• Proceedings of the Korean Aquaculture Society Conference
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• 2003.10a
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• pp.111-112
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• 2003

• 한국생태학회:학술대회논문집
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• 1999.05a
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• pp.122.2-122.2
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• 1999

• The Journal of Engineering Geology
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• v.14 no.3 s.40
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• pp.301-311
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• 2004

This study is suggested a new dielectric tracer test method to understand geological structure of porous media and groundwater flow to use the dielectric constant which is one of electrical special quality of various geological materials. To measure their parameters, tracer material is made an ethanol mixing liquid(EML) having a same specific gravity of water. Also, soil materials are prepared a dielectric tracer test using the FDR system that could measure dielectric constant for saturated standard sand and river sand layers which have different initial porosity. To compare with their results, we discussed with the concentration variation of saline water having a saline concentration $3\%$ which is general tracer material by using the electro multi-meter system in the laboratory or field test. In two tracer experiment results, EML tracer test could confirm definitely EML concentration variation from each saturated soil layer as standard and river sands. However, tracer test of saline water $3\%$ concentration could not confirm permeating movement of water by degree of salinity change because these are settled at lower part column in a whole column area continuously. These causes are that specific gravity of saline water is heavier than water. That is, it could know that deposition of saline water is composed of lower part of soil column continuously independently of the direction of water into saturated soil material.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment & Safety
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.59-64
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• 2003

The long­term trend and inter­relationship with depth of temperature and salinity in coastal waters of Korea are studied using coastal oceanographic observation and serial oceanographic data measured by National Fisheries Research and Development Institute. Temperature of coastal waters of Korea except south­western sea of Korea where cold water appears to increase in summer. In case of temperature offshore, surface temperature of East Sea increases, the reverse, for 50m and 100m decreases. Temperature in South Sea of Korea increases in whole depth and for the Yellow Sea, surface temperature increases, but for 50m decreases. In case of salinity offshore, surface salinity of East Sea decreases, but for 50m increases. Surface salinity in South Sea of Korea decreases, the reverse, form 50m and 100m increases. salinity in the Yellow Sea decrease in whole depth According to the result of inter­relationship analysis, for temperature relationship coefficients of 50m and 100m in the East Sea and South Sea of Korea is higher, however, for the Yellow sea the inter­relationship between 50m and 100m is lower. In case of salinity, the inter­relationship between surface and 50m, and for the South Sea of Korea, between 50m and 100m, and for the Yellow Sea, between surface and 50m is higher.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Marine Environment & Energy
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.101-110
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• 2012

In order to understand temperature and salinity variations, and the characteristics of the seawater exchange through two channels of Gamak Bay, we conducted measurements of water temperature, salinity and current for fifteen days in the summer and winter. Based on the observational data, the current seemed to have a close relation with wind. In addition, a correlation analysis result proved that water temperature is likely to be more influenced by air temperature rather than tide. Moreover, water temperatures at the south channel varied more sensitively with the season rather than at the east channel because of its shallow depth. Seawater exchange rates were estimated to be 0.5~29.9% (mean: 11.6%) at the east channel but 1.3~62.6% (mean: 18.6%) at the south channel in summer. On the contrary, they were estimated to be 0.3~28.5% (mean: 8.9%) at the east channel but 0.1~97.9% (mean: 31.2%) at the south channel in winter. Thus, the rates of seawater exchange in Gamak Bay turned out that the south mouth is approximately three times higher than the east mouth, and it also suggested that seasonal winds affect the rates of seawater exchange in Gamak Bay.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.43 no.5
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• pp.611-619
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• 2023

The first survey of the airborne chlorides along the nationwide coast of South Korea was conducted 18 years ago, and the area index of coastal airborne chlorides and salt attack environmental rating are being utilized in the design, construction, and maintenance of domestic structures. However, due to environmental changessuch as climate change and coastal topography changes, changes of airborne chlorides along the coast are expected to occurregionally and by sea area. Therefore, the second survey has been conducted since 2021. Inthis paper, we analyzed the seasonal variations of airborne chlorides along the coast by region and sea area for one year of the second survey. Additionally, we compared the results withthe survey results of Japan's coastal airborne chlorides, which islocated close to South Korea and has a similar climate, to increase the objectivityofthe analysis. The averageairborne chloridesin the second surveywas highest on the west coast, and the seasonal variation was also the largest on the west coast. Looking at the seasonal variations by sea area, the East Sea had highairborne chloridesinthe summer and autumn,theWestSea inthe autumnandwinter, and the SouthSea in the summer. In addition, compared to the firstsurvey, allsea areasshowed short periods ofsignificantly higher coastalsalinity and clearerseasonal variations.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2007.05a
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• pp.2125-2129
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• 2007

본 연구에서는 영산강 하구언 배수갑문의 개방으로 대량의 담수가 방류될 경우 목포항 인근해역의 해수유동 변화와 이에 수반되는 부유물질/염분 농도의 시공간적인 변화를 파악하기 위해 방류조건과 확산성분별로 12가지의 계산 시나리오를 구성하고 MIKE21의 해수유동(HD)모듈과 오염 확산(AD)모듈을 이용하여 하구언 방류의 영향을 살펴보았다. 해수유동 모의결과, 배수갑문과의 거리에 따라 방류조건별로 수위와 유속이 최대 144.5cm, 175.6cm/sec까지 상승하였다. 특히 청계만 수역에서는 방류시기에 낙조시 유속이 최대 68.8cm/sec까지 감소해 방류에 따른 수위상승으로 낙조시 해수유출이 지체되는 것으로 판단된다. 부유물질 확산모의 결과, 목포 기준검조소를 기준으로 목포항 내부수역은 원활한 해수순환이 이루어지지 않아 각종 오염원 유입시 외해로 쉽게 확산되거나 희석되지 못하고 계속 정체되는 것으로 나타나 항내 오염이 심각하게 우려되며, 특히 연속적인 담수 방류와 방류량의 크기가 내부수역의 부유물질 농도 감소에 큰 영향을 미치는 것으로 판단됨에 따라 방류량이 작고 연속 방류가 행해지지 않는 비우기시의 오염은 더욱 심해질 것으로 판단된다. 방류조건별 염분농도 역시 방류량이 크고, 연속적인 담수 방류가 행해질 경우 농도가도 크게 감소하며 확산면적도 증가하였다.

• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.30 no.2
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• pp.252-263
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• 1997

Temperature and salinity were observed in Kugum Suro Channel in February, April, August and October 1993. Temperature ranged from $7.0^{\circ}C\;to\;25.0^{\circ}C$ throughout the year and its variation was about $18^{\circ}C$. The maximum temperature difference between surface and bottom was less than $0.75^{\circ}C$ for a year, which meant that the temperature stratification in Kugum Suro Channel was considerably week. Salinity had also a small variation range of less than $0.5\%_{\circ}$. Salinity varied from $34.0\%_{\circ}$ in April to $30.0\%_{\circ}$ in August and its fluctuation patterns were quite similar to the seasonal variations of the precipitation and the duration of sunshine observed at Kohung Weather station. Seasonal variation of sea water density in T-S diagram showed that the water mass in Kugum Suro Channel could be largely affected by regional atmospheric conditions. Temperature increased in ebb tide and decreased in flood tide, but salinity decreased in ebb tide and increased in flood tide for a day. The period of fluctuations in temperature and salinity measured for 25 hours was nearly coincident with the semi-diurnal tide which was predominant in that region. Stratification parameters computed in Kugum Suro Channel areas were less than $4.0J/m^3$ the year round, which indicated that vortical mixing from the bottom boundary caused by tidal current played an important role in deciding the stratification regime in Kugum Suro Channel. In estimating the equation which defines stratification and mixing effects in the observed areas, the tidal mixing term ranged from $4.7J/M^3\;to\;14.1J/m^3$ was greater than any other terms like solar radiation, river discharge and wind mixing.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Marine Environment & Energy
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.138-142
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• 2013

As an early warning system to reduce the damage of aquacultured mollusks due to low salinity water, we investigated the possibility of a biomonitoring system measuring the shell valve movement (SVM) of Pacific oyster (Crassostrea gigas) by using the Hall element sensor. In high salinity water of 27 psu, SVMs of Pacific oyster showed spikes which mean a relatively fast closing condition after opened condition of average 10-15 mm, and then the SVM showed back to opening condition slower than closing speed. In water salinity of 20-27 psu, the SVMs were similar to that of 27 psu. However, below 17 psu, it showed abnormal valve movements such as spending more time for shell closure. In 10 psu, we could not detected SVMs due to closed condition during experiment periods. Thus, if we quickly detect abnormal environmental variations like low salinity using bio-monitoring of SVM, it may be contribute to increased productivity by dramatically reducing damages in aquaculture.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Fisheries Technology Conference
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• 2001.10a
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• pp.287-288
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• 2001

해산어류의 담수순화에 관한 연구는 일부 광염성 어종에 대해 수행되어 왔으나, 극히 미비한 실정이다 담수순화에 관한 연구는 아가미 구조적 연구, 내분비학적 연구 등이 연어과 어류의 회유시에 밝혀진 바 있다(Chen and Lin., 1994). 다른 해산어류의 삼투압조절 등 생리학적 연구는 숭어의 담수사육에 관한 기초연구 결과가 보고(장과 허, 1999)되고 있다. 그러므로 이러한 삼투압조절 능력 등이 실제 산업에 이용되려면 각각의 양식유용종에 대한 상세한 연구와 각 어종의 염분 내성, 삼투압조절 능력, 염분변화에 따른 생존 및 성장 그리고 삼투압조절 기능을 향상시키기 위한 물리적, 화학적, 생리학적 연구 등이 필요하다. (중략)