• Korea Trade Review
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• v.48 no.2
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• pp.1-26
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• 2023

The purpose of this study is to demonstrate how internal capability adjustments made by subsidiaries in response to local market adaption and market changes, together with the use of internal and external networks, have an impact on the investment performance of such subsidiaries. From the empirical results, it was proven that the larger the extent of internal capability adjustment made by subsidiaries, and the more quickly and flexibly it is implemented, the more positive the investment performance is. The empirical findings also showed that in this process, the use of internal/external network embeddedness has a positive mediating impact on the investment performance. Additionally, the results of statistical analysis support the research hypothesis that external embeddedness has a greater mediating influence on multinational manufacturing companies entering Chinese market than internal embeddedness. It implies to the top managers of subsidiaries that the subsidiary should actively utilize external embeddedness to create a new locational competitive advantage in the local region, as well as develop a strategy to reduce foreignness costs such as cost of adapting to the local system.

• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.101-113
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• 2018

This paper investigates the relationship between external search strategy and radical innovation performance. As the discrepancies that can exist among the varying sources of external knowledge is overlooked, the existing literature on the effect of external search strategy on radical innovation performance remains inconclusive. This study aims to reconcile such mixed findings by recognizing that external knowledge can be distinctive depending on the environment in which its source is embedded in; specifically, this paper examines the relationship between external search strategy and radical innovation performance by distinguishing external search from 'market' and 'non-market' relationships. We test our hypotheses with a sample of 431 firms from the manufacturing industries from the 2010 STEPI survey. Our empirical findings suggest that external search strategy from market relationships positively influences radical innovation performance, while the influence of external search strategy from non-market relationships is found to be not significant. Our research suggests that in order to improve radical innovation performance, firms must be able to maintain a cooperative relationship with other actors connected with market relationships and to effectively exploit the market knowledge obtained from these actors.

• Membrane Journal
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• v.30 no.5
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• pp.326-332
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• 2020

In this study, polymer-fluorinated silica composite hollow fiber membranes were fabricated and applied to a membrane contactor for the recovery of methane dissolved in the anaerobic effluent. To prepare the composite membranes, porous hollow fiber substrates were fabricated with Ultem^®, a commercial polyetherimide (PEI). Subsequently, fluorinated silica particles were synthesized and coated on the surface via strong covalent bonding. Due to the high porosity, our membrane showed a CH₄ flux of 8.25 × 10^-5 ㎤ (STP)/㎠·s at the liquid velocity of 0.03 m/s which is much higher that that of commercial polypropylene membrane designed for degassing processes. This is attributed to our membrane's high porosity as well as a superior surface hydrophobicity (120~122°) resulted from the coating with fluorinated silica nanoparticles.

• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship
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• v.9 no.4
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• pp.13-25
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• 2014

This study advances research on new venture by taking the organizational ecology perspective to explore the relationship between social legitimacy and new venture performance. We examine how entrepreneurs' organizing activity and social norm shape the social legitimacy. This paper also categorizes the social norms into three parts: social norm that is 1) supporting success achieved through one's own effort 2) encouraging start-up, and 3) promoting risk-taking. Using a dataset of PSED(Panel Study of Entrepreneurial Dynamics) from 2005 to 2011, we found that entrepreneurs' organizing activity has a positive effect on new venture performance. In addition, this study presents the moderating effects of 'liability of newness' that decreases the effect of organizing activity on new venture performance. Interestingly, with respect to the social norm, 'liability of newness' only moderates the relationship between start-up encouraging social norm and new venture performance.

• Korean Journal of Social Welfare
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• v.67 no.2
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• pp.161-181
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• 2015

This article tries to identify the regulating mechanism of the welfare states on the private spheres of individuals and families. When the welfare state is to be understood as an institutional arrangement which is based upon the 'modernity', the reflectivity on the welfare state is about to be on the modernity and on the institutions as well. Authors assume the welfare state as an historical and developmental type of modern states. The critical components of modernity embedded in birth and growth of modern welfare states projected to their institutions are identified. Welfare states dissociates the political dynamics which have built the foundation of the welfare state itself, and faces against the new political dynamics of the individualized society. Finally, welfare state confronts the institution failure due to its intrinsic characteristics, and consequently individuals and families come across the institution dependency. Individuals in the overly rationalized spheres are being depoliticized, and they are identified themselves as the subjects of status-struggles of the institutions other than the subjects of the political dynamics of welfare states.

• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
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• v.7 no.4
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• pp.331-336
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• 2021

This study first examined the social meanings of typicality found in the prison, (solitary) confinement, and conduit(passage) in Peter Halley's works, in which both the prison and (solitary) confinement represent a suppressed structural framework. The former has freedom and escape excluded from it, and the latter allows for mutual regulation and connection as a space of positive mediation. Conduits are interpreted to be flexible and have the potential of creating something new through connection and communication with the outside world. The study then compared and analyzed the meanings of typicality in Halley's works and the concept of segments proposed by Gilles Deleuze and Félix Guattari as social justice in that both of them were in the same context. The findings lead to a conclusion that Halley's prison, (solitary) confinement, and conduit(passage) can be connected to a solid, flexible, and escape segment, respectively, by Deleuze and Guattari.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Propulsion Engineers Conference
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• 2009.11a
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• pp.507-510
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• 2009

The small size of hybrid rocket using PE-$LN_2O$ was designed, constructed and launched for a development basic technology of Hybrid rocket vehicle. The hybrid engine ignition system was designed with valve system using external actuator and confirmed working without any fault. To design fuel grain an internal ballistics design was carried out, and to estimate rockets flight path an external ballistics analysis was carried out. So the rocket was designed and constructed, and the launch test proves that hybrid rocket's design was suitable. The hybrid rocket(weight : 9kg, diameter : 110 mm, height : 1.7 m) was launched successfully. But parachute was deployed on mid-flight and the mission could not finish its purposed flight. Some of problems were found in this activity but next launch vehicle will be improved.

• Proceedings of the Plant Resources Society of Korea Conference
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• 2010.10a
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• pp.3-3
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• 2010

GM 들잔디의 환경위해성평가는 유전자변형생물체의 국가간이동등에 관한 법률 (2008년)에 안전관리 및 시험평가가 수행되었다. 일반적으로 GM 작물의 환경위해성평가는 도입 유전자의 안정적 발현여부, 일반적으로 사용되어온 식물과의 실질적 동등성, 화분비산에 의한 유전자이동성 검정, GM재배작물 주변 환경에 미치는 영향, GM작물 및 유전자의 인체 및 동물에 대한 안전성 평가, 위해성 관리 등이 있다. 본 발표에서는 제초제저항성 GM 들잔디를 실용화 하기위한 환경위해성평가의 내용을 소개하기 위하여 GM 들잔디의 안전성평가를 수행한 포장시험에 대해서 간략히 발표하고자 한다. GM 들잔디는 제초제저항성 유전자가 식물체내에 1개의 복제수를 갖으며, 후세대에서도 안정적으로 발현되었다. 또한 TAIL PCR을 통한 도입 유전자의 삽입 부위를 확인하였고, 주변염기서열을 이용한 JG21 들잔디 만의 특이적 염기서열을 얻었다. GM 들잔디의 실질적 동등성검정은 격리온실 수준과 격리포장 수준에 생물학적, 화학적 특성을 조사하였고, 일반 들잔디와 큰 차이가 없음을 확인하였다. GM 들잔디의 화분은 일광조건하에서 약 1시간 이내에 불활성 되었고, 실내의 실온조건에서는 3시간까지 활성이 유지되었다. GM 들잔디 재배포장 ($12m{\times}6m$ 크기)으로부터 화분비산 밀도는 3 m 이내에서 높게 나타났고, 9 m 이상의 거리에서는 낮은 빈도로 일정하게 나타났다. 화분비산에 의한 GM 들잔디 유전자이동성은 근접거리에서 약 15%가 관찰되었고, 반경 3 m 이내에서 거리에 따라서 2 ~ 0.12%의 유전자이동성이 관찰되었다. 각각의 시험모형에 따른 GM 들잔디와 일반들잔디 간의 교잡율을 조사한 결과 들잔디 교잡율은 GM 잔디의 면적과 거리에 의존적이었고, GM 들잔디 면적에 따라서 6-21%의 교잡율이 나타났다. GM들잔디의 인체위해성평가는 독성 및 알레르기 반응성을 검정하였고, 도입유전자 산물인 PAT 단백질은 독성 및 알레르기 반응성이 없음이 알려져 있다. 본 연구에서는 GM들잔디의 독성 및 알레르기 반응성을 검토한 결과 아플라톡신 등의 독성은 검출되지 않았으나, GM과 일반 들잔디 모두에서 화분 알레르기 반응성이 양성으로 나왔다. 그러나 GM들잔디에 도입된 유전자에 의한 알레르기 반응이 아닌 일반들잔디 화분에 가진 알레르겐에 의한 반응성이라 할 수 있다. GM들잔디의 비의도적 방출가능성을 조사하기위하여 시험포장외부의 자연환경에 대해서 환경모니터링을 수행한 결과 GM 들잔디의 유출 및 유전자이동 의한 제초제저항성 들잔디는 나타나지 않았다.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.25 no.6
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• pp.1074-1079
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• 1996

Physicochemical characteristics of pigment separated from cockle shell were studied. Pigment on the cockle shell was peeled with distilled water, and soaked in 4% TCA solution for 30 minutes and filtered. Filtrate was washed 3 times with distilled water and Iyophilized. Dried pigment was dissolved with 2N NaOH solution and preparative TLC with 2N NaOH : acetone(1 : 1). UV/vis spectrum of pigment separated from cockle shell and melanin as standard was same one peak at UV area and λ$_{max}$was 226nm. Dissolved property of pigment was same as that of melanin. Pigment was not ommochrome but like melanin, because it was insoluble in formic acid, whitening in $H_2O_2, $ and pattern of UV-spectrum was same as melanin. Pigment separated from cockle shell was stable at high temperatures. In thermal treatment at $70^{\circ}C, $ $80^{\circ}C, $ $90^{\circ}C$ and $100^{\circ}C$ for 8 hours, retention ratio of pigment separated from cockle shell were 95.0%, 93.3%, 90.8% and 87.6%, respectively.

• Journal of Technology Innovation
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• v.30 no.2
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• pp.29-58
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• 2022

Startups lack resources and manpower to build internal capabilities to strengthen market competitiveness; external cooperation such as joint research and networking plays is important. In this study, we analyzed the effect of startups' industry-university cooperation on organizational learning capability and innovation performance. Empirical results demonstrate the mechanism by which government R&D investment strengthens organizational learning capability and creates innovative results by promoting cooperation between startups and universities. First, industry-university cooperation strengthened organizational learning capability. An empirical analysis shows that startups increase internal capabilities through external cooperation. Second, startups' organizational learning capability had a significant effect on innovation performance. We analyze how organizations with high learning capabilities positively develop corporate innovation performance by having a culture of discovery and sharing new ideas. Finally, industry-university cooperation had different effects on organizational learning capability and innovation performance according to the previous experiences of startup founders. In particular, small- and medium-sized (startup) businesses and individual-based experience groups positively affected the creation of organizational learning capabilities and innovation performance through industry-university cooperation. Small- and medium-sized businesses and individual founders have a relatively small cooperative network with the outside world compared to founders of large companies, universities, and research institutes; therefore, they strengthen organizational learning capabilities through cooperation with universities. This study demonstrates that government should create policy inducements for cooperation with universities to maximize the R&D performance of startups. Criticism exists that lending support to startups and universities will hinder innovation performance; nevertheless, government investment plays a role in expanding intangible resources such as accumulating technologies, fostering high-quality human resources, and strengthening innovation networks. Therefore, the government should appropriately utilize the its authority to strengthen investment strategies for startup growth.