• Korean Journal of Heritage: History & Science
• /
• v.46 no.3
• /
• pp.212-228
• /
• 2013

Stone cultural heritages are repaired by the use of metal stiffeners. The problem is that this type of repair has been based on the experience of workers without specific guidelines and has caused various problems. This is to suggest the structural reinforcement and behavioral characteristics of metal rods to minimize the secondary damage of materials and have the specimens tested and verified to establish the guidelines on how to insert metal stiffeners. When only epoxy resin is applied to the cut surface, only 70% of the properties of the parent material are regenerated and it is required to structurally reinforce the metal stiffener for the remaining 30%. The metal rod is under the structural behavior after the brittle failure of stone material and the structural behavior does not occur when the metal stiffener is below 0.251%. When it accounts for over 0.5%, it achieves structural reinforcement, but causes secondary damage of parent materials. The appropriate ratio of metal stiffener for the stone material with the strength of $1,500kgf/cm^2$, therefore, should be between 0.283% and 0.377% of the cross section of attached surface to achieve reversible fracture and ductility behavior. In addition, it is more effective to position the stiffeners at close intervals to achieve the peak stress of metal rod against bending load and inserting the stiffener into the upper secions is not structurally supportive, but would rather cause damage of the parent material. Thus, most stiffeners should be inserted into the lower part and some into the central part to work as a stable tensile material under the load stress. The dispersion effect of metal rods was influenced by the area of reinforcing rods and unrelated to their diameter. However, it ensures stability under the load stress to increase the number of stiffeners considering the cross section adhered when working on large-scale structures. The development length is engineered based upon the diameter of stiffener using the following formula: $l_d=\frac{a_tf_y}{u{\Sigma}_0}$. Also, helically-threaded reinforcing rods should be used to perform the behaviors as a structural material.

• Korean Journal of Heritage: History & Science
• /
• v.40
• /
• pp.271-306
• /
• 2007

One of the distinguishing features of late Jeosun's Hanshi (poem in Chinese) is the numerous creation of Yeonjachyung Keesokshi (serial poem on folklore) which describes the folk manner and folk way of life in detail. Keesokshi's subject matter is the folklike in general including local features, geography, climate, local production, humanity, social conducts, and daily labor for living as well. By its material characteristics, Keesokshi reflects detailed life conditions of the society members in each levels, and represents the local customs as well as the folk emotions. Among the several kinds of Keesokshis, a Sesi Keesokshi focuses only in reciting the folk customs on each seasonal festival days, and the great numbers of such serial poems appear during the latter part of the Jeosun Dynasty. Its overall background is the transition of artistic trend which came after many social changes such as expansion of realism, uprising national consciousness, shaken status system, and the rising of 'Jeosunsi' motives in the Hansi history. Moreover, each writer's various experiences and their interests in the reality and critical minds of common people contributed a crucial roll in creation of Sesi Keesokshi. 178 of the 584 remaining serial Sesi Keesokshi are written particularly about the folk customs in The Grand Full Moon Festival (the first full moon of a year by the lunar calendar). These Hanshis widely reflect the common ways of living by directly accepting the seasonal folk customs as the subject matters. Especially, close to the reality, these poems positively express the people's simple vigorous lives and create unrestrained lively image by describing the joys and sorrows of the folk existence along with their craving. Also, it is notable to have customs such as 'Shil-Ssa-Um' and 'No-gu-ban-kong-yang' as subjects for its rarity in other literatures.

• Korean Journal of Heritage: History & Science
• /
• v.42 no.2
• /
• pp.86-109
• /
• 2009

Mireuksa Temple was founded during the reign of King Mu of Baekje(AD 600-641). The circumstance of the construction of this temple is documented in "Memorabilia of the Three Kingdoms (Samgukyusa)". The pagoda named stone pagoda at Mireuksaji temple stands outside the main sanctuary of the western area. The south and west sides of the stone pagoda have completely collapsed, leaving only the eastern facade of six of its levels intact. Through the recent discovery of sarira reliquary we can see that the erection of this pagoda was in 639. So owing to accumulation of excavation results about Baekje temple site and vigorous academic exchange, it is possible that architecture of western pagoda at Mireuksaji temple can be understood in connection with the architectural development of wooden pagoda from 6th to early 7th century in East Asia. So this study is on the consideration of building of this pagoda putting first structure of upper part and cross-shaped space in 1st floor. It was considered that the material characteristics as stone could be applied to the temple pagoda architecture of large scale. The results are as follows. First, it had been built in recognition that the outer and inner part of pagoda should be separated. As it is the expression of structural system in temple pagoda architecture of large scale at that time. In pagoda there was a self-erected structure and the members of outer part of it were constructed additionally. Second, in Mireuksaji stone pagoda there is central column with stones. With inner part of pagoda it can be regarded as mixed structural system that constitutes central contral column and inner structural part. And it could be a kind of middle step to more developed structure of whole as wooden pagodas in Japan. Third, as the sarira reliquary was in central column on the first floor, the cross-shaped space could be made. The formation of this space was so on the natural meaning of sarira that the concept as memorial service of graves could be apllied to the pagoda. The style of tomb in Baekje was expressed to the space of 1st floor in pagoda where Sarira had been mstalled. That was not only effective presentation of symbolic space but also easier method in the use of same material.

• The Journal of the Petrological Society of Korea
• /
• v.27 no.4
• /
• pp.195-205
• /
• 2018

Noerok is a green pigment made of mineral used the Gachil(priming coat) of wooden architecture in Chosun Dynasty era. It has been reported that various Noerok are discovered in Janggimyeon, Pohang. In this study, The Noerok from two places is compared and discussed. Noerok in the two places has blulsh-green to green color, and it is similar to their occurrences on fracture filling, vein and dike on outcrop. However, there are differences between two sites according to its petrological feature, mineral composition and geochemistry. While the Noeseongsan sample is mostly celadonite, Gwangjeongsan samples are characterized by celadonite with varying contents of cristobalite, tridymite, feldspar, along with some vitrified contents. In terms of major elements, the amount of $Al_2O_3$, $Fe_2O_3$, MgO and $K_2O$ decreases linearly with increasing $SiO_2$, whereas $Fe_2O_3$ is linearly proportional to MgO. In summary, Noerok in the study areas can be classified into 4 types (type 1, type 2, type 3-1, type 3-2) base on color, mineral composition, elemental composition, and vitrification grade.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
• /
• v.19 no.9
• /
• pp.189-199
• /
• 2021

In order to increase the self-reliance rate of new and renewable energy in order to respond to the mandatory domestic zero-energy buildings, the taller the building, the more limited the site area, and installing PV modules on the roof is not enough. Therefore, BIPV (Building integrated photovoltaic, hereinafter BIPV) is the industry receiving the most attention as a core energy source that can realize zero-energy buildings. Therefore, this study conducted a survey on the problems of the BIPV industry in a self-discussing method for experts with more than 10 years of experience of designers, builders, product manufacturers, and maintainers in order to suggest the right direction and revitalize the BIPV industry. Industrial problems of BIPV adjustment are drawn extention range of standard and certification for products, range improvement for current small condition of various kind productions, need to revise standards for capable of accomodating roof-type, color-module and louver-module, necessary of barrier in flow of foreign modules into korea through domestic certification mandatory, difficulty in obtaining BIPV information, request to prevent confusion among participants by exact guidelime about architectural application part of BIPV, and lack of the BIPV definition clearness, support policy, etc. Based on the improvements needed for the elements, giving change and competitiveness impacts aims to present and propose counter measures and direction.

• Journal of the Architectural Institute of Korea Planning & Design
• /
• v.34 no.12
• /
• pp.65-76
• /
• 2018

Due to the rapid demographic and structural changes, Korea has faced a variety of social issues and quickly entered the aged society since the 2000s. In order deal with this reality, diverse types of welfare policies are emerging in the society as a whole. The government began to supply domestic public silver housing in 2016 to provide against the quickly growing aged society and now, the government is planning to supply approximately 50,000 housing by 2022 for quantitative growth of aged society, by selecting 1st and 2nd designated areas for the project additionally. This public retirement(silver) housing combines 'space' with 'service'. The lower floors are a public silver welfare Facilities and the upper floors are a housing spaces. This type of housing is to deal with requirements of rental housing residents by combining physical space with supporting service. Based on barrier-free design, the complex and unit house have safety handles and alarm bells in the bathroom, undulating washstands, bathroom sliding doors, corridor safety handles, and emergency safety exit lamps in each housing unit so the aged and the disabled can use easily and conveniently. Also, hand rails are installed and stepped pulleys are removed to promote convenience. Currently, the government is planning to increase the supply, focusing on low-income groups, such as beneficiaries of national basic livelihood and the working poor. Recognizing that the public retirement(silver) housing project is at its early stage, this study examined satisfaction, based on evaluations of real residents. This study aimed to obtain more empirical research data and apply them to public retirement(silver) house space analysis. For analysis, this study targeted Wirye public retirement(silver) housing and Magnolia public retirement(silver) housing that are in operation, and literature review, previous research review, and field survey were conducted to examine the present state. Using the questionnaires consisting of four large classification items; Block Layout, Housing Unit, Welfare Facilities, and Barrier-free Design, and sub-details, a survey was conducted to analyze residents' satisfaction. In conclusion, it is anticipated that this study would serve as basic research data about public retirement(silver) housing to increase continuously in future by analyzing public retirement(silver) housing spaces, on the basis of the analyzed data.

• Computational Structural Engineering
• /
• v.5 no.3
• /
• pp.37-43
• /
• 1992

세계적인 막구조물의 현황들은 그 특유의 조형성과 구조적 특성으로 인하여 사용범위가 점차적으로 증가하고 있는 실정이다. 가까운 일본에서는 막구조물의 사용이 보편화되고 있으며 독일과 같은 나라에서는 막구조물의 가설물의 개념이 아닌 항구적인 건축물로써 취급되고 있는 실정이다. 금번 우리나라에서도 대전 EXPO '93을 통하여 막구조물에 대한 관심이 점차 증가하고 있으나, 몇몇 관심있는 사람들을 제외하고는 정보를 얻을 수 있는 자료조차도 거의 찾아보기 힘든 실정이며, 이러한 구조물에 대한 이해가 상당히 부족한 것 또한 사실이다. 따라서 명진기술연구소에서는 보다 많은 사람들의 막구조물에 대한 새로운 인식을 위하여 IASS(International Association for Shell and Spatial Structures)의 서스펜션 구조 및 공기막구조의 소위원회가 발간한 규준집의 본문(규준A)을 소개하고자 한다.

• Proceedings of the Safety Management and Science Conference
• /
• 2009.11a
• /
• pp.169-176
• /
• 2009

2008년 1월과 12월의 경기도 이천시에서의 창고화재는 재산상의 피해보다도 방재대책이 허술함과 인명피해에 대하여 사회적인 문제가 제기되었으나 건축자재, 입고 화물이외에 화재하중 등을 가중시키는 플라스틱 파렛트에 대한 거론은 없었다. 그러나 일본의 소방청 소방연구소에서는 1995년의 자동화창고의 전소화재시 화재조사를 실시한 후 방재대책으로서 플라스틱 파렛트의 화재하중 경감, 발연량 및 유해가스감축을 위한 후속대책으로 난연 파렛트에 대한 연구를 수행하였다. 그 결과 수산화마그네슘 또는 적린과 수산화마그네슘을 난연제로 사용한 플라스틱 파렛트 난연화에 성공하였다. 본고에서는 시험시설 등의 연구환경의 한계로 일본의 연구사례를 조사하고 우리나라의 난연 플라스틱 파렛트 도입방안에 대해 살펴보기로 한다.

• 기계와재료
• /
• v.23 no.4
• /
• pp.36-44
• /
• 2011

생체모방 경량 나노복합 에코소재기술은 자연계에 존재하는 물질의 구조를 모방하여 저온 저에너지 소모공정을 통하여 고경량 및 고강도를 갖는 나노복합체를 제조하는 친환경 신소재 기술이다. 고효율 저공해 성능에 초점을 맞추어 $CO_2$ 배출 및 지구온난화를 억제하고 웰빙사회에 적합한 차량을 개발하는 것이 현재 전세계 자동차회사들의 주된 관심사이다. 이러한 상황에 생체모방기술은 에너지 환경산업분야의 소재로 응용하는 원천기술로 기대된다. 이 생체모방기술은 자연 친화적 재료를 개발하여 하이브리드/전기 자동차의 내/외장재, 고효율 건축자재, 첨단 항공우주 신소재에도 응용이 가능하다. 최근에 보고된 생체모방 경량 나노 복합 에코소재 기술을 조사하였다.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
• /
• 2016.05a
• /
• pp.309-314
• /
• 2016

본 연구에서는 확률강우량 산정을 위한 빈도해석 시 보다 타당하고, 신뢰도 높은 강우자료를 선정하여 수공구조물 설계 및 재난방재계획에 합리적인 기준을 제시하고자 이상치 적용에 따른 확률강우량을 산정 비교하였다. 이상치검정의 비교를 위하여 Grubbs and Beck 방법과 미국 수자원평의회 방법을 적용하였으며, 적용결과에 따라 강우자료를 조정하여 확률강우량을 산정 비교하여 타당성을 검토하였다. 본 연구의 수행으로 이상치검정에 따라 강우자료 년수에 변화가 있었으며, 기존의 방법과 확률강우량을 비교하였을 때, 증감이 나타났다.