• KOREAN POULTRY JOURNAL
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• v.19 no.5 s.211
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• pp.39-45
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• 1987

육용종계의 주기능은 산란이다. 그러나 사료를 자유채식시키면 체중이 과도하게 증가하고 비만해져 정상적인 산란을 기대할 수 없게 된다. 이 해결방안은 무엇보다 사료섭취의 제한으로만이 가능하다.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.17 no.11
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• pp.377-385
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• 2019

This study was conducted to present factors related to limiting activities of patients visiting the emergency department in general, and the data collection was made using raw data from the sixth and third years (2014) to the seventh years (2015) of the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. The study subjects were conducted on 425 patients who had visited the emergency department due to injury and analyzed using the SPSS/WIN 23.0 program. The study found that the younger the age of 19, the worse the subjective health condition, the more relevant the Activity Limitations, which is thought to contribute to research and policy decisions to prevent future activity limitations of patients visiting emergency department due to injury.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.18 no.6
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• pp.453-460
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• 2018

This study was to identify the prevalence rate of the limitation of activity, the reasons for activity limitation, association with activity limitation and general characteristics among older adults in Korea's population. Data were extracted from the $7^{th}$ Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. The number of participants were 1,578 older adults who aged 65 years over. SPSS program (version 18.0) was used for analyzing on frequency, Chi-square test, and logistic regression analysis of the data. The total prevalence rate of activity limitation among Korea's population was 19.6% in 2016. The prevalence rate of the reasons for activity limitation in Korea was highest for neck and back problems(19.8%), followed by arthritis and rheumatism(17.1%). The prevalence rate of activity limitation was statistically significant associated with age and education level, respectively. In conclusion, Age, educational level, and musculoskeletal diseases such as problems related to back and neck, arthritis and rheumatism could be significant risk factors for activity limitations in older adults who aged 65 years over. These findings could be useful as evidence-based data for relieving the prevalence rate of activity limitation and the prevention and management of activity limitations in Korea population.

• Korean Journal of Ecology and Environment
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• v.36 no.2 s.103
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• pp.161-171
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• 2003

The present study evaluated water quality variation, limiting nutrient, and sediment of a shallow eutrophic lake (Lake Ilgam) in the metropolitan area from 2000 to 2002. According to annual mean chl.a ($77.2{\pm}36.6\;{\mu}g/l) and TP ($66.6{\pm}20.5\;{\mu}g/l) concentration and trophic state index (>60), Lake llgam was in very eutrophic status. Both inorganic nitrogen ($NH_3-N$ and $NH_3-N$) and phosphorus (SRP) concentrations in the water column increased during winter and spring, but decreased during summer followed by the phytoplankton development. Evidence for phosphorus and nitrogen as being the potential limiting nutrients for phytoplankton growth was supported by the ratio of DIN/DIP (by mass) (${\sim}$835.8), TSI derivations analysis, and algal growth potential bioassay. Based on the results of TSI derivations, strong nutrient limitation by both N and P occurred from September to November when P content in sediment (114.6 mg P/kg) was relatively low compared with the summer. Sediment contained a large amount of nitrogen (TKN: 4,452${\pm}$283.0mg N/kg dry sediment). Phosphorus content in sediment (TP: 313${\pm}$155 mg P/kg) was relatively low with temporal change. P release rate (0.29${\pm}$0.02 mg $m^{-2}$ $day^{-1}$) was high under the aerobic condition at pH 9. These results indicate that the sediment could play an important role as a source of a limiting nutrient, and temporal change of P content in the sediment is closely related with water quality, especially algal biomass change in Lake llgam.

• Proceedings of the KSCN Conference
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• 2005.04a
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• pp.9-13
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• 2005

많은 질병의 발생원인의 약 60%이상이 환경요인 때문이라는 것이 잘 알려져 있고 영양과 식이섭취의 중요도는 이중에서도 가장 중요한 것으로 알려져 있다. 특히 Human Genome Project의 완성 이후 Genomics시대에 발맞추어 여러 가지 high throughput 실험들이 가능해지고 Single Nucleotide Polymorphism (SNP)의 발굴이 진행되면서 영양소와 식이요인들의 유전자 발현과 유전학적 변이와의 상관관계가 질병의 예방차원에서 앞으로 연구되어야할 큰 과제로 대두되고 있으며 이를 통한 개개인에 적합한 영양섭취를 권장하는 새로운 방향의 영양관리에 가능성에 대해 많은 관심이 쏠리고 있다. 이에 본 발표에서는 Nutrinogenomics와 Nutrinogenetics의 연구방향과 연구 성과들을 소개하여 유전적 요인에 의한 식이요소의 섭취경향이 질병에 어떠한 관련이 있는지, 최근까지의 연구에서의 제한점은 어떠한 것이 있는지 살펴보고자 한다.

• The Sea:JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN SOCIETY OF OCEANOGRAPHY
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.27-38
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• 2011

The distributions of phytoplankton assemblages and environmental factors in Jinhae Bay and their relationships were investigated to estimate the potential limiting nutrient for phytoplankton growth and community structure. In situ algal bioassay experiments were also conducted to assess the species-specific characteristics in phytoplankton responses under different nutrient conditions (control, N(+) and P(+) treatment). During the study periods, bacillariophyceae and cryptophyceae occupied more than 90% of total phytoplankton assemblages. Phytoplankton standing crops in the inner part of Masan Bay were higher than that of Jinhae Bay. The DIN:DIP ratio, pH and transparency showed the significant positive correlation with phytoplankton biomass. According to cluster and multidimensiolnal scaling (MDS) analysis based on phytoplankton community data from each station, the bay was divided into three groups. The first group included stations from the south-western part of Jinhae bay where cryptophyta species were dominated. The second group was distinguished from inner stations in Masan Bay. These stations showed low transpancy and high DIN:DIP ratio. The other cluster included the stations from the eastern part and central part of Jinhae Bay, which was characterized by the high DSi:DIP ratio and dominant of diatom species. Phosphorous (P) was limited in Masan Bay due to significantly increases in the phytoplankton abundances. Based on stoichiometric limitation and algal bio-assay in Jinhae Bay, nitrogen (N) was a major limiting factor for phytoplankton production. However, silicate (Si) was not considered as limiting factor, since Si/DIN and Si/P ratio and absolute concentration of nutrient did not create any potential stoichiometric limitation in the bay. This implies that high Si availability in winter season contributes favorably to the maintenances of diatom species.

• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.35 no.5
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• pp.455-461
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• 2002

limiting nutrients for phytoplankton were determined by dissored inorganic nitrogen/phosphorous (DIN/DIP) in situ and algal bioassay experiment in the Seomjin River estuary during a study period from March 1999 to October 2001. DIN/DIP ranged from 14.7 to 681.1 during the study period. DIN/DIP was over 16 at the upper and middle estuarine region where salinity was lower than 25 psu and chlorophyll a concentration was high, probably indicating P-limitation in this region while the ratio was less than 16 at the high saline (> 25 psu) region, reflecting the supply of DIP from Gwangyang Bay and thereby indicating N-limitation at the lower estuarine region. These results suggested that the spatial distribution of DIN/DIP in the study region was controlled by the high supply of phosphate from Gwangyang Bay, the low input from Seomjin River and the active uptake by phytoplankton within the estuarine system. The bioassay experiments using Skeletonema costatum, Thalaasiosira rotula and in situ phytoplankton assemblage displayed relatively higher growth of phytoplankton in the P-added culture media, indicating P-limitation. This result was well consistent with the spatial distribution of inorganic nutrients. S. costatum showed a rapid adaptation to the low salinity compared to other phytoplankton species. This phenomenon seemed to account for the strong (> $90\%$ in total cell number) S. costatum bloom in autumn in this estuary. Moreover, although phytoplankton growth rate was higher in the P-added culture media at the end of culture experiment of in situ phytoplankton, the fast growth in the trace metal-added media at the beginning of the experiment suggested a possibility of limitation by other micro-nutrients such as trace metal and vitamin etc.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.62-69
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• 1982

A quantitative restriction of maternal diet was given to the Sprague Dawley rats during the lactation. The control group were fed a commercial diet ad libitum throughout the experimental period. Dietary restriction started from birth to weaning in deficient group. After weaning at 21 days, all offsprings were fed the same diet ad libitum for 4 weeks of rehabilitation. They were analyzed for body weight, muscle protein, muscle 3-methylhistidine and serum protein level of offsprings at 0, 1, 2, 3, 5, 7 weeks. Body weight of offsprings of deficient group were significantly lower than the control group, but after rehabilitation there were no significant differences between two groups. Maternal dietary restriction caused a decrease in the 3-methylhistidine, protein content in muscle and total protein level in serum, and rehabilitation after weaning induced a marked increase. These results suggest that there is a quantitative reduction in 3-methylhistidine metabolism in the undernourished rats and these reductions can be nearly recovered by 4 weeks of dietary rehabilitation after weaning.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.214-224
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• 1996

본 연구는 비만아동을 위한 효과적인 운동 및 식이 요법에 관한 자료를 얻기 위하여 실시하였다. 대상자는 8~12세의 비만아동(체지방 $36.1\pm1.3%)과$ $정상아동(18.9\pm1.3%)$ 각각 5명이었으며 3일간 실험환경에 적응하기 위한 대조기간(Control : C)을 거친후 1주간은 운동은 부하하되 에너지는 제한하지 않는 운동기간(Exercise without energy deficit : EEN)와 다음 1주간은 비만아동만을 대상으로 운동부하와 동시에 에너지를 제한하는 에너지 제한 운동기간(Exercise with energy deficit : EED)으로 나누어 실시하였다. 운동강도는 60~75%HRmax이었으며 에너지 제한량은 493kcal/day이었다. 각 실험 조건별 대사에너지 섭취량, 체중, 체성분, 체내 보유 에너지, 에너지 소비량의 변화를 측정하였다. 체지방량은 생체 전기저항 지방측정기를 이용하여 측정하였다. 대변 및 소변으로의 에너지 손실량으로부터 측정한 1일 평균 대사 에너지량(ME)은 정상아동이 대조기간(C) 및 운동기간(EEN)별로 각각 $1802\pm50kcal$ 및 $1771\pm72kcal이었고$ 비만아동이 대조기간(C) 및 운동기간(EEN) 및 에너지 제한 운동기간(EED)별로 각각 $2152\pm138kcal,$ $1861\pm138kcal$ 및 $1368\pm87kcal이었다.$ 대조기간(C)에 비만 아동은 정상아동에 비해 대사에너지량(ME)이 높았으나 무지방조직(LBM) kg당 섭취량은 정상아동이 79kcal이며 비만아동이 70kcal로 오히려 비만아동의 경우가 낮았다. 대체로 운동에 의해 에너지 섭취량은 감소되었다. 동일한 운동 부하로 정상아동 및 비만아동의 체중은 각각 $1.00\pm0.20kg$ 및 $1.24\pm0.22kg씩$ 감소되어 정상아동에 비하여 비만아동의 체중감소가 더 많았다. 비만아동에서 에너지 제한(493kcal)으로 인한 체중감소량은 0.52kg이었고 체지방조직량(FM)은 0.46kg이었다. 운동기간(EEN)중 체성분 변동량으로부터 산출한 1일 1인당 체내 에너지 변동량은 정상아동이 1092kcal, 비만아동이 1270kcal 감소디어 비만아동의 에너지 소모량이 더 많았다. 비만아동에 있어 에너지제한 운동기간(EEN)에 정상아동이 $2863\pm58kcal,$ 비만아동이 $3131\pm158kcal이었으며,$ 에너지 제한 운동기간(EED)에 비만아동은 $3153\pm151kcal이었다.$ 이상의 성적으로 보아 본 실험에 적용한 운동 프로그램은 체중 감소에 효과적으로 작용하나 일부 부지방조직(LBM)의 감소를 동반하는 것으로 보아 다소 운동 부하량이 과도한 것으로 생각된다. 그러나 에너지 제한량(500kcal)은 체중감소에 매우 효율적인 것으로 평가되어 이후 비만아동의 체중조절에 본 실험의 에너지제한 운동 프로그램중 운동 부하량만을 다소 줄여 적용하면 매우 효과적일 것이라 생각된다.

• KOREAN POULTRY JOURNAL
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• v.26 no.11 s.301
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• pp.138-141
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• 1994

육용종계 수평아리의 육성은 암평아리와 달리 초기에 충분한 영양을 공급하여 골격을 충분히 키워준 후 육성 후기에 가서 엄격한 제한급이를 하는 것이 관리의 초점이다. 육용종계 수평아리의 육성에 있어서 핵심 목표는 앞으로의 생산 활동 기간이 교미 활동에 알맞은 체형을 만들어 주는 것이다.