• Elastomers and Composites
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• v.40 no.2
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• pp.83-92
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• 2005

To develop an automotive fuel hose suitable to the international environmental regulation, FKM rubber materials as an inner material of fuel hole were prepared with different chemical compositions. Measurement of the properties of thermal resistance, oil resistance, fuel resistance, gas permeability including fundamental properties were performed to investigate compatibility for a fuel hose material. Fundamental properties, thermal resistance, oil resistance, fuel resistance and permeability of FKM rubber materials were improved with fluorine content. When the carbon content was 20 phr, FKM compounds with fluorine contents of 66%, 09% and 71% were shown to satisfy the specification oi fuel hose. The gas permeability of NBR and FKM compounds was measured on the mixed fuel oils prepared with isooctane-toluene and gasoline-methanol. FKM rubber materials showed a small difference in penetrated amount of fuel and showed a permeability superior to NBR material. he permeability of FKM rubber materials was not influenced by the contents of fuel oil. Thermal properties of 69% FKM rubber experienced by permeability testing were not variated.

• Membrane Journal
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.141-146
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• 2005

In this study, carbon composites were prepared using carbon graphite, thermoset resin, and carbon black. Oxygen permeability was measured using the continuous flow gas permeation analyzer as a function of composition and processing conditions. The experimental results showed that the oxygen permeability increased as the carbon black content increased, whereas the oxygen permeability decreased as the pressing time increased. The oxygen permeability was not affected by the processing pressure.

• Proceedings of the Membrane Society of Korea Conference
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• 1995.04a
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• pp.38-39
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• 1995

최근 자동차 대체 연료로 가솔린에 10% 무수에탄올이 혼합된 Gasohol 사용에 관한 관심이 고조되고 있으며, 이는 Gasohol이 자동차 배기 가스중의 일산화탄소 및 탄화수소 함유량을 감소시켜 대기 오염을 줄일 수 있기 때문이다. Gasohol에 사용되는 무수에탄올의 농도는 99.5% 이상이어야 하며, 이러한 고순도의 에탄올을 제조하기 위해서는 물과 에탄올의 공비 혼합물(95.6% 에탄올)로부터 공비증류, 분자체 흡착, 투과증발과 같은 분리 조작을 이용하여 물을 제거하는 공정이 필요하다. 현재 에탄올 탈수에는 공비증류가 많이 사용되고 있으나 공비증류는 에너지 사용량이 많을 뿐더러 유독한 Entrainer를 첨가하기 때문에 투과증발과 같은 저 에너지 소비형, 환경친화적인 공정으로의 전환이 이루어지고 있다. 에탄올 탈수용 투과증발 플랜트는 전세계 20여개가 가동되고 있으며, 상업화된 플랜트의 대부분은 독일의 Deutsche Carbone사가 제조한 PVA/PAN 투과증발 복합막을 사용하고 있다. 투과증발 시스템은 물에 대한 친화도가 높은 투과증발막 및 모듈, 기타 분리 구동력을 높여주기 위한 Heater, 진공펌프, 냉각기, 열 교환기 등의 주변 설비로 구성되며, 투과증발 시스템 개발을 위해서는 우수한 막/모듈 제조와 아울러 최적 공정 설계 기술 개발이 필수적이라 하겠다.

• Membrane Journal
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.65-74
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• 1997

Pervaporation pilot tests for obtaining the anhydrous ethanol, which is an automobile fuel additive for reducing air pollution, were carried out in the production field of fermented ethanol by using a PVA composite membrane. In the pervaporation dehydration of the ethanol/water azeotropic mixture, the membrane performance is concluded to be enhanced with the heating temperature of feed. In the determination of the permeate condensation temperature from the viewpoint of energy cost, an Optimal temperature was found to be near $0{\circ}C$. The results on the dehydration of fermented ethanol were similar to those of synthetic ethanol, which indicates that the pervaporation performance is not influenced by impurities contained in the ethanol to be dehydrated. From a comparison of calculated energy needed in the system and measured value in the pilot test, it is confirmed that the latent heat for vaporization of permeant on the permeate side of membrane is supplied from the feed.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.17 no.7
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• pp.204-210
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• 2016

This paper presents an experimental analysis of the growth and oxidation processes of soot particles generated in an isooctane diffusive laminar flame due to incomplete combustion. The effects of iron-based diagnostics were employed to measure the elastic scattering light from soot particles in a flame at different flame heights, and the differential scattering coefficients were calculated through a calibration process. The growth and oxidation of soot particles in flame was investigated by comparing differential scattering coefficients, and the soot volume fraction was seen to decrease in the soot oxidation process. In the same manner, the differential scattering coefficients were calculated for iron-based fuel-additive seeded flame, and these coefficients were revealed to be smaller than those obtained in the fuel-additive unseeded flame. In addition, transmission through the radial direction of the flame was measured, and transmission in the soot oxidation regime was approximately 5% higher for the seeded flame. The propensity of the data coincided well with the differential scattering coefficients, and it can be concluded that the iron component of the fuel additive plays a crucial role as a catalyst, which eventually enhanced soot particle oxidation.

• Korean Chemical Engineering Research
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• v.56 no.2
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• pp.151-155
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• 2018

Degree of membrane degradation in Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells (PEMFC) is mainly evaluated by the hydrogen crossover current density. The hydrogen crossover current density is measured by linear sweep voltammetry (LSV), which differs from the DOE protocol and the NEDO protocol. In this study, two protocols were compared during PEMFC operation and accelerated stress test. In the LSV method by the DOE method, the scan rate change affects the hydrogen crossover current density, but the NEDO method does not affect the hydrogen crossover current density. In the course of 15,000 cycles of polymer membrane wet/dry cycle, the DOE method was sensitive to membrane degradation, but the NEDO method was less sensitive to membrane degradation than the DOE method.

• 한국신재생에너지학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2005.06a
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• pp.299-302
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• 2005

Direct Borohydride Fuel Cell은 알칼리 붕소 수소화물의 수용액을 이용하는 연료전지로 연료의 직접 산화반응을 통해 기존의 DMFC(직접 메탄을 연료전지)보다 높은 전류밀도와 OUV(Open Circuit Voltage)를 나타낸다. 또한 액체 연료를 사용하므로 장치 구성이 간단하며, 사용하는 연료가 반응성이 높은 알칼리 붕소 수소화물로 이루어져 있기 때문에 탄화수소 계열의 액체 연료와 달리 전기화학 반응이 비귀금속 전극에서도 쉽게 이루어질 수 있다는 장점을 가지고 있다 하지만 강알칼리 조건에서 전기화학 반응이 진행되므로 이에 적합한 재료로 장치를 구성해야 하며, 액체 상태의 연료가 전해질을 투과하는 현상인 크로스오버 문제를 해결해야 하고, 생성물인 $BO_2$-가 침적되어 전지효율을 떨어뜨리는 것을 방지해야 하는 문제점이 있다. 또한 알칼리 붕소 수소화물이 물과 반응하여 수소를 발생시키는 hydrolysis 반응을 억제하여야 하고 직접 산화반응만이 진행될 수 있도록 전지를 구성해야 연료효율을 높일 수 있다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 수소 생성반응일 hydrolysis 반응은 억제하고 연료의 직접 산화반응만을 진행시키기 위한 전극촉매에 대하여 연구하였다. 일반적인 저온형 연료전지의 전극촉매로 사용하는 Pt등의 귀금속 촉매와, 귀금속 촉매를 대체할 수 있는 Ni등의 비귀금속 촉매를 그 연구 대상으로 하였으며, 평가 방법으로는 unit cell station을 이용한 단위전지 성능측정 실험과 Potentiostat/Galvanostat을 이용한 half cell 실험을 병행하여 수행하였다.

• Proceedings of the Korean Vacuum Society Conference
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• 2012.02a
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• pp.301-301
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• 2012

지구 온난화와 화석 연료의 고갈이 심각해지면서 청정 에너지원으로서 신재생에너지에 대한 관심이 더욱 고조되고 있다. 신재생에너지 분야의 핵심기술의 하나인 태양전지의 여러 응용분야 중에서 건물 일체형 태양전지의 발전 가능성이 특히 높게 평가되고 있다. Si 계 박막 태양전지 내에 금속 산화물 계 선택적 투과막을 적용하면 선택적으로 적외선영역을 광흡수층으로 반사시키므로 건물 일체형 태양전지에 적용이 가능한 높은 변환효율의 투명 태양전지를 제조할 수 있다. 최근 연구 결과에 의하면 AlTiO 선택적 투과막의 투과율은 표면 평탄도에 의존하며, 타겟에 인가되는 전력을 감소시킴으로써 reactive co-sputtering 시 발생하는 아크 방전을 억제하면 AlTiO 박막의 평탄도가 개선된다는 사실이 알려져 있다. 본 연구에서는 AlTi single 타겟을 이용하여 AlTiO 박막을 형성함으로써 박막 표면을 더욱 개선시켜 가시광선 영역의 투과율을 향상시킨 결과를 보고한다.

• Applied Chemistry for Engineering
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.144-149
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• 2005

Sulfonated poly(ether ether ketone) (SPEEK) was blended with poly(ether sulfone) (PES) at various compositions. To investigate the possibility of using the blend membranes as polymer electrolyte membranes for direct methanol fuel cell, the blend membranes were characterized in terms of methanol permeability, proton conductivity, ion exchange capacity, and water content. Both proton conductivity and methanol permeability of SPEEK were relatively high. As the amount of PES increased, methanol permeability decreased more rapidly compared to proton conductivity. The experimental results indicated that the blend membrane with 40 wt% PES was the best choice in terms of the ratio of proton conductivity to methanol permeability.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Propulsion Engineers Conference
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• 2009.05a
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• pp.335-337
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• 2009

Internal Pressure Maintenance Equipment absorbs internal pressure variation for it's storage has developed. The bladder ; main item of Internal Pressure Maintenance Equipment, has developed with multi-layer to prevent a penetration and to improve durability. And durability test and environment test was carried out to verify the performance in the condition that could be happened in storage or operation.