• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.7-11
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• 2007

This study was conducted by estimate of leaf characteristics and growth performance among selected 20 families progenies of Hovenia dulcis var. koreana Nakai. Mean seedling height and root-collar diameter in whole progenies showed 61.6cm, 6.98mm, respectively. Mean seedling height of KW 2-5 family was 79.3cm and it was higher than that of other families. JN 2-2 family had highest value, 9.16mm, in mean of root-collar diameter. Growth performances of KW 2-5 and JN 2-2 families showed 57% (in seedling height), 53% (in root-collar diameter) superior to those of lowest marked families. The selection level based on growth performances, which are seedling height over 75.0cm and root-collar diameter over 8.0mm, were applied on whole families, and two families selected (KW 2-5, JN 2-2). The selection effects from selected families was evaluated as 125% compared to the mean of whole families. The coefficient of variation (C.V) appeared wide range, $9.4{\sim}42.4%$, in estimated leaf characteristics. Particularly, C.V of petiole length (PL) and petiole diameter (PD) showed 42.4% and 28.7%, respectively. Their were higher value than other leaf characteristics. Analysis of variance for all leaf characteristics were significantly different among families. Also, there had positive correlation between most leaf characteristics except the correlation between leaf length (LL) and leaf morphological index (LMI, LW/LL). Particularly, the correlation between leaf length and leaf width (LW) showed the highest correlation.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.43-48
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• 1972

The variation of numbers of resin canal in cotyledon at different growing stages are observed and results are summarized as follows: 1. Resin canals of cotyledon are not found in May, but in September the average number was 3.26. 2. Unlike in later-formed needles, cotyledon resin canals were external and the range of resin canal numbers are 1 to 5. 3. Correlation coefficients between growing stages and resin canal numbers are significant. And correlations between resin canal numbers and leaf thickness, or the number and cross-section area are also highly significant. 4. Low correlation between resin canal and cotyledon number is observed.

• Korean Journal of Medicinal Crop Science
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• v.5 no.3
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• pp.191-195
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• 1997

This study was conducted to obtain the basic information on setting up selection procedure using seedling characteristics in Angelica gigas Nakai lines. Morphological characteristics of the seedlings including height, leaf and petiole length among lines tested showed difference significantly, meaning that earlier selection was possible. Bolting rate at maturity ranged from 0.6 to 74.6% and root yield did from 350 to 3,893kg/ha. Root yield was increased in the lines with below 5% bolting rate. Heritabilities of petiole length, seedling height and leaf length in seedling stage bolting rate and root yield were high, while those of leaf length, root diameter and root length were relatively low. Bolting rate at maturity was positively correlated with seedling height, leaf length, leaf width, petiole length and number of leaves. A highly significant negative correlation was showed between root yield and seedling height, leaf length and width, petiole length, number of leaves, root length or bolting rate. From the above results the selection markers were found to be height, leaf length and petiole length in seedling stage.

• Korean Journal of Organic Agriculture
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• v.11 no.3
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• pp.75-90
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• 2003

A total of 192 Korean landraces were investigated for the comparison of each other as useful germplasm to organic farming and examined correlation between quantitative traits. Almost Korean landraces were classified into medium-heading variety and average days from seeding to heading was 111.1 days. Plant height and culm length were longer about 20∼40cm than general Japonica cultivar. Average width of leaf blade and average length of panicle were 1.3cm and 22.4cm, respectively, Average number of panicles per plant was 10.0 and almost varieties showed low tilling habit. Average length/width ratio of brown rice was 1.7 and several varieties were long grain type and average 1,000 grain weight was 21.6g. In correlation coefficient among quantitative traits, positive significant correlations were observed between culm length and leaf width, days from seeding to heading, but negative correlations were observed between days from seeding to heading and 1000 grain weight. 27.1% of Korean landraces showed weak and lodging degree in culm strength and 3.6% of total varieties showed purple margin on leaf blade and leaf sheath. In leaf blade angle and flag leaf angle, erect type was 46.9% and 10.9%, respectively. 24.0% of total varieties showed the slow and late degree of leaf senescence. The rate of awned type, waxy type and brown seed coat were 74.5%, 20.3% and 4.2%, respectively. The color of stigma, spikelet, apiculus and awn showed diverse color such as white, brown, red and purple.

• Asian Journal of Turfgrass Science
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.97-105
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• 2010

This study focuses on investigating morphological characteristics and variations level in native zoysiagrasses from costal regions and islands in South Korea. In addition, this were collected to conserve germplasm for the breeding of zoysiagrass. One hundred fifty-nine of native zoysiagrasses were collected from 16 different cities and districts. There were morphological evaluations, including plant height, leaf width, leaf length, leaf angle, seed length(SL), seed width(SW), SL/SW ratio and number of seed per spike in native zoysiagrasses. Type of Z. japonica, Z. sinica, Z. macrostachya and Z. matrella showed significant variations in plant height, leaf length, leaf angle and number of seed per spike depending on where they were collected from. On the other hand, little variation were found in leaf width, seed length, seed width and SL/SW ratio. We have discovered a variety of variations among the investigated traits in hybrid zoysiagrass. These results can be used as basic information for development of zoysiagrass breeding.

• Asian Journal of Turfgrass Science
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• v.17 no.2_3
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• pp.75-80
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• 2003

Growth characteristics such as density(quality), covering speed, green period, disease resistance, heading existence(number of seeds) and other characteristics were examined for selection of superior lines among the 133 zoysiagrass lines collected in 2001. Six superior lines were selected and the results were summarized as follows. Superior line, J01067 was longest for green period among the 133 zoysiagrasses and stayed green until the beginning of November. Leaf width of J01106 and J01129 lines was very narrow as 1.5mm and 2mm, respectively and superior for density(quality), covering speed and disease resistance. J01122 line was selected for strongest disease resistance among the lines of Zoysia japonica. Leaf width of J01128 was 3.2mm showing midium type and similar to standard cultivar, Sunburst. This line also showed higher density and strong disease resistance like J01106 and J01129. Five growth characteristics for morphological classification of 133 zoysiagrass lines was used and divided into 3 cluster groups. Of 133 lines, 6 standard cultivars and 6 superior lines were classified as follows. First cluster group contained Belare, Meyer, Anyang-jungji, J01067, J01122, and second group contained S-94 and J01105, and third group contained Sunburst, Konhee, J01106, J01128 and J01129.

• Asian Journal of Turfgrass Science
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.1-7
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• 2012

Field experiments were conducted to evaluate the morphological characteristics and growth rates of 101 medium-leaf type zoysiagrasses (Zoysia spp.) collected at the major sod production area (Jang Seong Gun) in South Korea. Collected lines with distinctive morphology and visual growth rate were planted in plastic pots and measured morphological characteristics under the plastic house conditions. Variation of leaf width, plant height, leaf angle, length of leaf sheath, trichome, stolon length, and color were measured. Six lines were selected by evaluating growth rates from one hundred one collected lines. Eight standard cultivars and three other superior lines previously collected were compared to 7 selected lines form Jang seong area by checking growth rates and morphological characteristics. Average leaf blade width was 3.4 mm, leaf angle was 45.8 degree, plant height was 21.6 cm, height of lowest leaf was 5.0 cm, and length of leaf blade was 14.1 cm. Ground cover rates of selected lines 'CY6097' and 'CY6069' were 70% and 68.3%, respectively. These are believed to be faster than 60% ground cover rate of zoysiagrass 'Anyang', and also, twice as faster than the 31.7% ground cover rate of Z. matrella. Selected line 'CY6069' showed fast growth rate with shorter internode length (5.1 cm) compared to zoysiagrass 'Anyang'. Based on the results of this study, we could select useful fast growing zoysiagrass breeding lines from the major sod production area (Jang Seong Gun) in Korea.

• Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
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• v.30 no.4
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• pp.651-657
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• 2016

It is important to know know deleterious impact of deicing salt on plants for guidelines of planting along roads. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of calcium chloride ($CaCl_2$) on the growth and physiological characteristics of Liriope platyphylla and Pachysandra terminalis. The plants were grown from November of 2015 to March of 2016 in pots containing growing media with $CaCl_2$ at 0% (Control), 0.5%, 1.0%, 3.0%, and 5.0% (based on the weight). While plant growth and photosynthetic activity were significantly decreased in both plant species grown on the media with $CaCl_2$, the degree of sensitivity to $CaCl_2$ differed. The plant growth of Liriope platyphylla was considerably injured under higher than 3.0% of $CaCl_2$, whereas Pachysandra terminalis was all dead under higher than 1.0% of $CaCl_2$. This results indicate that Liriope platyphylla has higher degree of tolerance to the deicing salt than Pachysandra terminalis.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.38 no.5
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• pp.466-476
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• 1993

Field experiment was carried out to study the new and old leaf development and photosynthesis of sorghum-sudangrass hybrid 855F, pearl millet Suwon No.6 and barnyard millet in cutting and non-cutting plots from the 2nd cutting day(September, 17th). Leaf regrowth of sorghum-sudangrass hybrid and pearl millet begun after the 2nd cutting day, except barnyard millet. Photosynthetic rate of new leaf blades in cutting plots reached to higher level than old leaf at 12th to 20th day after cutting(DAC). Stomatal density of leaf blade of each crop in non-cutting plot was observed higher pearl millet and sorghum-sudangrass hybrid than barnyard millet. New leaf blade of each crop in cutting plot was showed complete development in stomata size, form and vascular bundles in 12th DAC. Non-structural carbohydrates(NSC) contents of stembase in sorghum-sudan hybrid which had 17 %, the highest among three forages decreased daily into 8th DAC and begun to increase from 20th DAC. But, those of pearl millet and barnyard millet in cutting plots were about 10 % at cutting day and inclined to decrease continuously into the 20th DAC and reached about 3～4% in 32nd DAC. These results showed that regrowth energy of sorghum-sudangrass hybrid was mainly dependent on non-structural carbohydrates of stembase until 12th DAC, but pearl millet had active lower leaves supported its regrowth by concurrent photosynthesis. As barnyard millet which did not reserve enough NSC, its regrowth fail to survive under low temperature. Also, late regrowth of rest two forage crops was delayed with decreasing daily temperature after mid-September.

• Journal of Bio-Environment Control
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.131-137
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• 2013

This study was conducted to develop new indoor plants and to investigate the effects of light intensity on the growth of Trachelospermum asiaticum var. intermedium Nakai and Piper kauzura. Most of T. asiaticum var. intermedium Nakai under 100 lux light intensity were blighted in two months, whereas survival rate was 83.3% after five months under 1,000 lux and 2,500 lux. Plant height, number of leaf, leaf width and leaf length increased as light intensity increased. The plants maintained under 2,500 lux showed the greatest plant height and leaf number. Piper kadzura Ohwi was defoliated and blighted in four months under 100 lux light intensity, whereas survival rate was 100% after five months under 1,000 lux and 2,500 lux. But, 1,000 lux light intensity was more favorable chlorophyll contents, leaf length and leaf width than 2,500 lux light intensity. Slight increase of chlorophyll contents and leaf growth under 1,000 lux indicates that Piper kadzura Ohwi could be utilized highly as a indoor ornamental plant.