• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.10-18
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• 2012

Automatic smoke detection systems using a surveillance camera requires a reliable smoke detection method. When an image sequence is captured from smoke spreading over in the air, not only has each smoke image frame a special texture, called static texture, but the difference between two smoke image frames also has a peculiar texture, called dynamic texture. Even though an object has a static texture similar to that of the smoke, its dynamic texture cannot be similar to that of the smoke if its movement differs from the diffraction action of the smoke. This paper presents a reliable smoke detection method using these two textures. The proposed method first detects change regions using accumulated frame difference, and then picks out smoke regions using Haralick features extracted from two textures.

• The Journal of the Korea institute of electronic communication sciences
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• v.7 no.4
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• pp.733-739
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• 2012

In this paper, a smoke detection algorithm robust to brightness and color variations depending on time and weather is proposed. The proposed smoke detection algorithm specifies the candidate region using difference images of input and background images, determines smoke by comparing feature coefficients of Gaussian mixture model of difference images. Thresholds for specifying candidate region is divided by four levels according to average brightness and chrominance of input images. Clusters of Gaussian mixture models of difference images are aligned according to average brightness. Smoke is determined by comparing distance of Gaussian mixture model parameters. The proposed algorithm is implemented by media dedicated DSP. As results of experiments, it is shown that the proposed algorithm is effective to detect smoke with camera installed outdoor.

• Journal of Korea Entertainment Industry Association
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.41-50
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• 2020

Acting is an act of expressing personality, image, sound, tempo, and movement flexibility in order to effectively express fictional characters in the play. It is said to refer to the action or mood of the person performing the character. In addition, all these acts are important elements of the media that the director wants to convey the subject of the work to the audience. In particular, the actor relies on the ambience, image and passionate role of winning and losing in theatrical film. In addition, more than 60% of the afterimages or remaining images in the film are images of the actor's acting or movement, and the trend of the actor. This study is not about acting divided by Conti, who is under the control of directors and directors. The purpose of this study is to analyze the aesthetic response and analyze the inner half of the suspense in the act and to help influence the expression that is effective in expressing the play.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.22 no.11
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• pp.1474-1480
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• 2018

When fires occur in high-rise buildings, it is difficult to determine whether each escape route is safe because of complex structure. Therefore, it is necessary to provide residents with escape routes quickly after determining their safety. We propose a method to measure the visibility of the escape route due to the smoke generated in the fire by analyzing the images. The visibility can be easily measured if the density of smoke detected in the input image is known. However, this approach is difficult to use because there are no suitable methods for measuring smoke density. In this paper, we use principal component analysis by extracting a background image from input images and making it training data. Background images and smoke images are extracted from images given as inputs, and then the learned principal component analysis is applied to map of as a new feature space, and the change is calculated and the visibility due to the smoke is measured.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.13 no.7
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• pp.70-79
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• 2013

The film language is distinguished roughly according to shot angles and size and camera movement. The film language is what the performer should be well-acquainted with in camera acting. Since the most important characteristics of acting in front of the camera lies in being with the camera, the relationship between the camera and the performers is basically mutual communication and is the inseparable relationship in which they should be well acquainted with each other. Understanding of diverse film languages for acting in front of the camera enables the performer to adapt to the media quickly and to concentrate on acting. Performance changes according to the media or environment in which acting is performed. For a good performance, the performers should be able to appropriately express their own acting according to the characteristics of the space or the media in which they do performance. Acting in front of the camera is clearly distinguished from acting on the stage in the aspects of either media characteristics or acting. With the manifestation of extemporaneousness and the discovery of the performers' personality to the extent possible, performers themselves proceed with creative works in collaboration with the director in acting in front of the camera and can attain the development of acting in front of the camera.

• The KIPS Transactions:PartB
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• v.14B no.5
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• pp.361-368
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• 2007

In this paper, we propose a smoke detection method which is based on block-wise difference of image frames in video. Our proposed method is composed of three steps which are (a) the detection step of the changed regions against the background, (b) the background update step, and (c) the smoke determination step from the changed regions. We first construct the block mean Image of frames in video. And to extract the changed regions against the background, we use a block-wise difference between background's block mean image and a current input frame's block mean image. After applying projections in block-based difference images, we can determine the changed regions as rectangles using projections of difference images. we propose a update scheme of background's block mean image using the projections. We decide the smoke region using the femoral statistics of the central position and YUV color in the changed region.

• The KIPS Transactions:PartB
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• v.16B no.4
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• pp.271-280
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• 2009

In this paper, we propose a smoke detection method using region growing method in outdoor video sequences. Our proposed method is composed of three steps; the initial change area detection step, the boundary finding and expanding step, and the smoke classification step. In the first step, we use a background subtraction to detect changed areas in the current input frame against the background image. In difference images of the background subtraction, we calculate a binary image using a threshold value and apply morphology operations to the binary image to remove noises. In the second step, we find boundaries of the changed areas using labeling algorithm and expand the boundaries to their neighbors using the region growing algorithm. In the final step, ellipses of the boundaries are estimated using moments. We classify whether the boundary is smoke by using the temporal information.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.14 no.9
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• pp.4472-4477
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• 2013

This paper describes the color features of smoke in each standard color model in order to present the most suitable color model for somke detection in video surveillance system. Histogram intersection technique is used to analyze the difference characteristics between color of smoke and color of non smoke. The considered standard color models are RGB, YCbCr, CIE-Lab, HSV, and if the calculated histogram intersection value is large for the considered color model, then the smoke spilt characteristics are not good in that color model. If the calculated histogram intersection value is small, then the smoke spilt characteristics are good in that color model. The analyzed result shows that the RGB and HSV color models are the most suitable for color model based smoke detection by performing respectively 0.14 and 0.156 for histogram intersection value.

• Fire Science and Engineering
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.27-32
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• 2008

In this paper, a flame and smoke detection algorithm is proposed to recognize a fire. Flame and smoke have specific color distribution and continuously change shapes of them. In the proposed flame detection algorithm, specific regions are candidated as flame by color distributions and variations of frames of video. Some of candidated regions are decided as flame by the magnitude of motion vector. To determine smoke in the field of view of camera, edge is important because high frequency component is decreased by it. Candidated region of smoke is assigned by color distributions, inter-frame differences and the value of edge. The candidated region is settled as smoke region with magnitude of motion vector. As results of simulations, it is shown that the proposed algorithm is useful for flame and smoke detection.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.34 no.4C
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• pp.388-396
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• 2009

This paper proposes a new fire-smoke detection method by using extracted features from camera images and pattern recognition technique. First, moving regions are detected by analyzing the frame difference between two consecutive images and generate candidate smoke regions by applying smoke color model. A smoke region generally has a few characteristics such as similar color, simple texture and upward motion. From these characteristics, we extract brightness, wavelet high frequency and motion vector as features. Also probability density functions of three features are generated using training data. Probabilistic models of smoke region are then applied to observation nodes of our proposed Dynamic Bayesian Networks (DBN) for considering time continuity. The proposed algorithm was successfully applied to various fire-smoke tasks not only forest smokes but also real-world smokes and showed better detection performance than previous method.