• Applied Chemistry for Engineering
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.267-273
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• 2006

We have prepared PP/Ba-ferrite composite fabrics by a melt-blown spinning method and investigated the relationship between the properties of PP/Ba-ferrite composite fabrics and melt-blown processing factors. A PP composite containing Ba-ferrite as a magnetic particulate filler was prepared in the form of pellet from PP resin and Ba-ferrite powder by melt compounding using a single extruder. Screw turning force (rpm), DCD (die-to-collector distance), and Ba-ferrite content were changed. We measured diameters of fiber, mechanical, thermal, and magnetic properties for the composited PP fabrics. The elongation was increased and a fiber diameter and tensile strength were decreased as the spinning distance increased or screw turning force decreased. The crystallinity was increased with increasing spinning distance according to XRD. It was assumed that the orientation of crystalline domain in the neat PP without ferrite was increased by drawing in mechanical direction, however, the orientation in the PP composite was decreased according to XRD analysis. We measured a magnetic property of PP nonwoven fabric containing Ba-ferrite powder. A coercive force, maximum magnetization, and residual magnetization are reduced with the spinning distance. According to the result of TGA measurement, the heat resistance was increased with the Ba-ferrite powder content and with decreasing the spinning distance.

• Applied Chemistry for Engineering
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.77-83
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• 2007

It is essential that second order nonlinear optical materials have low optical propagation losses in the wavelengths of second harmonic generation for practical applications in waveguides. Three dipolar chromophores substituted with nitro, cyano, and alkyl sulfone as an electron withdrawing group were prepared. The UV-Vis absorption spectra of the cyano and alkylsulfone chromophores showed a blue-shift compared to the nitro chromophore. The introduction of oxadiazole segment in the chromophore structure led to similar spectral shift. The blue-shift can produce low optical loses at second harmonics. The chromophores were successfully attached to a polyimide, yielding side chain polymers. The nonlinear optical property of the prepared optical polymers was determined by measuring electro-optic coefficient at 1.55 mm. The polymers exhibited high glass transition temperature of over $185^{\circ}C$ and thermal stability to $300^{\circ}C$ through differential scanning calorimeter analysis and thermal gravimetric analysis.

• Applied Chemistry for Engineering
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• v.7 no.3
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• pp.504-510
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• 1996

Low-density polyethylene(LDPE)/Linear low-density polyethylene(LLDPE) blends were prepared by the compositional quenching process, a new morphology control method. The blends were characterized in terms of melting and crystallization behavior and mechanical properties. The results were compared with those of mechanically blended and solution blended samples. From DSC experiments, it was found that the melting temperatures and crystallization temperatures of the blends were dependent on the blending methods. In thermal property, LDPE/LLDPE blends prepared by compositional quenching process were similar to the blends prepared by solution blending but different from the blends prepared by mechanical blending. This result is explained to be due to the domain size dispersed in the matrix. The elongation-at-break and tensile strength of the samples blended by compositional quenching showed similar to those of the samples blended by solution blending method but larger than those of samples prepared by mechanical blending. Also, the Young's modulus showed the same trends as elongation-at-break. The tensile strength of the blends prepared by compositional quenching was not as high as the samples prepared by the other two blending methods.

• Applied Chemistry for Engineering
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• v.7 no.3
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• pp.496-503
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• 1996

Aromatic and aliphatic copolyesters for the dispersing agent were synthesized by two stage reaction, esterification and polycondensation. Copolyesters were blended with PET in the melt state and their thermal and rheological properties were investigated. From GPC analysis Mn's and Mw's of copolyesters were about 30000 and 65000g/mol, respectively. From DSC experiment copolyesters had melting range of $90{\sim}150^{\circ}C$. Copolymer composition was in good agreement with comonomer feed ratio from $^1H$-NMR analysis. Copolyesters and SPA (standard sample) were blended with PET in the melt state. From DSC experiment, copolyesters and SPA were miscible with PET. From the dynamic melt viscosity experiment, melt viscosity of blended sample was increased as the content of aromatic copolyester was increased, while it was decreased as the content of aliphatic and SPA were increased. As for volume resistivity of dry color containing carbon black and copolyesters with dispersing time, aromatic copolyester showed highest value. It was conferred from this result that aromatic copolyester was the best dispersing agent for carbon black in PET resin.

• Applied Chemistry for Engineering
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• v.7 no.3
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• pp.597-604
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• 1996

Resin-type neutron shielding materials, KNS-115A, 115B and 115C have been fabricated to be used for spent fuel shipping cask. The base material is epoxy resin, and polypropylene, aluminium hydroxide and boron carbide are added. These shielding materials offer good fluidity at processing, which makes it possible to apply this resin shield to complicated geometric shapes such as shipping cask. Several measurements were made for the shielding materials to evaluate the shielding property, combustion characteristics, fire resistance, thermal and mechanical properties. The neutron shielding ability of the shielding materials is estimated to be better than that of foreign's shielding material, NS-4-FR, due to higher hydrogen atomic density. Other properties of the shielding materials are as follows: Onset temperatures; $267{\sim}270^{\circ}C$, thermal conductivities; $0.62{\sim}0.72W/m{\cdot}K$, combustion characteristics; <$800^{\circ}C$, ATB(average time of burning); <5sec, AEB(average extent of burning) ; <5mm, tensile strengths; $2.3{\sim}3.0kg/mm^2$, compressive strengths; $5.3{\sim}13.3kg/mm^2$, flexural strengths; $4.4{\sim}5.4kg/mm^2$.

• Polymer(Korea)
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• v.30 no.5
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• pp.432-436
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• 2006

The new dinuclear CGC (constrained geometry complexes) with indenyl and methyl sub-stituted indenyl and polymethylene bridge have been synthesized, and the copolymerization of ethylene and styrene has been studied in the presence of methylalumionoxane. The activity of 12-methylene and 9-methylene bridged dinuclear CGC were 4 times higher than that of 6-methylene bridged dinucleay CGC. This result might be understood by the implication that the steric effect rather than the electronic effect nay play a major role to direct the polymerization behavior of the dinuclear CGC. The dinuclear CGCs are very efficient to incorporate styrene in backbone. The styrene contents in the formed co-polymers ranged from 6 to 45 mol% according to the polymerization conditions. The melting temperature of copolymers disappeared at high content of styrene (about 11 mol%) There is no styrene-styrene diblock sequence in copolymers. This result Indicates that the dinuclear CGC are very effective to generate random copolymer of ethylene and styrene.

• Journal of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.54 no.4
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• pp.395-401
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• 2010

A series of macrocyclic complexes of the type [M(L/L')$(NO_3)_n$].$mH_2O$ and [VO(L/L')($SO_4$)].$2H_2O$, where L/L' is a Schiff base "3,4,10,11-tetraphenyl/tetramethyl-1,2,5,6,8,9,12,13-octaaza cyclotetradeca-2,4,9,11-tetraene-7,14-dithione" derived from thiocarbohydrazide (TCH), benzilmonohydrazone (BMH)/diacetylmonohydrazone (DMH) and carbon disulphide, M = $UO_2$ (VI), Th(IV) and ZrO(IV), n = 2, 4, m = 2, 3, have been synthesized via metal ion template methods. The complexes are characterized on the basis of elemental analysis, thermal analysis, molar conductivity, magnetic moment, electronic, infrared and $^1H$-NMR spectral studies. The ESR and cyclic voltammetry studies of the vanadyl complexes have been carried out. The results indicate that the VO(IV) ion is penta-coordinated yielding paramagnetic complexes; $UO_2$(VI) and ZrO(IV) ions are hexacoordinated where as Th(IV) ion is octa-coordinated yielding diamagnetic complexes of above composition.

• Korean Journal of Materials Research
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• v.8 no.5
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• pp.457-463
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• 1998

New neutron shielding materials, KNS-201, KNS-301 and KNS-601 have been fabricated to be used for radioactive material shipping and storage cask. The base materials are a modified and a hydrogenated bisphenol- A type and novolac type epoxy resin, and aluminium hydroxide and boron carbide are added. These shielding materials offer good fluidity at processing, which makes it possible to form this resin shield into complicated geometric shapes such as radioactive material shipping and storage cask. Several measurements were made for the shielding materials to evaluate the thermal and mechanical properties and radiation resistance. The properties of the shielding materials are as follows: onset temperatures 2S7~28$0^{\circ}C$, thermal conductivities 0.9S~1.14W/m. K, thermal expansion coefficients 0.77~1.26x$10_{-6}{\circ}C_{-1}$, combustion characteristics < 80$0^{\circ}C$, ATB(average time of burning) < 5sec, AEB(average extent of burning) < 5mm, tensile strengths 2.5~3.2kg/$\textrm{mm}^2$, compressive strengths 13.2~1S.2kg/$\textrm{mm}^2$, flexural strengths 5.2 -6.4kg/$\textrm{mm}^2$. In general, the concerned properties of KNS-201, KNS-301 and KNS-601 were revealed to be better than those of NS-4- FR. foreign neutron shielding material. It is also observed that the radiation resistance of KNS- 601 was better than those of KNS-201 and KNS-301.

• Journal of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.40 no.5
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• pp.295-301
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• 1996

A series of solid solutions of the $CaGa_1-xFexO_3-y$ system with the compositions of x=0.25, 0.50, 0.75, and 1.00 has been prepared at $1150^{\circ}C$ under an atmospheric air pressure. The structure, nonstoichiometric chemical formula, and the distribution of cations for the solid solutions are determined by X-ray diffraction analysis, Mohr salt titration, Mossbauer spectroscopic analysis. Their physical properties are discussed with electrical conductivity and magnetic measurements. The crystal system of all the compositions is a brownmillerite orthorhombic system from the X-ray diffraction analysis and the reduced lattice volume increases linearly with x value except that of the composition of x=0.25. All the solid solutions do not contain $Fe^{4+}$ ion and the mole number of oxygen vacancies or y value is 0.50 from Mohr salt analysis. The oxidation state of Fe ion, the coordination state, the structure change in the Brownmillerite-type structure, and the distribution of $Ga^{3+}$ and $Fe^{3+}$ ions are discussed with Mossbauer spectroscopic analysis. The electrical conductivity increases and activation energy decreases, as x value increases. The traditional semiconducting property of this system is described in terms of band theory. The compositions of x=0.50∼1.00 show a thermal magnetic hysteresis in the magnetic measurement with the cooling conditions, which is discussed in terms of the space group and Dzyaloshinsky-Moriya interaction.

• Elastomers and Composites
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.161-168
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• 1979

이 논문(論文)의 목적(目的)은 열적안정성(熱的安定性) 및 내노화성면(耐老化性面)에 있어서 디엔제3성분단위체(第三成分單位體)(diene termonomer)의 각각(各各)의 종류(種類)가 EPDM의 중합체(重合體)의 성질(性質)에 미치는 효과(效果)를 구명(究明)하는데 있다. 제3성분단위체(第三成分單位體) 5종(種)으로 각각(各各) 다음과 같다. 즉, ethylidene norbonene(ENB), butadiene(BD), dicyclopentadiene(DCPD), methyltetrahydroindene (MTHI) 및 1,4-hexadiene(HD)이다. 이들을 써서 만든 각각(各各)의 EPDM은 동(同)몰의 불포화도(不飽和度)로 만들어졌다. 또한 가황계(加黃系)는 동일(同一)한 황/촉진제계(黃/促進劑系)를 사용(使用)하였다. ENB-EPDM이 순(純)고무배합체(配合體) 및 충전제함유배합체(充塡劑含有配合體)의 가황(加黃)에 있어서 모두 함께 가장 빠른 가황속도(加黃速度)를 보였다. HD-EPDM은 순(純)고무배합체(配合體)에서 가황속도(加黃速度)가 가장느렸으나 충전제함유배합물(充塡劑含有配合物)에서는 DCPD-EPDM보다는 발랐다. BD-EPDM을 제외(除外)한 이들 중합체(重合禮)는 거의 같은 초기가교밀도(初期架橋密度)를 갖는다. 가교밀도(架橋密度) 및 가교형(架橋型)을 분석(分析)하여 보면 BD-EPDM 쇄(鎖)에서 부타디엔 단위(單位)는 블럭을 이루고 있다. 또한 HD-EPDM은 순(純)고무가황체(加黃體) 및 충전제배합가황체(充塡劑配合加黃體)에 있어서 원가교결합(原架橋結合)의 50%가 monosulfide의 구조(構造)를 가지고있다. 이외(外)의 4종(四種)의 EPDM 폴리머는 보다 낮은 monosulfide구조를 가진다. $177^{\circ}C(350^{\circ}F)$의 노화온도(老化溫度)에서 ENB 및 HD폴리머는 약(約) 65% monosulfide 가교(架橋) 및 거의 동일(同一)한 파괴에너지값$(E_b)$을 가진다. 그러나 1,4HD의 원가교(原架橋)의 monosulfide 구조함량(含量)이 보다 높다고 해서 그의 내노화성(耐老化性)이 다른 폴리머보다 더 좋다고는 생각되지 않는다. DCPD는 $177^{\circ}C(350^{\circ}F)$의 노화온도(老化溫度)에서 똑같은 monosulfide가교(架橋)를 가지나 노화온도(老化溫度)가 $259^{\circ}C(500^{\circ}F)$로 높아짐에 따라 monosulfide 함량(含量)도 증가(增加)한다. $550^{\circ}F(287.7^{\circ}C)$의 노화온도(老化溫度)에서는 EPDM폴리머의 모든 가교(架橋)가 monosulfide구조가 되나 전가교밀도(全架橋密度) 및 $E_b$ (신장률(伸長率), 절단시(切斷時)의)는 대단(大端)히 낮은 것으로 나타나는데 이것은 산화(酸化)에 의한 노화(劣化)에 기인(基因)되는 것으로 보인다. 질소기류(窒素氣流)속에서의 TGA의 분석결과(分析結果)를 보면 EPDM 가황체(加黃體)는 $800\sim935^{\circ}F(427\sim502^{\circ}C)$의 온도범위(溫度範圍)에서 분해(分解)되며 공기중(空氣中)에서는 $750\sim935^{\circ}F$ 범위(範圍)에서 분해(分解)한다.