Browse > Article
http://dx.doi.org/10.9711/KTAJ.2014.16.1.105

Flow and smoke behavior of a longitudinal ventilation tunnel with various velocities using computational fluid dynamics  

Lee, J.H. (Mechatronics Engineering, Hoseo University)
Kwon, Y.J. (Department of Fire and Disaster Protection Engineering, Hoseo University)
Kim, D.E. (Department of Fire and Disaster Protection Engineering, Hoseo University)
Publication Information
Journal of Korean Tunnelling and Underground Space Association / v.16, no.1, 2014 , pp. 105-115 More about this Journal
Abstract
A numerical analysis on the smoke behavior and evacuee safety has been performed with computational fluid dynamics. The purpose of this study is to build computational processes for an evacuation and prevention of a fire disaster of a 3 km-length tunnel in Korea. To save computational cost, 1.5 km of the tunnel that can include a few cross-passing tunnels is considered. We are going to assess the fire safety in a road tunnel according to the smoke level, which consists of the smoke density and the height from the floor. The smoke density is obtained in detail from three-dimensional unsteady CFD analysis. To obtain proper temperature distributions on the tunnel wall, one-dimensional conduction equation is considered instead of an adiabatic wall boundary or a constant heat flux. The tunnel considered in this study equips the cross passing tunnels for evacuees every 250 m. The distance is critical in both safety and economy. The more cross passing tunnels, the more safe but the more expensive. Three different jet fan operations can be considered in this study; under- and over-critical velocities for normal traffic condition and 0-velocoty operation for the traffic congestion. The SE (smoke environment) level maps show a smoke environment and an evacuating behavior every moment.
Keywords
Critical wind velocity; Cross passing tunnel; Evacuee; Numerical method; Jet fan;
Citations & Related Records
연도 인용수 순위
  • Reference
1 Kunikane, Y., Kawabata, N., Ishikawa, T., TAkekuni, K., Shimoda, A. (2002), Thermal Fummes and Smoke Induced by Bus Fire Accident in Large Cross Sectional Tunnel, The fifth JSME-KSME Fluids Engineering Conference, Nov. 17-21, 2002, Nagoya, Japan, pp. 1-6.
2 Hwang, C.C., Edwards, J.C. (2005), The Critical Ventilation Velocity in Tunnel Fires - a Computer Simulation, Fire Safety Journal, Vol. 40, pp. 213-244.   DOI   ScienceOn
3 Launder, B.E., Spalding, D.B. (1974), The numerical Computation of Turbulent Flows, Computer Methods in Applied Mechanics and Engineering 3, pp. 269-289.   DOI   ScienceOn
4 STAR-CCM+, (2008), User Guide, Computational Dynamics, Co., London. U. K.
5 Se, C.M.K., Lee, E.W.M., Lai, A. C.K. (2012) "Impact of location of jet fan on airflow structure in tunnel fire," Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology, Vol. 27, pp. 30-40.   DOI   ScienceOn
6 Seike, M, Kawabata, N, Hasegawa, M. (2011), Study about Assessment of Fire Safety in a Road Tunnel by Evacuee's Behavior Based on Smoke Behavior by 3-D CFD Analysis, Advanced Research Workshop: Evacuation and Human Behavior in Emergency Situations, pp. 111-124.
7 Wang, F., Wang, M., He, S., Zhang J., Deng, Y. (2010) "Computational study of effects of jet fans on the ventilation of a highway curved tunnel," Tunnelling and underground space technology Vol. 25, pp. 382-390.   DOI   ScienceOn
8 Kunikane, Y., Kawabata, N., Takekunni, K., Shimoda, A. (2003), Heat Release Rate Induced by Gasoline Pool Fire in a Large-Cross-Section Tunnel, Tunnel Management International, Vol. 6(1), pp. 22-29.