• School Mathematics
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• v.6 no.3
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• pp.235-249
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• 2004

The purpose of this study was to analyze the error patterns and sentence types in word problems with respect to 1$\frac{3}{4}$$\div$$\frac{1}{2}$ which were made by the pre-service elementary teachers, and to suggest the clues to the education in pre-service. Korean elementary teachers in pre-service misunderstood 'divide with $\frac{1}{2}$' to 'divide to 2' by the Korean linguistic structure. And they showed a new error type of 1$\frac{3}{4}$$\times$2 by the result of calculation. Although they are familiar to 'inclusive algorithm' they are not good at dealing with the fractional divisor. And they are very poor at the 'decision the unit proportion' and the 'inverse of multiplication'. So, it is necessary to teach the meaning of the fractional division as 'decision the unit proportion' and 'inverse of multiplication' and to give several examples with respect to the actual situation and context.

• Journal of Information Management
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• v.31 no.2
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• pp.1-10
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• 2000

Many experts predict that 21st century will be knowledge-based society. That is, knowledge beside labor, capital will be recognised as important assets and powerful competitiveness. The main aim of government-supported research institute is to evolve R&D activities and to diffuse them. And all process including R&D activities can be called to knowledge life cycle. This paper reviews understanding of KM and information professional's role in research information center. Sometimes, CEOs misunderstand that only building of knowledge management system is sucess of knowledge management initiatives but the most important factors of its success are human and culture of knowledge sharing, not H/W systems. Information professionals must be consultant, analyst, content manager, planner and marketer, knowledge manager to practice knowledge management initiatives successfully.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute Of Construction Engineering and Management
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• autumn
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• pp.483-488
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• 2001

Knowledge Management System(KMS) is being built or built in many construction companies for their Competitive Power over expecting that KM leads to Managemental effective outcome and brings out profit. But the real aspects contrary to those Expectations and the outcome through KM dose not match the anticipant value. It is why most of them do not have a tendency to consider of besides of Computer system which are organization culture or cognition of members and think important of Computer System except others and the study on KM has not been enough. As those reason, there are little great managemental or administration growth through KM. On these problems this study has been started, and Organization Culture for KM's practical efficiency was treated and studied in the paper how to solve the problems and make KM effective.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.29 no.9C
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• pp.1345-1351
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• 2004

Due to the overwhelming importance the Internet gained nowadays, more and more sophisticated security services are requested. However many applications such as Internet Banking, Home Trading System, Electronic Medical Recede, electronic commerce, etc. are related to non-repudiation. Non-repudiation services are one of these new security requirements. ill comparison to other security issues, such as privacy or authenticity of communications, non-repudiation has not been studied intensively. Informally, we say that a protocol is fair if at the end of the protocol execution either originator receives a non-repudiation of receipt evidence and recipient receives a non-repudiation of origin evidence or none of them receives any valid evidence. The most non-repudiation protocols rely on a trusted third party(TIP) that has to intervene during each protocols run. the TIP may create a communication bottleneck. ill this paper, we suggest the digital signature recorder that guarantees fairness logically and supplies minimal network bottleneck to be composed verification server physically.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.13 no.6
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• pp.173-180
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• 2008

Certified e-Document Authority keep it with protection legal as a system a guarantee and identifies originality of an e-Record, It presume to be authenticity e-Records and contents of an e-Record prove what was not changed. But, e-Records has high medium degree of dependence and loss danger of information has very high problems. In addition, Because correction(attachment and deletion) and a revision of information are easy, a problem for integrity and the originality of an e-Record is caused. Existing system show the following inefficient. For the originality guarantee, an existing e-Documents encryption method accomplishes a encrypted process of a whole document with a symmetric key, if the information revised midway, the whole documents content must accomplish re-scanning and re-encryption process again. To get over such inefficient, this paper maximize efficiency which occurred at the time of partial information revision request by encryption and managing using the link information based on the linkage characteristics of the each page on the registered requested e-Documents, It was able to increase security configuration by minimizing problems on an information exposure through increasing complicated of the key management.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Railway
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.376-381
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• 2009

While applying the systems engineering (SE) in systems development, a series of technical reviews play a critical role and is intended to monitor the status of the progress and outcomes of the project for which appropriate technical plans prepared earlier should be executed. It is noted however that during the technical review executed as planned, a lot of problems usually come out. Included are the ambiguity in the reports of the progress status and outcomes, discrepancies among the opinions from different participants, and the delay in carrying out the tasks. To solve those problems in an early stage, informal reviews are usually adopted before the formal technical reviews are held. A type of the informal reviews is the peer review. This paper is concerned with the peer review process model to make the later technical reviews more effective. Specifically, we first review the necessity and meaning of the peer reviews. We then study a model for the peer review process. To model the process, the methods of an IDEF modeling and schema definition have been applied using a computer-aided SE tool, Cradle(R), in the environment of the national research and development project. As a result, the implemented process model can show hew the peer review process is designed and managed to be utilized in the technical review. The documents related with the peer review process can also be generated automatically from the developed model Database. Finally, a general misunderstanding about the peer review and its improvement plan have also been mentioned.

• Journal of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.51 no.6
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• pp.577-584
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• 2007

The purpose of this study is to suggest how to use the phase diagram for water to explain the evaporation and sublimation in the atmospheric condition. In principle, the phase diagram for water represents a one component system so it cannot be applied to the water contact with the air. When the liquid or solid phase of water exists in the air, always water vapor also exists in the air. In this case, we cannot present this state as a single point on the phase diagram because the pressure of the liquid or solid is different from that of the vapor in the air. However, since the saturation vapor pressure of liquid or solid is altered by negligible amount due to the presence of air, the evaporation and sublimation in the atmospheric condition can be explained using the vapor pressure line and sublimation line on the phase diagram.

• The KIPS Transactions:PartD
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• v.9D no.1
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• pp.167-172
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• 2002

Recently, some of people are keep in research and development of the further more efficient and convenient auction systems using intelligent software agents in electronic commerce. The purpose of this thesis is that a simple auction system has web bulletin boards, is aided by intelligent agent, and generates pertinent auction duration time and starting price for auction goods of auctioneer into a auction system, then the auctioneer gets the highest margin. The seller who want to sell goods, is using internet sends mail that has information for goods to agent of internet auction system. The agent undertake filtering process for already learned information about similar goods. And it calculate duration time and start price from stored bidding history database. In this thesis we propose a mailing agent system pushing information in internet auction that enables to aid decision for auctioneer about the starting time and price which delivers the highest margin.

• Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
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• v.27 no.6
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• pp.570-574
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• 2005

Keratoacanthoma is a benign, self-limited epithelial lesion that closely resembles Squamous cell carcinoma(SCC). Keratoacanthoma occur primarily exposed skin in male patients over 45 years of ages. although etiology is unknown, sunlight, genetic, and human papillomavirus factor have been considered. in clinical feature, rapid enlargement occurs over 4$\sim$8 weeks, resulting ultimately in a hemispheric, firm, elevated, asymptomatic nodule that contains a central plug of keratin. When fully developed, the keratoacanthoma contains a core of keratin surrounded by a concentric collar of raised skin. Over the next 4$\sim$8 weeks, static lesion persists. Then undergoes spontaneous regression over the next 6$\sim$8weeks period by expulsion of the keratin core with resorption of the mass. In histologic feature, Keratoacanthoma consists of hyperplastic squamous epithelium growing into the underlying connective tissue. The surface is covered by a thickened layer of parakeratin with central plugging. Epithelium cell shows dysplastic features and the margins the normal adjacent epithelium is elevated. The differential diagnosis includes SCC. Keratoacanthoma present as a exophytic lesion with horny keratin occupying a depression on the top of the lesion, persists static period and undergoes rapid growth compared with SCC. Keratoacanthoma is usually treated by surgical excision or curettage of the base, spontaneous regression does not occur in every case. A 60 years old male who present facial lesion visit our hospital and surgical excision was done. Biopsy result was keratoacanthoma. We report case with review of literatures.

• Journal of the Korean Geographical Society
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• v.52 no.1
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• pp.55-71
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• 2017

This paper points out the semantic unclearness of the jargon "cluster" and suggests the substitution of "industrial cluster" for "cluster". Industrial cluster is the intersection of industrial agglomeration and cluster phenomenon while the actual concept of cluster includes not only industry cluster but also political administration cluster, science research cluster, art cluster, religion cluster, education cluster, etc. Partially reconstructing the concept and significance of industry cluster, industrial cluster is a geographic agglomeration of interconnected productional businesses in a particular industry, forming close industrial networks. The advantage of the agglomeration includes reducing the transaction cost between the businesses, promoting technological innovation and dispersion, facilitating the utilization of the professional workforce, sharing and connecting the external customer. Moreover, this paper discusses the range of the industrial cluster and its distinctness from the other similar concepts. There is a need to discriminate it from the other related jargons and to clarify their relationship. In particular, there is a task to eradicate the mixed usage of industrial cluster with the jargons related to space for learning and innovation.