• Korean Journal of Childcare and Education
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• v.9 no.3
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• pp.121-145
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• 2013

This study aims to examine the experiences and significance of a mother's learning community, which is a voluntary small get together of mothers who have infants and young children. For this, a participatory observation and in-depth interview were carried out from June 2012 to January 2013 targeting eight mothers who participated in the mothers' learning community. The mother's learning community is organized by mothers who mainly live and raise young children in P city. First, the mother's learning community gave three kinds of experience to mothers: finding ways of communication through the new meetings, a feeling of fulfillment through voluntary participation, and enjoying the pleasure of being recognized from other people. Second, the significance in this experience could be observed to allow children to have the pleasure of rapport with their mothers, to make more conversation at home, and to allow the community to have significance as network of life. The results of this study will be used as basic data in the mother's learning community in the near future, and for casting a lime light for follow-up research.

• Korean Journal of Social Welfare
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• v.65 no.4
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• pp.33-59
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• 2013

This study has examined an analysis of discourses on free child care policy for 0-2 year old children in Korea. The author has searched articles in daily news papers of "free child care for 0-2years old" using Korea Integrated News Database System and Chosun archive. For the analysis, articles from March 2012 to May 2013 has been collected. From this study, it has been suggested that discourses has been showed with diverse issues such as home care allowance, working mom vs full-time housewives, universal welfare vs selective welfare. These discourses has developed with the ideologies of conservative and progressive perspectives. The suggestions of this study will contribute to the development and practice of a free child care policy for 0-2 year children through reflective discourse analysis.

• Journal of Families and Better Life
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• v.28 no.4
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• pp.67-76
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• 2010

This study investigates working parent stress. This study surveyed 240 working mothers who are raising toddlers and 106 teachers in Seoul, Cyeong-gi, and Incheon. For this study, the Parenting Stress scale developed by Kim & Kang (1997) was used as the instruments for measurement and parental stress. To measure maternal separation anxiety, this study used the Maternal Separation Anxiety Scale (MSAS) developed by Hock (1989), while the Attitude for Occupation scale developed by Farel (1980) was used to measure the attitude for occupation. In addition, the Preschool Adjustment Questionnaire (PAQ) developed by Jewsuwan, Luster and Kostelink (1992), and modified by Oh Chong Eun (2001) were used as the instruments for measurement and adjustment. Data analysis was done using the SPSS WIN 15.0 version and the collected data were subject to a descriptive statistical analysis, one-way ANOVA t-test, and multiple regression analysis. The influential independent variables affecting parenting stress listed in order of significance were maternal attitude for occupation, adjustment of children, maternal anxiety, and income.

• Korean Journal of Child Studies
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• v.33 no.5
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• pp.139-161
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• 2012

The purpose of this study was to analyze the relationships of mothers' parenting stress and young children's adjustment to the child care centers they attend. The subjects for this study comprised 401 young children from 1 to 4 years of age from 11 child care centers in C-si, Chungnam, and their mothers. The results of this study were as follows : First, there were no significant differences in the parenting stress of mothers related to whether they were working or not, the age of the children nor their gender Second, there were no significant differences in the adjustment of young children to their child care center related to their mothers' work status nor age of the children themselves. However, there was a significant difference in relation to the gender of the young children in that girls were better in their adjustment to the child care center than boys. Third, a negative correlation appeared between mothers' parenting stress and their young children's adjustment to the child care center in that the higher maternal parenting stress was, the greater the difficulties for their young children in their adjustment to the child care center. There were significant negatively correlations between most sub-factors of maternal parenting stress and the adjustment of those children to the child care center.

• Research in Community and Public Health Nursing
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.81-94
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• 2016

Purpose: The objective of this study was to investigate the relations among psycho-social factors regarding child neglect and abuse using the data from the 2013 Korea National Survey on Children and Youth. Methods: Data from a sample of 1,062 primary caregivers with young children were analyzed with the SPSS and AMOS programs to examine the interrelationships among depression, parenting stress, marital satisfaction, parent-child attachment, and child neglect or maltreatment. Results: Depression, stress, and attachment had a direct influence on child neglect and abuse. Satisfaction with marital relationship, parenting stress, and attachment were found to play mediating roles in accounting for child neglect and abuse, explaining 12% of the variance. The results of multi group path analysis showed that some coefficients were different according to the age group of the children. For caregivers with infants, parenting stress did not predict either attachment or child maltreatment, whereas for caregivers with toddlers, depression did not have a significant effect on attachment. Conclusion: In order to prevent child maltreatment, efforts should be made to develop community-based psycho-social support interventions focused on marital relationship as well as parent-child dyads and to provide practical child care support.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.43 no.4
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• pp.486-496
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• 2013

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify the awareness of child rearing among parents of children in early childhood and to provide fundamental data for parent education programs according to child rearing type. Methods: Q-methodology which provides a method of analyzing the subjectivity of each item was used. Forty Q items which were derived from a literature review and interviews with nurturing mothers were classified into a normal distribution using a 9-point scale. Collected data were analyzed using the QUANAL PC Program. Results: Four types of parents' child rearing were identified. Type I was named 'affection-respect type', type II, 'concern-rule compliant type', type III, 'solicitude-model type', and type IV, 'geniality-encouragement type'. Conclusion: For proper growth and development during early childhood, parents should have rational information and awareness of their child rearing type. Results of this study can be used as essential data to develop child rearing education programs according to parents' child rearing attitude.

• Child Health Nursing Research
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• v.10 no.3
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• pp.262-271
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• 2004

Purpose: To explore the level of and relationship between parental knowledge and confidence in newborn care. Method: The sample of this study was consisted of 113 newborn's parents. Data was collected by researcher from Oct. 28th to Dec. 18th, 2002. Data were analyzed SPSS WIN(10.0) Program. Result: Total score of parents knowledge: Father's mean was 13.59(SD=5.32) and Mother's mean was 17.55(SD=3.72). There was meaningful difference in knowledge about newborn care between father and mother. The mother's knowledge was significant higher than the father's(t=6.45, p=.000). Total score of parents of newborn confidence: Father's mean was 40.66(SD=7.34) and Mother's mean was 41.88(SD=7.23). There was no difference in confidence in newborn care between father and mother(t=1.26, p=.209). There was significant correlation between knowledge and confidence about newborn care of fathers(r=.331, p<.001) and mothers(r=.317, p<.01). Conclusion: There is a need to educate fathers to enhance their knowledge about newborn care. More research is needed to study the relationship between parental knowledge and accuracy of behavior regarding newborn care.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.3 no.3
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• pp.111-118
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• 1973

The study was conducted during the period of July, 1972 to June, 1973 in Seoul city and Choong Chung Buk Do area. The purpose of this study was to find out tile Weaning Patterns and investigate the habits of health care of the babies. The conclusions obtained were as follows: 1. 65 percent of the infants were sufficiently fed by mothers'milk. But, the other 35 percent were not enough to be breasted. 2. Over 50 percent of the mothers started the weaning when tile infants became 9-12 months of age. The period of time needed for weaning was between 6-18 months of age. 3. Majority of the mothers preferred to give infants corns as the major diets. 4. It was noted that many mothers did not know the importance of weaning. And it was felt that public health nurses have to instruct these mothers who are bringing up the babies why weaning is necessary. 5. Only half of the babies who were investigated were found to be regularly vaccinated with all the necessary preventive inoculation at Public Health Centers both in farming and city areas.

• Korean Journal of Childcare and Education
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.179-194
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• 2020

Objective: In this study, the author aimed to explore the meaning of fathers' parenting experience by interviewing and analyzing their experience qualitatively. Methods: Ten fathers who had infants or young children participated in this study. The data were collected from individual in-depth interviews of the fathers and were analyzed in accordance with the Colaizzi's phenomenology analysis procedure. Results: As a result of analysis, the parenting experience of the fathers could be summarized into 42 themes and the themes were categorized into 7 clusters. The clusters could be categorized again into two categories; 'the rebirth of the daddy' and 'the reality of the daddy'. And each of the 4 and 3 clusters were included into each category. Conclusion/Implications: The results of this study revealed the real features of fathers who had infants or young children, and are expected to be used as supporting materials or intervention for fathers who are trying to become good fathers.

• Korean Journal of Child Studies
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.37-54
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• 1994

The home environments, daily activities, caregiving behaviors of mothers and teachers, infant's verbal behaviors, attachment to mothers and teachers of day care infants were compared to those of home-reared infants. 30 two-year-old home-reared infants and their mothers were observed at home by the time sampling method and 31 two-year-old day care infants and their mothers and teachers were observed at home or at the center. The HOME scale, the behavioral checking lists for caregiving behaviors and for the infants' verbal behaviors, and the Attachment Q-set were used for the home and center observations. It was found that the characteristics of early environments of day care infants were different from those of home-reared infants, but that infants' attachment to the mothers were not different. However, day care infants' attachment security scores to their mothers were higher than to their teachers.