• Title/Summary/Keyword: 염원

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Antibacterial Activity of Essential Oils from Pinaceae Leaves Against Fish Pathogens (어병 세균에 대한 소나무과 잎 정유의 항세균 효과)

  • HAM, Youngseok;YANG, Jiyoon;CHOI, Won-Sil;AHN, Byoung-Jun;PARK, Mi-Jin
    • Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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    • v.48 no.4
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    • pp.527-547
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    • 2020
  • Fish pathogens cause not only economic damages to fish farming but also infectious pathogens known as a zoonotic agent. Since the continued use of antibiotics to control fish pathogens entails side effects, materials of natural origin need to be developed. The purpose of this study is to discover coniferous essential oils with excellent antibacterial effects in order to develop antibiotic alternatives. We have extracted essential oils using hydro-distillation from the leaves of Abies holophylla, Pinus thunbergii, Pinus parviflora, Tsuga sieboldii, and Pinus rigitaeda, which are all Pinaceae family. And, we have evaluated antibacterial activity with the extracted essential oils against Edwardsiella tarda, Photobacterium damselae, Streptococcus parauberis, and Lactococcus garvieae, which are fish pathogens. As a result, the essential oils from A. holophylla and P. thunbergii showed the selectively strong antibacterial activity against E. tarda and P. damselae, which are gram-negative bacteria. From GC-MS analysis, it was identified that main component of A. holophylla essential oils are (-)-bornyl acetate (29.45%), D-limonene (20.47%), and camphene (11.73%), and that of P. thunbergii essential oils is α-pinene (59.81%). In addition, we found three compounds: neryl acetate, (-)-borneol, and (-)-carveol, which are oxygenated monoterpenes. These exist in a very small amount but exhibit the same efficacy as essential oil. Therefore, we expect that A. holophylla and P. thunbergii essential oils having excellent growth inhibitory effect against gram-negative fish pathogens can be used as biological products such as feed additives and fishery products.

Pollution Status for Agricultural Reservior in Chungbuk Province (충북지역 농업용 저수지의 오염실태 조사연구)

  • Oh, Kwang-Young;Kim, Jin-Soo;Song, Chang-Sub;Kwon, Sung-Ill;Song, Chul-Min
    • Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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    • 2007.05a
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    • pp.987-992
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    • 2007
  • 충청북도 내의 농업용 저수지중 26개소를 선정하여 관개초기, 홍수기 및 비관개기의 연 3회에 걸쳐 저수율을 파악하고 채수를 실시하였다. 또한, 현장(수온, pH, DO, EC)과 실내 수질분석(Cd, As, Cn, Hg, 유기인, Pb, $Cr^{+6}$ PCB, ABS, COD, SS, TP, TN)을 실시하여 저수지의 오염도를 평가하였다. 저수율 측정결과, 홍수기(97%)가 관개초기(72%)나 비관개기(66%)보다 높게 나타났다. pH 값의 측정결과, 수질기준$(6.0{\sim}8.5)$을 만족하고 있는 저수지의 비율은 35%(9개소)의 낮은 값을 보였다. EC와 DO 및 SS농도의 측정결과, 거의 모든 저수지에서 수질기준을 만족하고 있었으며, COD, TN, TP농도 측정결과, 수질기준 만족도는 관개초기 100%, 홍수기 81%, 비관개기 65%로 나타나, 저수량이 많은 관개초기보다 저수량이 적은 비관개기에 질소와 인의 관리가 필요한 것으로 판단된다. 또한, 사람의 건강항목(CN, Hg, 유기인, PCB, Cd, 비소As, Pb, $Cr^{6+}$, ABS)은 모든 저수지에서 관개 초기, 홍수기 및 비관개기에 모두 수질기준을 만족하였다. 점오염원을 관리하기 위해서는 저수지 상류유역에 있는 마을하수도를 정비하고, 축산분뇨처리시설 등을 설치하여 저수지로의 유입부하량을 저감할 필요가 있다. 또한, 비점원오염을 관리하기 위한 대책으로서, 질소농도를 저감시키기 위해서는 용존성 성분을 제공하는 비료의 시용량을 줄여야하며, TP농도를 저감시키기 위해서는 강우시 입자성 인의 유출을 제어할 필요가 있으며, 이를 위해서는 비가 많이 오는 여름철에 나지(裸地)나 밭에 식생이나 멀칭(mulching) 등으로 토양침식을 방지할 필요가 있다.가용한 장 단기간의 관측자료와 물수지 분석 연산식의 추정치를 바탕으로 관측자료에 의한 물수지 분석을 수행하였다. 분석 결과로 산지 소하천 유역인 설마천 시험유역의 각 수문요소의 물이동간의 정량적인 값을 알 수가 있었으며, 앞으로 추가적이고 지속적인 수문모니터링이 운영되고 물순환 해석 모형에 의한 검증이 수행된다면 정량적인 물순환 관계를 규명할 수 있을 뿐만 아니라 이와 관련된 수문요소기술을 확보할 수 있을 것이다.절한 타협과 조정을 필요로 한다. 그러나 절제의 한계를 넘어선다고 생각되거나, 조정의 노력이 불가능하거나, 실패했을 때 폭력적인 행동으로 나타나게 된다. 리차즈(I.A Richards)는 분노와 공포는 일단 겉잡을 수 없는 경향이 있다고 하면서 오늘날 폭력에 대한 요구가 일상의 정서 생활에 있어, 억압을 통한, 빈곤함을 반영하고 있지 않은지 생각해봐야 할 것이라고 충고한다. 조성 가이드라인(안)을 제시하였다.EX>$\ulcorner$세종실록$\lrcorner$(世宗實錄) $\ulcorner$지리지$\lrcorner$(地理志)와의 비교를 해보면 상 중 하품의 통합 9개소가 삭제되어 있고, $\ulcorner$동국여지승람$\lrcorner$(東國與地勝覽) 에서는 자기소와 도기소의 위치가 완전히 삭제되어 있다. 이러한 현상은 첫째, 15세기 중엽 경제적 태평과 함께 백자의 수요 생산이 증가하자 군신의 변별(辨別)과 사치를 이유로 강력하게 규제하여 백자의 확대와 발전에 걸림돌이 되었다. 둘째, 동기(銅器)의 대체품으로 자기를 만들어 충당해야할 강제성 당위성 상실로 인한 자기수요 감소를 초래하였을 것으로 사료된다. 셋째, 경기도 광주에서 백자관요가 운영되었으므로 지방인 상주지역에도 더 이

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A Discourse Analysis of Attempts to Strengthen Global Image through the 2011 World Athletics Championships (스포츠 관광을 통한 대구의 세계화 - 2011 대구세계육상선수권대회의 문화지리학적 분석 -)

  • Ethan, Yorgason
    • Journal of the Korean association of regional geographers
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    • v.19 no.3
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    • pp.454-475
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    • 2013
  • In 2011, Daegu hosted the International Association of Athletics Federation Championships and attempted to use this event strengthen its global profile. Organizers hoped Daegu 2011 would strengthen knowledge about Daegu internationally and help the city overcome recent economic stagnation by bolstering tourism and investment on the global scale. Written from the perspective of a foreigner living in Korea, this interpretive article uses mixed-method cultural geographic analysis to evaluate the momentum Daegu 2011 produced in these directions. The article draws on a tripartite "territorialisation" approach to mega-event tourism's production of space, focusing on representational efforts during the approach to the championships and the event itself. Promotional materials receive particular attention. Interviews with international tourists during 2011 strengthen conclusions drawn from analysis of promotional materials. After reviewing relevant conceptual literature, Daegu's history, and the background of Daegu 2011, the article devotes three subsections to analysis. The first uses critical discourse analysis of a key promotional video to argue that Daegu's self-promotions betrayed insecurity about the city's place within the global tourism market. A second analysis subbsection finds that additional promotional materials did not fully overcome that problem. These materials also produced an overload of Daegu images and aspirations. The third subsection further develops these arguments, pointing to a partial mismatch between images emphasized by promotions and experiences available in the tourism landscape. This subsection also argues that while Daegu 2011 undoubtedly produced positive effects for the city, key challenges remain if Daegu will be placed on the map of globally acknowledged cities.

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A Impact Analysis of Air Quality by Air Pollution Control Facilities Improvement on Point Source Pollution (점오염원의 대기오염방지시설 개선에 의한 대기질 영향 분석)

  • Jeon, Byeong-Geun;Lee, Sang-Houck
    • Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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    • v.16 no.4
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    • pp.2876-2882
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    • 2015
  • The object of this study is to identify changes in air pollution in the maximum ground level concentration and the surrounding area when air pollution control facilities are improved in the thermal power plants. The effects of improved facilities are analyzed by comparing air quality after applying improved air pollution control facilities. For prediction of air quality, the change of wind field can be represented with movement of Puff and CALPUFF Model, air pollution diffusion models which can implement abnormal conditions. Major air pollutants of thermal power plants such as $SO_2$, $NO_2$, and $PM_{10}$ are selected as prediction items. That results show that improvement of air pollution control facilities is significantly effective in reduction of air pollution of $SO_2$ and $NO_2$ in the maximum ground level concentration and areas around of thermal power plants. In the case of $PM_{10}$, it is found that the effect of reduction in pollution is high in the maximum ground level concentration, but the effect of reduction in air pollution is somewhat low in the area around of the thermal power plant.

A Study on the Traditional Planting Prototype of Haengdan(杏壇) and Natural Monumental Value of Ginkgo Tree in Sejong-ri (전통재식 행단(杏壇)의 원형과 세종리 은행나무의 천연기념물적 가치 연구)

  • Shin, Hyun-Sil;Choi, Byoung-Ki
    • Journal of the Korean Institute of Traditional Landscape Architecture
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    • v.38 no.1
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    • pp.36-44
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    • 2020
  • This study analyzed the Planting Prototype of Haengdan(杏壇)is the One of the traditional planting techniques and the value of natural monument plant and derived the value of the ginkgo tree in Sejong-ri as a natural monument. The results are as follows; First, ginkgo trees have high environmental adaptability, practicality and visual value. There were also many ginkgo trees that were deeply related to Confucian and Buddhist ideas. Ginkgo trees accounted for the largest portion of the number of old tree designated as natural monuments in recognition of their value. Second, after analyzing the historical and cultural values of ginkgo trees, ginkgo trees became the place of gardens and buildings by symbolizing Confucius(孔子)' Confucian ideas. In Buddhism, it was related to the creation of temples or the achievements of ancient monks. The people had a symbol of the prosperity of their offspring and the succession of the family. Third, in 1024 gongdobo, the grandson of Confucius, rebuilt the shrine, installed the platform in the central position and planted ginkgo trees. It originated from what he called "the "haengdan(杏壇)." The tree was then recorded as "heungheang(紅杏)" which was written by Wang Jae-jin's poetry during the Ming Dynasty. Thus it was misused as apricot tree. The cause of this is due to the same kanji reading. or it can be seen as influence on the taoism. But Korea has been sticking to the use of the first ginkgo trees. Forth, biologically, the Sejong-ri ginkgo tree is characterized by the composition of a pair of male trees. The landscape is contrasted with the twisted male tree and vertical female trees. In addition, in terms of authenticity and integrity, the relationship between Admiral Im, Nan-Su(林蘭秀) of the Goryeo Dynasty and the ginkgo tree is found in various literature.

Application of QUAL2K Model for Daejeon Tandongcheon, A Small Urban Stream and Evaluation of Terrace Land Constructed Wetland (도시 소하천, 대전 탄동천, 수질개선 대안 수립을 위한 QUAL2K 수질모델 구축과 제외지 인공습지공법 적용 효율 평가)

  • Yin, Zhenhao;Seo, Dongil
    • Journal of Korean Society of Environmental Engineers
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    • v.35 no.3
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    • pp.192-199
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    • 2013
  • The Tandong-cheon stream is a 7.4 km long small urban stream that passes through Daeduk Science Town in Daejeon Korea. Despite the stream has great potential as an educational and recreational site due to its central location in the science town and science museums nearby, environmental aspect especially for water quality has not been evaluated properly. Through field survey, major pollution sources of the stream were identified and effect of water quality improvement alternatives were evaluated using a QUAL2K water quality model for the stream. The study indicated that controlling major pollution sources of the stream alone may not be sufficient for reaching the water quality target. Therefore, additional pollution control methods are necessary. We applied the developed model to evaluate the effects of a constructed wetland on the terrace land, and analyzed whether the water quality target can be met at the outlet of the stream. It is expected that this study would provide a good reference for environmentally sound management of small urban streams in Korea.

Spatiotemporal Variations of Water Quality in Yongil Bay (영일만 수질의 시공간적 변동)

  • Kang Yang Soon;Kim Kui Young;Shim Jeong Min;Sung Ki Tack;Park Jin Il;Kong Jai Yul
    • Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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    • v.35 no.4
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    • pp.431-437
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    • 2002
  • In order to understand the spatiotemporal variation of water quality, an investigation on variation characteristics of water quality was conducted at 13 stations in Yongil bay from 1990 to 1998. The salinity in summer was relatively lower than that in other seasons and it have increased from inner bay to outside of the bay gradually. However, nitrate concentration in summer was relatively higher than that in other seasons, and it was the highest, up to $65.40\%$, among dissolved inorganic nitrogens, Nitrate concentration indicates the possibility of affecting by freshwater discharges to Yongil bay. Correlation analysis showed that salinity had a significantly good correlation with nitrate. This result suggested that inflow of river had an influence on increase of nitrate. The result of Principal Component Analysis (PCA) indicated that nitrate was major factor to influence the water quality in Yongil Bay.

The transformation of the knowledge-environment and Sijo literature in the 21st century (21세기 시조문학(時調文學)과 지식환경(知識環境)의 변화)

  • Yun, Young-Og
    • Sijohaknonchong
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    • v.23
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    • pp.5-32
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    • 2005
  • The life of man is being changed with the changes of the times. The man struggles to enjoy the blessing of peace and lives as a member of a nation. So he has the national characteristics. In that national characteristics is the national emotion. From the emotion the national poetry is created. The poetry has the conventional form. This form is regarded as Sijo(時調). The Sijo was prescribed as the organization three sections. But this prescription is false. This form is the organization of five sections. When the false prescription is corrected, we have our conventional poetry form and create our own poems.

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A Study on Personal Ornaments Arts by utilizing Formative Characteristics of Sewing Kits of Gybang Culture (규방문화 침선구의 조형성을 활용한 장신구 작품 연구)

  • Lee, Jae-Ho;Park, Seung-Chul
    • Journal of Digital Convergence
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    • v.10 no.7
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    • pp.237-243
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    • 2012
  • Human beings were constantly developing and using tools. This implies the history of humans have been creatively maintained and developed. Humans put its utmost efforts to the development of civilization to lead better life at the same time constantly pursuit to the cultural development such as formative characteristics for the satisfaction of aesthetic needs. Gyubang crafts are regarded as extremely feminine and contained emotions of Korea while being classified as a genre of Korean culture & art. Gyubang crafts were created independent & unique formative beauty on the basis of then social, cultural, religious background, in which those sewing kits being called friends of ladies express the emotion of arts contains cultural depth of its appearance of life as well as its spiritual world of happiness, anger, sorrow and pleasure of ladies. And it was aimed to sought the possibilities to start itself in various ways under the assumption capable to be expressed detail & contemporary taste of the sewing kits that lived together with the ladies in their historic life through linking with ornaments arts with convergence and harmony of formative image. As stated, it could be an opportunity to rediscover the formative characteristics, harmony of convergence, elegance, delicacy, aesthetic beauty focused on sewing kits among Gyubang crafts filled with ladies' scant and spiritual hope and to be re-understood the excellence and the aesthetic beauty of traditional culture & arts through personal ornaments.

Health Risk Factors and Ventilation Improvements in Welding Operation at Large-sized Casting Process (대형 주물공정 용접작업장의 건강 위해인자 및 환기 개선)

  • Jung, Jong Hyeon;Jung, Yu Jin;Lee, Sang Man;Lee, Jung Hee;Shon, Byung Hyun;Lim, Hyun Sul
    • Clean Technology
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    • v.20 no.2
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    • pp.171-178
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    • 2014
  • In this study we have examined the health risk factors and analyzing data of laborers working at the welding operation at large-sized casting process. In order to improve the working environment of workplace, an effective ventilation method was proposed after performing CFD (computational fluid dynamics) modeling and measurement of pollutants. As a result of examining the health risk factors of workers, oxidized steel dust is the main pollution source in the company A, welding fume in the companies B and C, and welding fume and oxidized steel dust in the company D. The fume concentration in the workers' breathing zone was $0.05{\sim}4.37mg/m^3$, and the fume concentration in the indoor air at the welding process was $0.13{\sim}7.54mg/m^3$. From a result of CFD, a local exhaust with an exhaust duct adjacent to welding point was found to be most effective in case of the exhaust process. In case of air supply, we found that a desired location of air supply fan would be at the end of the opening. If a standardizing the ventilation system for tunnel-type semi-enclosed space at a large-sized casting process is introduced in welding work places in the future, it would be more effective to protect the health of welding workers working at the casting industry and shipbuilding industry and improve the work environment.