• Journal of the Korean Arthroscopy Society
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.156-160
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• 2002

Purpose : To evaluate the results and usefulness of meniscal repair using meniscal arrows with ACL reconstruction. Material and Methods : Among cases of the simultaneous meniscal arrow fixation and ACL recontruction performed between May, 1997 and September, 2000, 17 cases could be evaluated. The average follow-up were 18.5 months. Twelve cases were medial meniscus, 5 cases, lateral meniscus. All cases were longitudinal tear. Meniscal tear were seen at red-red zone in 13 cases, red-white zone in 5 cases. The results were analyzed by pain, joint line tenderness, locking, McMurray test, the Marshall knee scoring scale and complications. Results : Postoperatively two patients had mild joint line tenderness without pain on joint motion or weight bearing. No patient had locking or positive McMurray test. At last follow-up, 15 cases $(88\%)$ were 'excellent' or 'good' according to the Marshall knee score scale. There were two complications which are soft tissue irritation sign on active knee motion and a femoral chondral injury due to protruded T-shaped head of meniscus arrow. Conclusion : Meniscus arrow can be one of the options in repairing the associated meniscus tear, especially the posterior horn of medial meniscus, during ACL reconstruction. However, surgeons using meniscus arrow should be aware of its potential complications such as pain due to soft tissue irritation and chondral damage of the femoral condyle.

• Journal of the Korean Arthroscopy Society
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.1-8
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• 2004

Purpose: This study examined clinical cure and patients' satisfaction degrees by factors influencing surgical operation results, after arthroscopic inside to out repair as a nonabsorbable suture material, in case of meniscal rupture. Materials and Methods: Materials were 110 cases of 95 patients who could make paces for over 12 months from August 1999 to June 2002. Results were evaluated by clinical cure and subjective satisfaction degrees. This study, concerning those results, analyzed age, term from taking pictures to taking surgical operation, rupture section, rupture length, rupture types, lesion of articular-cartilage, and effects of anterior cruciate ligament operation accompanied. Results: 84 cases(76%) were clinically cured, 98 cases(89%) were subjectively satisfied. In case of accompanying anterior cruciate ligament rupture, and in case that rupture length was below 2 cm, rates of clinical cure and patients subjective satisfaction were significantly high. In case of complex or degenerative rupture, patients satisfaction rates were higher when comparing with clinical cure rates. Conclusion: Various sutures are possible as well as available in case of arthroscopic meniscal inside to out repair using nonabsorbable suture material. It can be concluded that patients age is not absolte consideration in determining the suture of meniscus. In cases of complex rupture, degenerative rupture, ruptures companied by joint-cartilage injuries, considerate consideratin need be paid to choose patients and operations.

• The Journal of Korean Academy of Prosthodontics
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• v.56 no.2
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• pp.114-119
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• 2018

Purpose: Patients who treated implant immediate loading within a week after implant placement at Wonkwang University Dental Hospital Implant Center were evaluated marginal bone resorption. These retrospective analyses are intended to reinforce the clinical evidence for the implant immediate loading. Materials and methods: Medical history and radiographic data were investigated, which were the patients' who treated implant immediate loading and restoration with provisional prostheses between January 2005 and June 2016, at Wonkwang University Dental Hospital Implant Center. Total number of implants was 70, marginal bone resorption was measured according to implant length, diameter and connection type. To measure marginal bone resorption, periapical radiographs were taken when the implants were placed and after 6 month. Statistical analysis was done in Mann-whitney U test and Kruskal-wallis test with SPSS 22.0 software (P<.05). Results: Mean marginal bone resorption around immediately loaded implants according to implant connection type was shown $1.24{\pm}0.72mm$ in internal hexagon connection type and $1.73{\pm}1.27mm$ in external hexagon connection type. There was no statically significant difference in marginal bone resorption with implant length and diameter. Conclusion: Implants with immediated loading in internal hexagon connection type showed less marginal bone resorption significantly than in external hexagon connection type.

• Journal of the Korean Arthroscopy Society
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.9-16
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• 2012

Purpose: Tibial plateau fractures cause a variety of problems in the knee joint. The purpose of this study was to investigate the characteristics of the meniscus injuries in tibial plateau fracture arthroscopically. Materials and Methods: Thirty-three out of 39 consecutive patients diagnosed with tibial plateau fractures underwent arthroscopy between March 2007 and March 2010. According to Schatzker classification, there were 1 type I (3.3%), 19 type II (53.3%), 4 type III (13.3%), 2 type IV (6.6%), 2 type V (6.6%) and 5 type VI (20%) fracture patterns in 33 patients. Results: Twenty-five cases (75.8%) had lateral meniscus tears. There were 18 meniscal tears in 19 cases of Schatzker type II fractures (94.7%), 3 meniscal tears out of 4 cases of Schatzker type III fractures (75%) and 4 meniscal tears out of 5 cases of Schatzker type VI fractures (80%). The most commonly affected site (22/25) was the anterior horn of the lateral meniscus. Of the 25 documented meniscal tears, all but one were vertical longitudinal tear at meniscocapsular junction so most cases are amenable to arthroscopic repair. Conclusion: Arthroscopy for the meniscal injuries in tibial plateau fractures is a valuable diagnostic and treatment tool, we recommend arthroscopy in tibial plateau fracture.

• The korean journal of orthodontics
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• v.34 no.2 s.103
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• pp.143-152
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• 2004

It has not been elucidated whether the initiation of condylar development of the mandible is related with the periosteum of the mandible, or if it derives from a separate programmed blastema not related with the mandible. Also, although the mandibular condylar cartilage is known to promote growth, few studies have dealt with molecular-biologic mechanisms such as the expression of specific genes according to the differentiation of the mandibular condyle. To elucidate the unique cellular characteristics, development, and differentiation process of the mandibular condyle, an examination of expressions of genes characteristic of cartilage and bone were carried out using RT-PCR and mRNA in situ hybridization. 1. Type? collagen mRNA was detected with type II collagen mRNA in the differentiation and growth process of the cartilage of the mandibular condyle. TypeII collagen mRNA was demonstrated in the whole resting md upper part of the poliferative zone, whereas type II collagen mRNA was observed in the resting, proliferative and upper hypertrophic cartilage zone of the mandibular condyle. 2. The condylar cartilage rapidly increased in size due to the accumulation of hypertrophic chondrocytes as characterized by the expression of type II collagen mRNA during postnatal development. 3. BMP-4 mRNA was present in the anlage of the future condylar process and also in the ossifying mandibular body. 4. IHH mRNA was limited exclusively to the lower part of the proliferative zone and the upper part of the hypertrophic cartilage zone during condylar development. These findings were different from those in the growth-plate cartilage of the long bone, indicating a characteristic feature of the differentiation of the chondrocytes in the condylar cartilage present in prenatal and postnatal development. Furthermore, it was also suggested that chondroblasts of condylar cartilage rapidly differentiate into hypertrophic chondrocytes with increased functional Load force such as muscle activity and mastication.

• The Journal of the Korean bone and joint tumor society
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.52-56
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• 2006

There are some malignant changes in multiple osteochondroma to chondrosarcoma, but secondary chondrosarcomas rarely develop in 1~2% of patients with solitary osteochondromas. Chondrosarcomas of the bones of hands and feet are rare, in comparison with their occurrence at other sites. The calcaneus was most commonly involved in the feet, but malignant transformation of solitary osteochondroma of the calcaneum to chondrosarcoma is extremely rare. We report one case of solitary calcaneal mass that grows slowly without pain from 6 years ago. He was 38 aged old man and surgical excision of the mass revealed chondrosarcoma arising from osteochondroma of the calcaneum.

• The Journal of the Korean bone and joint tumor society
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.62-67
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• 2008

Malignant degeneration of fibrous dysplasia is rare and involves transformation into osteosarcoma, fibrosarcoma and chondrosarcoma. The most frequent sites involved in malignant transformation were craniofacial bones, proximal femur, humerus, pelvis, tibia and scapula in a decreasing order of frequency. An 41-year-old man with a history of polyostotic fibrous dysplasia presented with increasing left arm pain. Plain radiograph showed expansile destructive lesion along the humeral shaft. As initial biopsy report was low grade chondrosarcoma, he underwent marginal resection. However, he developed local recurrence 7 month later and subsequent pathologic finding was chondroblastic osteosarcoma. We report one case of secondary chondroblastic osteosarcoma from polyostotic fibrous dysplasia initially misdiagnosed as low grade chondrosarcoma that caused fallacy in treatment strategy.

• Journal of the Korean Arthroscopy Society
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.76-78
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• 2013

The meniscus is considered "extruded" when it extends beyond the tibial margins more than 3 mm in a coronal view of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). However, identifying the meniscal extrusion intraoperatively may be difficult because of the simple fact that most of the arthroscopic procedures are done in knee flexion position while follow up MRI studies area taken at knee extension position. Here, we demonstrate the arthroscopic technique for evaluating the meniscal extrusion.

• Journal of the Korean Arthroscopy Society
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.175-179
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• 2012

Synovial chondromatosis developes by metaplasia of synovial cell into chondroblast in synovium of joint. It most commonly involves large joints such as knee or hip, and rarely occurs in shoulder joint. It is often difficult to be diagnosed preoperatively and surgical synovectomy is known to be effective treatment. We encountered a case of synovial chondromatosis with hyaline cartilage forming loose body in subacromial and subdeltoid synovium on the shoulder of a 44-year old female suffered by pain and discomfort. The authors report this case with a review of the relevant literature.

• Development and Reproduction
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.99-111
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• 2011

The present experiment was performed to evaluate the chondrogenic differentiation potential of human adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ATMSCs) in the chondrogenic induction medium (CIM) with transforming growth factor-${\beta}1$ (TGF-${\beta}1$) and to evaluate the chondrogenic differentiation of ATMSCs seeded in gelatin-chondroitinglucosamine scaffold (GCG-scaffold). ATMSCs and mouse chondrocytes were cultured in the basic medium and CIM without TGF-${\beta}1$ (CIM1) or with TGF-${\beta}1$ (CIM2) for chondrogenic differentiation potential. The chondrogenic differentiation of ATMSCs was evaluated by glycosaminoglycan (GAG) synthesis and histochemical staining. In pellet culture, GAG synthesis of ATMSCs and chondrocyte was increased in culture on 14 days, but higher in CIM1 than basic medium, especially highest in CIM2. Cartilage matrix was observed in ATMSCs cultured in CIM2 on 14 days by Safranin O and trichrome staining. In well plate culture, proliferation of ATMSCs was continuously increased in culture on 10 days and higher in CIM than basic medium. The cell adhesion rate of ATMSCs seeded in flask or scaffolds was continuously increased during culture period, but higher in scaffold than flask. GAG synthesis of ATMSCs seeded in scaffolds showed no change in control group. In the CIM groups, GAG synthesis of ATMSCs was continuously increased than control group during culture period, especially very high in CIM2 and in the GCG-scaffold was slightly higher than the gelatin scaffold (G-scaffold). The present results demonstrated that ATMSCs showed an low chondrogenic differentiation potential, compared to mouse chondrocytes for 14 days of culture. TGF-${\beta}1$ is important factor in chondrogenic differentiation of ATMSCs. Gelatin scaffold was considered to increasing the effective chondrogenic differentiation environment. ATMSCs seeded in GCG-scaffold was more effective in chondrogenesis than in G-scaffold. Conclusively, the present results demonstrated that the treatment of chondroitin and glucosamine in the scaffold was more effective to promote the cartilage matrix formation.