• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers B
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• v.35 no.6
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• pp.641-648
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• 2011

Off-gases emitted from the anode of a molten carbonate fuel cell (MCFC) at high temperatures for power generation are used as fuel in catalytic combustion. The heat generated in the catalytic combustor is utilized as the heat for the endothermic reaction required for steam reforming. Among the various operational conditions of the integrated reactor, we varied the inlet gas compositions of the catalytic combustor according to fuel utilization in the MCFC and the ratio of steam to carbon in the reformer. Subsequently, the thermal behaviors and reaction characteristics of the integrated reactor were investigated experimentally. The fundamental data from this experimental study will be useful for the design and fabrication of a more practical integrated reactor in the future.

• Korean Chemical Engineering Research
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• v.52 no.6
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• pp.720-726
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• 2014

PEM fuel cell vehicles have been getting much attraction due to a sort of highly clean and effective transportation. The onboard fuel processor, however, is inevitably required to supply the hydrogen by conversion from some fuels since there are not enough available hydrogen stations nearby. A lot of studies have been focused on analyses of ATR reactor under the assumption of thermo-neutral condition and those of the optimized process for the minimization of energy consumption using thermal efficiency as an objective function, which doesn't guarantee the maximum hydrogen production. In this study, the analysis of optimization for 100 kW PEMFC onboard fuel processor was conducted targeting various fuels such as gasoline, LPG, diesel using newly defined hydrogen efficiency and keeping simply synthesized heat exchanger network regardless of external utilities leading to compactness and integration. Optimal result of gasoline case shows 9.43% reduction compared to previous study, which shows the newly defined objective function leads to better performance than thermal efficiency in terms of hydrogen production. The sensitivity analysis was also done for hydrogen efficiency, heat recovery of each heat exchanger, and the cost of each fuel. Finally, LPG was estimated as the most economical fuel in Korean market.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers B
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• v.36 no.3
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• pp.343-350
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• 2012

A planar solid oxide fuel cell (PSOFC) is studied in its application in a high-temperature stationary power plant. Even though PSOFCs with external reformers are designed for application from the distributed power source to the central power plant, such PSOFCs may sacrifice more system efficiency than internally reformed SOFCs. In this study, modeling of the PSOFC with an external reformer was developed to analyze the feasibility of thermal energy utilization for the external reformer. The PSOFC system model includes the stack, reformer, burner, heat exchanger, blower, pump, PID controller, 3-way valve, reactor, mixer, and steam separator. The model was developed under the Matlab/Simulink environment with Thermolib$^{(R)}$ modules. The model was used to study the system performance according to its configuration. Three configurations of the SOFC system were selected for the comparison of the system performance. The system configuration considered the cathode recirculation, thermal sources for the external reformer, heat-up of operating gases, and condensate anode off-gas for the enhancement of the fuel concentration. The simulation results show that the magnitude of the electric efficiency of the PSOFC system for Case 2 is 12.13% higher than that for Case 1 (reference case), and the thermal efficiency of the PSOFC system for Case 3 is 76.12%, which is the highest of all the cases investigated.

• Transactions of the Korean hydrogen and new energy society
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.156-163
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• 2015

The fuel cells have been investigated in the applications of marine as the high efficient and eco-friendly power generating systems. In this study, modeling of IR Type molten carbonate fuel cell (Internal Reforming Type molten carbonate fuel cell) has been developed to analyze the feasibility of thermal energy utilization. The model is developed under Aspen plus and used for the study of system performances over regarding fuel types. The simulation results show that the efficiency of MCFC system based on NG fuel is the highest. Also, it is also verified that the steam reforming is suitable as pre-reforming for diesel fuel.

• Ceramist
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.11-13
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• 2012

• Transactions of the Korean hydrogen and new energy society
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.293-305
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• 2001

최근 디젤 대체 연료 및 발전용 연료로서 그 가능성을 인정받고 있는 DME(dimethyl ether, $CH_{3}OCH_{3}$)를 이용하여 수소를 생산하는 방법으로 DME 수증기 개질반응의 기초 실험을 수행하였다. DME 개질 반응의 생성물의 평형 조성 분포를 온도, 압력, 원료의 공급비$(H_{2}O/DME)$를 변수로 하여 열역학적으로 해석하였고, DME, 에탄올, 또는 메탄올 수증기 개질 반응의 생성물의 분포를 비교하여 수소 생산을 위한 공급원료로의 가능성을 검토하였다. 여러 종류의 개질 촉매를 사용하여 DME 개질 반응을 수행해 본 결과, 반응온도 $300^{\circ}C$, 반응압력 1atm, 원료 공급비$(H_{2}O/DME)=3$인 반응조건에서 1.0wt% $Pd/{\gamma}$-alumina가 가장 좋은 활성 및 60% 이상의 수소 선택도를 보여주었으, 또한 원료의 공급비가 증가함에 따라 DME의 전환율 및 주 생성물인 수소의 수율이 현저하게 증가함을 보여주었다.

• 한국전기화학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2001.06a
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• pp.243-248
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• 2001

• Applied Chemistry for Engineering
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• v.10 no.5
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• pp.652-659
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• 1999

The trend of poisoning of reforming catalyst along with the position of anodic catalyst bed was studied. Keeping the conditions that steam to carbon ratio was 2.5, operating voltage was 0.75 V, current density was $140mA/cm^2$, the unit cell was operated during 24 hrs at a steady state. And then the cell was stopped, the catalysts packed in the position of inlet, middle and outlet were sampled individually and then the amount of carbon, Li and K poisoned were analysed. After 100 hrs operated, the catalysts at the same positions were analysed at the same manner. The result of this experiment was as followings. After 24 hrs operated, the poisoning amounts of Li and K in the catalyst were 0.27 wt% at inlet, 0.23 wt% at middle and the highest value 1.59 wt% at outlet. After 100 hrs, the amount of poisoning is the highest in the catalyst packed at the inlet of unit cell. The performance simulation of unit cell explained these trends of poisoning catalysts. The simulation told that the catalyst in the region of the inlet of unit cell treated the 90% of initial methane flow rate and the highest electrochemical reaction happened in this region. So the catalysts of this region were the most poisoned with carbon, Li and K and also the rate of poisoning is faster than that of the catalyst at other regions. The temperature at the region of outlet of unit cell was $30^{\circ}C$ higher than that of other regions, so more Li, and K vaporized than at other regions and little reforming reaction at this region made the catalysts poisoning rate low.

• Journal of Advanced Marine Engineering and Technology
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• v.40 no.7
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• pp.569-573
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• 2016

Strengthened regulations for atmospheric emissions from ships have created a need for new and alternative power systems that offer low emissions and high energy efficiency. Recently, new types of propulsion power systems, such as fuel cell systems that use hydrogen as an energy source, have gained serious consideration in applications requiring emission control. The purpose of this work is to certify the availability of solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) systems equipped with recycled steam reforming fuel processors, and to compare their performance with that of extra steam reforming systems. The results demonstrate that the recycled steam reforming system has a slightly lower cell voltage and higher energy efficiency than the extra steam reforming system.

• 한국신재생에너지학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2005.06a
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• pp.303-305
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• 2005

현재 인류가 직면하고 있는 에너지 및 환경 문제를 해결할 수 있는 최선의 대안으로서 수소 에너지 및 연료전지 기술에 대한 연구가 활발히 진행 중이다. 본 연구에서는 디메틸 에테르를 이용한 수소 생산 기술에 대한 연구를 수행하였다 디메틸 에테르(BATE)는 안정한 화합물로서 비 활성적이고 부식성이 없으며 발암성 및 마취성이 얼어 인체에 무해한 청청 연료로서 각광을 받고 있으며 특히 기존의 LPG 인프라를 그대로 사용할 수 있는 장점 등으로 수소 스테이션 및 소형 연료전지용 수소 발생기 등에의 적용을 위한 연구가 활발히 진행 중이다. 본 연구에서는 이러한 응용을 위한 수소 발생기용 DME 개질 반응기의 개발을 위하여 본 반응에 대한 촉매 종류의 영향, 공간속도의 최적화, 반응 메카니즘에 따른 촉매 선정, 반응온도 등의 다양한 반웅 조건에 대한 영향을 확인하고 실제 소형 연료전지를 위한 수소공급 장치로서 적용코자 마이크로채널 반응기에 적용하여 마이크로채널 DME 개질반응기의 컴팩트한 수소공급 장치로서의 적용 가능성을 평가하였다.