• Proceedings of the Korea Institute of Fire Science and Engineering Conference
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• 2010.10a
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• pp.287-290
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• 2010

최근 건축물은 초고층화 대형화 지하심층화 등으로 변모하고, 더나아가 복합화가 진행되고 있다. 이러한 건축물은 화재 발생 시 기존의 건축물보다 큰 인재로서 다가오며, 특히 연기로 인한 피해가 주를 이루고 있다. 하지만 국내의 경우 연기의 피해에 따른 피난용량설정 및 계획 등에 관한 연구가 미흡한 실정이다. 따라서 본 연구는 기존 개발된 일본의 연기 거동 해석모델인 BRI2002의 메커니즘를 이용하여, 가상의 건축물에서의 Case Study를 통한 연기거동을 분석함으로서 향후 연기거동에 대한 연구의 방향성 및 기초적인 자료를 구축하는데 그 목적이 있다.

• 한국전산유체공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2009.04a
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• pp.202-207
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• 2009

In this study, Numerical simulations were performed to analyze the characteristics of fire driven smoke flow for different location of fire source in the deeply underground subway station with using FDS code. The fire driven smoke-flow which was simulated by using Parallel Computational Method for fast calculation and LES for turbulence model. In this research, the fire location to obstruct a suitable egress from the fire disaster were discussed.

• Proceedings of the Korea Institute of Fire Science and Engineering Conference
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• 2011.11a
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• pp.7-10
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• 2011

최근 국제우주정거장에서 화재안전에 관한 중요성의 인식으로 화재의 감지/소화의 메커니즘을 구체적으로 이해하기 위한 다양한 연구들이 시도되고 있다. 본 연구에서는 국제우주정거장에서 각종 실험과 연구를 진행하는 가압모듈을 대상으로 환기, 연기거동 및 감지에 관한 수치모델링을 수행하였다. 수치모델링은 NIST에서 개발된 FDS (Fire Dynamic Simulator)가 사용되었다. 국제우주정거장 내부는 마이크로중력환경으로 부력이 존재하지 않아 화재 발생 시 화염 및 연기거동은 지상에서의 현상들과 큰 차이를 보이게 된다. 따라서 현재 가압모듈에서 적용되고 있는 환기조건의 변화에 따른 연기거동 및 감지특성에 대한 연구는 향후 국내의 국제 우주정거장 실험 참여를 위한 기초적인 정보를 제공할 것으로 기대된다.

• Journal of Korean Tunnelling and Underground Space Association
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.105-115
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• 2014

A numerical analysis on the smoke behavior and evacuee safety has been performed with computational fluid dynamics. The purpose of this study is to build computational processes for an evacuation and prevention of a fire disaster of a 3 km-length tunnel in Korea. To save computational cost, 1.5 km of the tunnel that can include a few cross-passing tunnels is considered. We are going to assess the fire safety in a road tunnel according to the smoke level, which consists of the smoke density and the height from the floor. The smoke density is obtained in detail from three-dimensional unsteady CFD analysis. To obtain proper temperature distributions on the tunnel wall, one-dimensional conduction equation is considered instead of an adiabatic wall boundary or a constant heat flux. The tunnel considered in this study equips the cross passing tunnels for evacuees every 250 m. The distance is critical in both safety and economy. The more cross passing tunnels, the more safe but the more expensive. Three different jet fan operations can be considered in this study; under- and over-critical velocities for normal traffic condition and 0-velocoty operation for the traffic congestion. The SE (smoke environment) level maps show a smoke environment and an evacuating behavior every moment.

• 한국터널공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2005.04a
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• pp.341-347
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• 2005

본 논문은 터널에서 화재 발생 시, 시간에 따른 연기거동에 대해 실물실험과 3차원 수치해석을 수행하고 각각의 결과를 비교,검토하였다. 실물실험을 위하여 8.8 kW의 열원과 901iter/h의 연기 발생이 가능한 연기발생장치를 자체 제작하였으며, 대상터널은 길이 570m, 단면적 $64.6m^2,$ 그리고 약 $2\%$의 구배를 가지고 있다. 실험은 외풍의 영향을 줄이기 위해 터널 입,출구에 차단막을 설치하였으며 연기발생장치로부터 20m 간격의 위치에서 20초 간격으로 연기전파, 속도 그리고 온도를 측정하였다. 연기는 60초 경과 후, 연기발생장치로부터 20m 떨어진 위치에 도달하였으며 140초, 180초 및 260초 경과 후, 각각 40m, 60m 및 80m 위치에 도달하였다. 3차원 수치해석의 결과는 터널벽면을 매끈한 표면으로 처리하였을 때, $26.3\~49.5\%$정도 과대 예측하였다. 또한 터널벽면을 일정 조도를 갖는 거친 표면으로 처리한 경우는 $-2.7\~17.6\%$ 오차로 실험결과에 보다 근접하는 결과를 보였다. 따라서 터널 내 연기거동에 대한 3차원 수치해석을 수행할 때에는 벽면조도에 대한 고려가 필요하리라 판단된다.

• Fire Science and Engineering
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• v.26 no.6
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• pp.51-56
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• 2012

The onset of fire on the International Space Station (ISS) is a critical problem that can threaten the life of crew members onboard and thus instantaneous fire detection and extinguishment technology has been considered as one of the most important aspects in the ISS operation. In the present study, a numerical analysis was performed to better understanding of the characteristics of smoke behaviors and detection in a pressurized module of the ISS using the NIST Fire Dynamic Simulator (FDS). Numerical results indicate that the smoke flow patterns under zero-gravity condition are clearly different from those under normal gravity condition. In addition, the results obtained from numerical simulations coupled with the PM internal flows are expected to provide basic and useful information in designing the microgravity fire detection devices and establishing in fire response protocol for astronauts or the crew members.

• Fire Science and Engineering
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• v.19 no.1 s.57
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• pp.87-92
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• 2005

In this paper, numerical simulation are conducted to predict the characteristics of the heat transfer and smoke flow and evacuation in the road tunnel. Fire source are used about 30 MW and the turbulent flow characteristics are considered by standard k-epsilon turbulent model. The effect of transient thermal behavior and disaster prevention can be used for designing the road tunnel.

• Fire Science and Engineering
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.18-25
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• 1999

There are a lot of works for predicting smoke movement in a building experimentally and m numerically. It is Vel${\gamma}$ important to predict a smoke movement in a corridor which is c connected to adjacent spaces. A numerical analysis of smoke movement in an enclosed c corridor is perlormed by a field model. The used field model is develo야d with 3-D u unstructured meshes, PISO Algorithm and buoyant plume model. In this study, tern야~ature a and flow field, some important p하ameters such as smoke spread time, hot layer temperature, c ceiling jet velocity were compared with experimental data which were perlormed in Korea I Ins디tute of Machinery and Materials. And average velocity of ceiling jet by this study is c compared with Hinkley's formula. This paper shows a flow characteristic around the soffit a and average velocity of ceiling jet is i따luenced by geometry of corridor, heat output, and d distance from the fire source.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment & Safety
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• v.11 no.1 s.22
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• pp.53-59
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• 2005

It is very dongerous for ship‘s fire which occurs from navigating because of it will not be able to expect fire fighting from land so that handle with the oneself to control. Additionally, in the case of passenger ship is more serious for the reason of not only the property damage but also large life accident can be occurred continuously. When the fire occurs, the many smoke to occur simultaneously as well as the heat from combustion process and the poisonous smoke is brought the life damage as the death from suffocation The purpose of this study is to examine the smoke movement characteristics in the ship's indoor spaces with fire size and location An experimental study was carried out with two sized of fires and three typed of fire source locations. As the results, the smoke and heat diffusion characteristics Ms been showed the most quick rise curve in the case of comer type fire.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment & Safety
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• v.27 no.5
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• pp.683-690
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• 2021

The ventilation system of the engine room of a ship is generally installed to supply the combustion air necessary for the internal combustion engine and to remove the heat source generated in the engine room, and it must satisfy the international standard (ISO 8861) for the design conditions and calculation standards for the ventilation of the ship engine room. The response delay of the ventilation system including the fire detector is affected by the airflow formed inside the area and the location of the fire detector. In this study, to improve the initial fire detection response speed of a fire detector installed on a fishing vessel and to maintain the sensitivity of the installed detector, the smoke behavior was simulated using the air flow field inside the engine room, the amount of combustion air in the internal combustion engine, and the internal pressure of the engine room as variables. Analysis of the simulation results showed that reducing the flow rate in the air flow field and increasing the vortex by reducing the internal pressure of the engine room and installing a smoke curtain would accelerate the rise of the ceiling of the smoke component and improve the smoke detector response speed and ventilation system.