• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.29 no.2C
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• pp.306-314
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• 2004

Some receiver(and most transmit) beamforming algorithms with an array antenna at a cellular CDMA base stations require accurate internal and external calibrations. The external calibration, which usually needs to be done only once, determines the array manifolds, i.e. the complex response of each antenna as a function of DOA(Directions of Arrival). The internal calibrations are necessary because characteristics of RF/IF circuity of each receiver chain vary differently in response to temperature or humidity changes. We propose an iterative subspace-based calibration algorithm for an asynchronous CDMA-based antenna away in the presence of unknown gain and phase error is presented. We verify the subspace-based calibration algorithms by performing the experiment using measured data. Also, we propose an efficient algorithm using the simulated annealing technique. This algorithm overcomes the problem of the initial guessing in the subspace-based approach.

• Journal of Advanced Navigation Technology
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.194-202
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• 2021

Ionosphere, one of the largest error sources, can pose potentially harmful threat to single-frequency GNSS (global navigation satellite system) user even after applying ionospheric corrections to their GNSS measurements. To quantitatively assess ionospheric impacts on the satellite navigation-based applications using simulation, the standard deviation of residual ionospheric errors is needed. Thus, in this paper, we determine conservative statistical quantity that covers typical residual ionospheric errors for nominal days. Extensive data-processing computes TEC (total electron content) estimates from GNSS measurements collected from the Korean reference station networks. We use Klobuchar model as a correction to calculate residual ionospheric errors from TEC (total electron content) estimate. Finally, an exponential delay model for residual ionospheric errors is presented as a function of local time and satellite elevation angle.

• The Journal of the Korea institute of electronic communication sciences
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.445-452
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• 2024

This paper analyzes the navigation error for each rotational motion in order to design an optimal rotation sequence, which is a key technology in the rotational inertial navigation. Rotational inertial navigation system is designed to cancel out navigation errors caused by inertial sensor errors by periodically rotating the inertial measurement unit. A properly sequenced rotational motion cancels out the maximum amount of navigation error and is known as an optimal rotation sequence. To design such an optimal turning procedure, this paper identifies the feasible rotational motions that can be implemented in a rotational inertial navigation system and analyzes the navigation error introduced by each rotational motion. In addition, by analyzing the characteristics of the navigation error generated during a rotation sequence in combination, this paper presents the conditions for designing an optimal rotation sequence.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Electromagnetic Engineering and Science
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• v.24 no.5
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• pp.558-565
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• 2013

In this paper, modeling and simulation for performance analysis of high resolution SAR system has been carried out in the time, frequency and numeric domain using ADS Ptolemy simulation tool of Agilent corporation. SAR system consists of antenna, controller and transceiver. Error parameters affecting SAR system performances have been defined, modeled and simulated such as phase noise of frequency synthesizer, amplitude and phase characteristic of TWTA, sampling frequency of waveform generator and I/Q imbalance. Finally, the development requirements of SAR system based on the impulse response function have been derived.

• Proceedings of the Korean Vacuum Society Conference
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• 2011.08a
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• pp.167-167
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• 2011

한국표준과학연구원에서는 국제표준화기구에서 제정한 국제규격(ISO, PNEUROP, DIN, JIS, AVS 등)에 기반을 둔 터보분자펌프의 특성평가시스템을 자체적으로 설계/제작 하였고, 터보분자펌프 1,000 L/s 급의 Database를 구축하였다. 이것을 토대로 특성평가시스템의 신뢰성 확인과 Feedback을 통한 시제품 개발 및 평가지원을 위해 터보분자펌프 2,500L/s 급의 Database를 구축한다. 터보분자펌프의 배기성능을 나타내는 가장 중요한 항목인 배기속도는 분자류 영역에 따라 상이한 가스($N_2$, He)를 사용하여 Throughput method와 Orifice method 두 가지 방법을 병행하여 측정한다. 측정함에 있어서 측정게이지, 유량계 및 Orifice conductance의 불확도에 의하여 배기 속도에 많은 측정오차를 포함하고 있다. 측정 오차를 줄이기 위하여 1% 이상의 안정성과 4%의 오차만을 허용하는 자전 회전자게이지(SRG)와 $10^{-3}$ mbar-L/s 영역까지의 유량 주입범위를 가지는 불확도 ${\pm}$3%의 정적형 유량시스템(CVFM)을 사용하였다. Orifice method의 경우 고진공영역으로 진입할수록 커질 수밖에 없는 배기속도 측정 불확도를 최소화하기 위해 검증된 유량을 이용한 Conductance 값을 제시하여 두 방법에서 얻은 배기속도의 불연속적인 문제를 해결한다. 본 연구에서는 2,500 L/s 급 터보분자펌프는 무거운 기체 $N_2$와 가벼운 기체 He을 사용하여 압축비의 변화와 분자류 영역에 따른 배기속도 변화를 연구하고, 2,500 L/s 급 터보분자펌프의 측정능력을 검증한다. 차후에 배기속도뿐만 아니라 소비전력, 소음, 진동, 온도 등의 특성평가의 전반적인 사항을 평가하여 터보분자펌프 2,500 L/s 급의 database를 완비해간다. 터보분자펌프 특성평가시스템을 사용한 1,000 L/s 급과 2,500 L/s 급 특성 Data를 비교, 분석하여 신뢰성 파악 및 표준화 방안을 개발하고, 고진공펌프 개발 주체와의 feedback 지원 기능의 infra를 구축한다.

• Journal of IKEEE
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• v.8 no.1 s.14
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• pp.128-135
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• 2004

This paper proposes a phase measurement algorithm which is based on the recursive implementation of sliding-DFT. The algorithm is designed to have a robust behavior against the erroneous factors of frequency drift, additive noise, and twiddle factor approximation. The size of phase error caused by the finite wordlength implementation of DFT twiddle factors is shown significantly lower than that of magnitude error. The drastic reduction of the phase error is achieved by the exploitation of the quadruplet symmetry characteristics of the approximated twiddle factors in the complex plane. Four channel power-line phase measurement system is also designed and implemented based on the time-multiplexed sharing architecture of the proposed algorithm. The operation of the developed system is also verified by the experiment performed under the test environment implemented with the multi-channel function generator and the on-line interfaced host processor system. The proposed algorithm's features of phase measurement accuracy and its robustness against the finite wordlength effects can provide a significant impact especially for the ASIC or microprocessor based embedded system applications where the enhanced processing speed and implementation simplicity are crucial design considerations.

• The Journal of Korea Institute of Information, Electronics, and Communication Technology
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• v.11 no.4
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• pp.325-330
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• 2018

This paper, following the shape parameters of the minimax distribution, describes the special form of the beta distribution, the Minimax distribution, as a function of the shape parameters for the software reliability model based on the non-homogeneous Poisson process. Characteristics and usefulness were discussed. As a result, the case of the shape parameter 1 of Minimax distribution than less than and greate in mean squared error is the smallest, in determination coefficient, appears to be high, the shape parameter 1 of Minimax distribution regard as an efficient model. The estimated determination coefficient of the proposed model is estimated to be more than 95%, which is a useful model in the field of software reliability. Through this study, software design and users can identify the software failure characteristics using mean square error, decision coefficient, and confidence interval can be used as a basic guideline.

• The Journal of The Korea Institute of Intelligent Transport Systems
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• v.7 no.5
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• pp.13-25
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• 2008

This study analyzed errors of data received from GPS which showed different reception characteristics based on chipset at poor reception area. The digital map made from National Police Agency shows 4% errors of length on the average. The comparison of three different algorithms - Average Spot Speed, Cumulative Travel Length from GPS with Actual Travel Time, Travel Length from Digital Map with Actual Travel Time have been conducted to find significant difference estimating travel time from GPS Data. The algorithm to estimate travel time from travel length and travel time showed the most reliable results from the others.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2016.05a
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• pp.242-242
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• 2016

낙동강 하류구간인 남강합류점에서 낙동강하구둑까지는 하상경사가 약 1/10,000보다 작은 매우 완만한 경사를 이루고 있으므로 홍수기 고수위를 장시간 유지하는 등 홍수소통에 불리한 조건을 가지고 있다. 이처럼 하상경사가 매우 완만한 하천에서는 홍수파의 전파 특성이 하상경사, 수심경사, 그리고 이송가속도와 국부가속도 경사 등 운동량 방정식의 각 항 모두에 영향을 크게 받는 것으로 알려져 있다. 따라서, 낙동강 하류구간의 홍수분석 정확도 개선을 위해서는 대상구간에 유입하는 홍수수문량의 크기 및 변화를 정확히 반영하는 것이 무엇보다 중요하다. 하천 본류로 유입하는 지류의 홍수량을 산정하는 보편적인 방법은 지류 하류의 수위관측소에서 구축된 수위-유량관계곡선을 이용하는 것이다. 그러나 본류 수위의 배수영향을 받는 지류 하류 구간에서는 단일 수위-유량관계의 결정이 불가능하므로 지류 유출량 산정을 위한 새로운 방법이 필요하다. 본 연구에서는 낙동강 하류구간(창녕 함안보~낙동강하구둑) 유역면적의 약 45% 이상을 차지하는 밀양강 유역의 홍수기 유출량 산정을 위하여 HPG(Hydraulic Performance Graph)를 이용하였다. HPG는 배수영향을 받아 시시각각 수리특성이 변화하는 구간에서도 유량 및 상하류 수위 등 수리특성 추정에 합리적인 결과를 제공하는 것으로 알려져 있다. 2012년 태풍 산바 사상을 대상으로 HPG를 이용하여 산정한 밀양강 홍수량과 기존 수위-유량관계로 산정한 홍수량을 각각 경계조건으로 사용한 경우로 구분하여, 낙동강 하류구간 주요 지점인 삼랑진과 구포의 홍수위 예측 정확도를 비교하였다. 비교결과, 기존 방법과 HPG를 이용한 방법 모두 예측시점이 첨두발생 시각에 가까워질수록 평균오차가 감소하는 것으로 분석되었다. 그러나 기존 방법은 예측시점에 따라 평균오차의 변화가 단조롭지 않고 진동이 발생한 반면, HPG를 이용한 방법은 기존 방법보다 오차의 감소가 단조롭고 지속적인 것으로 나타났으며 평균오차 또한 작았다. 본 연구결과, 배수영향을 받는 지류 하류구간에서 HPG를 이용한 유입량 산정은 본류 홍수위 예측 정확도 개선을 위한 경제적인 대안이 될 것으로 판단된다.

• Journal of Korea Multimedia Society
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• v.8 no.10
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• pp.1360-1368
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• 2005

PDP is the flat panel display, suitable for high definition television because of large-sire and high-brightness. It has many advantages such as fast response, wide viewing angle, low weight, and simple manufacturing process for fabrication. However, there are some disadvantages and one of them is the image quality degradation, which is dependent on the digital signal processing. Although image quality of PDP is improving by many researches and experimentations, it still isn't as good as that of CRT because of various factors. One of them is worm-like pattern generated by an error diffusion process. And the worm-like pattern is severely increased after an APL process. An increased worm-like pattern occur a drop of resolution in image and a change of CCT according to each grayscale. In this paper, a method for improvement of image quality using the error diffusion which considers the APL process is proposed. In the proposed method, the APL process is performed before the error diffusion process. Simulation results showed that the proposed method has better performances for resolution in images and CCT uniformity according to each grayscale than the conventional method.