• Journal of Teachers' Pension
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• v.1
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• pp.13-45
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• 2016

2015년말 사학연금제도의 법 개정이 이루어졌다. 그동안의 연금개혁이 주로 연금보험료 인상으로 이루어졌다면 이번 연금개혁은 연금지급률, 연금보험료률, 연금수급개시연령, 연금수급자에 대한 연금액 동결 등 다각적으로 이루어졌다. 국민연금과 동일한 수준의 가입자 내 소득재분배가 이루어졌다는 점도 특이하다. 본 논문은 사학연금법 개정의 재정효과와 후생효과를 분석하여 사학연금제도 개혁의 의미를 평가하고 정책과제를 도출하고 있다. 사학연금은 특수직역연금 중 유일하게 연기금이 아직 존재하는 제도로서 이번 연금개혁으로 국민연금에 가까운 재정안정화 효과를 거두었다는 점에서 큰 의의가 있다. 소득대체율과 연금수익비 등 후생적 측면에서의 후퇴에도 불구하고 제도의 안정성이 높아졌다는 점에서 의의가 크다. 이번 연금개혁으로 사학연금은 상당부분 국민연금제도와 유사하게 변동하였다는 점에서 국민연금과의 형평성도 제고되었다고 볼 수 있다. 2009년 연금개혁의 미비점을 보완하고 보다 완성도가 높은 개혁이 이루졌다고 볼 수 있다. 향후 국민연금제도의 재정안정화 추이에 맞추어 사학연금제도가 함께 부응해 나간다면 사학연금은 보다 재정적으로도 건전한 제도로 자리잡을 수 있을 것으로 판단된다.

• Proceedings of the KSR Conference
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• 2007.11a
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• pp.1337-1345
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• 2007

The present study is a basic investigation for systematically proceeding disaster prevention studying the effect of platform screen door in case of fire at the subway station. In the paper, the characteristics of screen door were surveyed and described. The fully closed platform screen door and the island type of subway station were employed for simulation-study. Numerical simulations of fire driven flow at the subway station with platform screen door were performed with commercial fire CFD code. For analyzing of the effect of platform screen door, the fire simulations with and without the platform screen door were compared. For the fire location, the one is located on the platform and the other case on the railway. The Ultrafast model was taken as fire growth scenario. The maximum heat release rate was 10MW. The propagated time of the heat and smoke to stairs was within 4 minute when the fire is located on the platform. However the heat and smoke propagation was block off by screen door when the fire is located on the railway.

• Fire Science and Engineering
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.97-105
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• 2010

The smoke control systems using pressure differentials are already well known as the most reliable method to prevent the smoke infiltration into the emergency stairs or safe spaces. However, it is true that many problems are domestically pointed out due to the insufficient understanding and technology on the smoke control systems using pressure differentials. In this regard, this work analyzed the effect of major factors for smoke control system using pressure differentials such as a duct area, opening area of air supply damper, improvement on open vestibules, stack effect and location of air supply. In conclusion, adequate pressure differentials can not be maintained in small duct because the smaller duct area have the large friction loss. Especially, It is confirmed that the major factor for deterioration of smoke control system performance is stack effect that makes pressure differentials smaller in the lower floors.

• Proceedings of the Korea Contents Association Conference
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• 2006.05a
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• pp.499-502
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• 2006

Simulation of dynamic particle systems has been used in computer animation for several years and has more recently been used in real-time simulation and games to enrich the visual appearance of the virtual worlds. A particle system is composed of one or more individual particles. The goal of this paper is to develop particle system graphics library and generator for real time processing.

• Fire Science and Engineering
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• v.25 no.5
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• pp.14-20
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• 2011

As the height of the building increases, the stack effect in stairwell that is main facilities for evacuation becomes stronger. While the pressure rise in stairwell causes difficulties on opening the door for evacuation and has effect on smoke control system, reduction of stack effect will be necessary for providing more safe evacuation environment. The field experiments on pressure field in high-rise building are carried out to present reduction method of stack effect and the numerical analyses using network model are proceeded to design quantitatively the reduction method. As the air flow supplied from outside in lower stair and exhausted to outside in upper stair is formed in stairwell, the stack effect in stairwell is expected to be decreased.

• Journal of Korea Entertainment Industry Association
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• v.14 no.6
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• pp.77-89
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• 2020

The film "Parasite" portrays Korea's history and its present in a space that clearly represents the real world's hierarchy as a vertical structure. It demonstrates the problems of an insurmountable reality and the elements of various conflicts occurring below the surface of Korean society through a complex mix of human emotions and relationships. The most realistic yet unrealistic characters cross boundaries between being victims and perpetrators, defamiliarizing ordinary scenes from everyday life through their small mistakes, strange obsessions, bizarre behavior, anxious psychology, and desperate struggles. This study analyzes the expression of the film "Parasite" through its characters with the belief that the film expresses director Bong Joon-ho's consistent cinematic philosophy of taking reality beyond the traditional rules of film genres. By doing so, Bong creates a feature of the expression that shifts genres as the characters' personalities amplify related behaviors, conflicts and questions, and that this is the core of the unique nuance and distinct humor of this film. In addition, the personalities of the characters interact with all the film's elements (cinematic techniques, space, props, etc.), evoking effects of various meanings, which are transmitted through the actors'images and acting. In this respect, the study analyzes how the actors were cast in order to realistically reproduce the characters of the actors, how their acting was harmonized with the film's elements, and its features as well as how they were expressed.

• Fire Science and Engineering
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• v.24 no.5
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• pp.50-59
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• 2010

Four fire scenarios, as the cases of fire sizes of 2 MW and 5 MW, and no installation and activation of atrium fire shutter for dormitory building of Daegu 'D college', were developed and fire simulations were run using FDS (ver. 5.5.0) and Pathfinder 2009 programs. By assessing fire and evacuation, the effects of atrium fire shutter and vents on the smoke control of atrium were evaluated and this study also analyzed fire hazard and egress safety for occupants in the dormitory. Fire shutter's preventing smoke transport around atrium was much effective, but smoke layer descended down the design limit of smoke height and kept about 2 m height from the atrium floor in all cases because flow rate through vents was not enough. For the case of 5 MW fire and no fire shutter, fire hazard was higher due to visibility than temperature and allowable egress time to stairwell was short less than 5 seconds for the occupants on the floors of 4F to 7F. For total occupants, egress time out of main doorway was calculated about 136 seconds. It is sure that additional systems improving the performance of smoke control need to be installed for more safe evacuation.

• Proceedings of the Korea Contents Association Conference
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• 2005.11a
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• pp.572-575
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• 2005

In digital contents industry there is a high demand to convincingly mimic the appearance and behavior of natural phenomena such as smoke, waterfall, rain, and fire. Particle systems are methods adequate for modeling fuzzy objects of natural phenomena. It is clear which parameter of which action in a particular effect should be modified for a particular visual result. The generator is usable for offline animation and for real-time special effects in digital contents and virtual reality. The application programmer is able to specify different accuracy needs for different effects. This paper design special effect generator for make low-price and high-quality digital contents in reflection industry and virtual reality applications.

• 월간산업보건
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• s.268
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• pp.28-38
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• 2010

사람들은 일반적으로 건강증진에 대해 오랜 기간이 소요되는 무형의 이익 효과보다는 소요되는 금전적, 시간적 비용 투자를 보다 크게 생각하는 경향이 있다. 행동경제학(bahavioral economics)에서는 이러한 경향을 현재우선편견(present-biased preference)이라고 정의하고 있다. 사람들은 의사결정 과정에서 미래의 비용과 이득보다는 현재 상황에서 발생하는 비용과 이득에 보다 큰 비중을 둔다는 것이다. 아러한 편견은 미래에 발생할 수도 있는 심각한 건강문제로 겪게 되는 막대한 비용요인보다 현재의 흡연에 따른 즉각적인 정신적 쾌감이나 당장의 즉각적인 즐거움을 보다 우선시하는 상황을 설명해준다. 대부분의 사람들은 측정가능하고 눈으로 당장 확인활 수 있는 이득에 대해 보다 쉽게 동기부여가 이뤄진다는 것이다. 따라서 이 때 주어지는 경제적 인센티브는 당장의 건강증진 행위를 실천하는데 소요되는 금전적, 시간적 비용부담을 줄여주는 효과를 제공활 수 있다.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Propulsion Engineers Conference
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• 1998.10a
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• pp.27-27
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• 1998

제트에 있어서 유동특성은 제트초기의 생성되는 불안정성이 하류에서의 와류성장에 영향을 끼치게 되기 때문에 중요하게 되며, 와류의 조절을 통해 충돌면에의 열전달 효과의 변화를 가져올 수 있게 된다 따라서 본 연구에서는 FFT를 이용하여 제트의 와류생성과 병합의 주파수 특성을 연구하고, 이에 적절한 주파수로 와류를 여기 하여 자유제트의 유동특성 변화와 이에 따른 충돌 면에서의 충돌제트의 유동 및 열전달 특성을 고찰하였다. 제트의 음향을 통한 여기를 함으로써 생성되는 와류형성 및 병합 특성 변화는 연기열선법(smoke-wire method)과 속도 및 난류강도 특성 결과를 통해 확인 할 수 있었는데, 이는 자연적으로 생성되는 와류의 주파수(고유 주파수)와 관련하여 고유주파수의 조화성분 또는 부조화성분의 주파수를 가함으로써 와류의 병합을 촉진시키거나 억제하는 효과를 나타내기 때문이다.