 30 minutes postinjection. The hepatic uptake Index was graded visually with 5 minute images using the following scoring scheme : grade 0(normal hepatic uptake), grade 1(decreased hepatic uptake), grade 2(hepatic uptake equal to cardiac uptake), and grade 3(hepatic uptake less than cardiac uptake). Age, total bilirubin, and hepatic uptake index were compared between the biliary atresia and the neonatal hepatitis group, between neonatal hepatitis patients with and without intestinal radioactivity, and between the biliary atresia and neonatal hepatitis patients with absent intestinal radioactivity. The results were as follows ; 1) None of the 30 biliary atresia patients showed intestinal radioactivity, while 31/40 neonatal hepatitis patients showed intestinal radioactivity. The sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of the presence of intestinal radioactivity ?or the diagnosis of biliary atresia was 100%, 78%, and 87%, respectively. 2) In patients with absent intestinal radioactivity the mean hepatic retention index was $1.5{\pm}0.6$ in the 16 biliary atresia patients, and $1.1{\pm}0.2$ in the 7 neonatal hepatitis patients(p<0.01). All 7 patients with hepatic retention index over 1.5 had biliary atresia. But there were 9 patients with biliary atresia below 1.5. 3) No significant differences were found in age, total bilirubin, or hepatic uptake Index between biliary atresia and neonatal hepatitis patients. However there were differences in age, total bilirubin, and hepatic uptake index between neonatal hepatitis patients with and without intestinal radioactivity. The hepatic uptake index was significantly lower, age was old, and total bilirubin was low in the group with intestinal radioactivity compared the group without intestinal radioactivity(p<0.05). Relation between total bilirubin and the hepatic uptake index was that total bilirubin was relatively low at normal hepatic uptake index in biliary atresia and neonatal hepatitis patients. 4) When hepatic uptake index and hepatic retention index were high it suggest that biliary atresia is more likely, considered relation between hepatic uptake Index and the hepatic retention index. Thus, we conclude that $^{99m}Tc$-DISIDA scintigraphy is accurate in the differential diagnosis of biliary atresia and neonatal hepatitis. In patients without intestinal radioactivity, the hepatic retention index and hepatic uptake index, along with the patient's age and total bilirubin level may supplement diagnosis and improve diagnostic accuracy.

• Science of Emotion and Sensibility
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.3-16
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• 2020

Recently, as the fashion e-commerce market has expanded, the proportion of online shops that are growing rapidly has increased and with them so too has competition. Most retailers operating online shops need their own competitiveness, and accordingly, the need to develop their logistics service quality components is increasing. This study investigated the quality of the logistics services, which is a factor of the logistics service quality of the internet shop. It influences customer satisfaction and repurchase intention by collecting samples from the customers using online fashion shops. Two hundred customers who shop online were surveyed to extract the data. The sample was subjected to basic statistical analysis using the SPSS 25.0 package, and factor analysis, t-test, ANOVA, and correlation analysis were performed. The results of this study showed that the information quality of proactive return, promptness of the return process, and reliability of the return cost had a positive impact on customer satisfaction, and it had a significant influence on the customer's repurchase intention to the online store. A selection of shops showed high amounts of return reasons, high customer satisfaction, and high repurchase, whereas, in general, many others scored poorly across these criteria. This suggests that a retailer operating online should consider pages for receiving information plus sales content in addition to the quality and constituent factors of its logistics services for returns that influence repurchase and satisfaction.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.20 no.11
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• pp.324-334
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• 2019

This study investigates the characteristics of patients hospitalized at a convalescent hospital, by considering patient groups based on their medical record information. It further analyzes and correlates the factors, thus providing basic data required to improve the patient classification system at convalescent hospitals. The data includes total information of 213 medical records of patients discharged from a convalescent hospital in the Jeonbuk region during a period of one year, from January to December 2016. The study examines and correlates the days of hospitalization and the number of diseases, revealing a positive correlation having a correlation coefficient, thereby indicating that infliction with a greater number of diseases results in longer hospitalization. Based on these findings, the study raises the need to revise and supplement items on the patient assessment report to help determine the patient groups and identify medical efforts to be actually provided to patients. In addition, a proper care service system for each patient group based on their respective problems that are intensively managed according to the patient groups will be an essential element in the efficient management of convalescent hospitals. Furthermore, an important task addressed will be in managing the health of the elderly population at the national level.

• The Korean Journal of Ecology
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• v.28 no.1
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• pp.15-23
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• 2005

The black locust (Robinia pseudoacacia L.) forests were studied by a phytosociological approach. Particular attention was given to characterize the vegetation classification, distribution pattern, and ecological flora of the syntaxa classified. A total of 38 releves were analyzed by using Correlation coefficient, UPGMA as the clustering method, and Principal Coordinates Analysis for ordination. Ecological flora analyzed by plant character sets such as scrambler, annual and biennial plants, forest elements, and actual urbanization index. The analyzed data are based on site-releve matrix with relative net contribution degree (r-NCD) of species. A total of 77 families, 193 genera and 323 species of vascular plants are recorded. Camellino-Robinietum pseudoacaciae ass. nov. and Phragmites-Robinia pseudoacacia community were described. Main cluster and ordination could be separated: 1) urban type, 2) rural type, 3) riparian type, and 4) combined type. It is defined that the Robinietum is a representative unit on the black locust afforestation, Phragmites-Robinia community on the lentic zone in the river ecosystem, and Cameliino-Robinietum ailanthetosum altissimae as an urban forest type. The Robinietum was considered as a perpetual community.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.468-477
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• 2017

The purpose of this study was to exam nursing students to verify the effects of self-directed learning readiness, teacher-student interaction, educational performance, stress and learner motivation on learner satisfaction. The study population consisted of second and third year nursing students at E university located in S city. Data were collected between June 15, 2016 to June 24, 2016, and questionnaire comprised items to measure general characteristics, learner motivation, teacher-student interaction, self-directed learning readiness, educational performance, and learner satisfaction. A total of 132 students were included for the final analysis. Learner satisfaction was positively correlated with self-directed learning readiness (r= .21, p= .018), teacher-student interaction (r= .39, p<.001), educational performance (r= .21, p= .014), and learner motivation (r= .75, p<.001). In addition, learner motivation was positively correlated with self-directed learning readiness (r= .24, p= .005), teacher-student interaction (r= .38, p <.001), and educational performance (r= .21, p= .018). Finally, learner motivation and teacher-student interaction were found to explain 59.7% of the variance of learner satisfaction. Our findings suggest strategies and interventions that boost learner motivation and teacher-student interaction which are required to improve learner satisfaction in nursing education.