• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea TC
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• v.47 no.10
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• pp.17-26
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• 2010

This is concerned with the technology to monitor the vehicle operation, failure and disorder by using WiBro portable device. More precisely, the technology makes it possible that the information collection device is connected to both ECU(Electronic Control Unit) which is the device for controlling engine, transmission, brake, air-bag, etc that are connected to in-vehicle network and OBD-II connector that is for data collection from various sensors. In addition, with a WiBro portable device (cell phone, PDA, PMP, UMPC, etc). equipped with a vehicle diagnostic programs, information for operation, failure and malfunction can be obtained and analyzed in real-time, and alarm is alerted when the vehicle is in abnormal status, which makes the early reactions to the status. Furthermore, the collected data can be sent through WiBro network to the server managed by the company specialized in managing the vehicles, thus the technology could help the drivers who have less knowledge about their auto-vehicles have safe and economic driving. There is always a possibility of malfunction due to various types of noise that are caused by wring-harness when the device is wired-connected. In this research, in order to overcome this problem, we propose a system configuration that can do monitoring and diagnosis with a device for collecting data from vehicle and a personal WiBro device. Also, we performed research on data acquisition and interlock for the system defined by the definition for information and data sharing platform.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.159-164
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• 2016

This paper reports the load factor logic design for a fly-by-wire helicopter flight envelope protection. As a helicopter is very complex system with a rotor, fuselage, engine, etc., there are many constraints on the flight region. Because of these constraints, pilots should consider them carefully and have a heavy workload, which causes controllability degradation. In this respect, automatic logic is needed to free the pilot from these considerations. As one of these logics, the flight envelope protection logic for the load factor of a FBW helicopter was designed. The flight to exceed the load factor is caused by an abrupt pitch cyclic stick change. In this scheme, the load factor limit logic was added between the pilot stick command block and pitch attitude command block. From the current load value, the available attitude range was calculated dynamically and simulated on the helicopter simulator model to verify the performance. A comparison of the simulation results at the hovering and forward speed region with and without applying the load limiting logic showed that the load factor limit was exceeded more than 20% when the logic was not applied, whereas with the load factor limit logic the load factor was within the limit. In conclusion, a dynamically allocated limitation logic to helicopter FBW controller was verified by simulation.

• Cartoon and Animation Studies
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• s.47
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• pp.1-29
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• 2017

360-degree virtual reality has been a technology that has been available for a long time and has been actively promoted worldwide in recent years due to development of devices such as HMD (Head Mounted Display) and development of hardware for controlling and executing images of virtual reality. The production of the 360 degree VR requires a different mode of production than the traditional video production, and the matters to be considered for the user have begun to appear. Since the virtual reality image is aimed at a platform that requires enthusiasm, presence and interaction, it is necessary to have a suitable cinematography. In VR, users can freely enjoy the world created by the director and have the advantage of being able to concentrate on his interests during playing the image. However, the director had to develope and install the device what the observer could concentrate on the narrative progression and images to be delivered. Among the various methods of transmitting images, the director can use the composition of the short. In this paper, we will study how to effectively apply the technique of directing through the composition of this shot to 360 degrees virtual reality. Currently, there are no killer contents that are still dominant in the world, including inside and outside the country. In this situation, the potential of virtual reality is recognized and various images are produced. So the way of production follows the traditional image production method, and the shot composition is the same. However, in the 360 degree virtual reality, the use of the long take or blocking technique of the conventional third person view point is used as the main production configuration, and the limit of the short configuration is felt. In addition, while the viewer can interactively view the 360-degree screen using the HMD tracking, the configuration of the shot and the connection of the shot are absolutely dependent on the director like the existing cinematography. In this study, I tried to study whether the viewer can freely change the cinematography such as the composition of the shot at a user's desired time using the feature of interaction of the VR image. To do this, 3D animation was created using a game tool called Unreal Engine to construct an interactive image. Using visual scripting of Unreal Engine called blueprint, we create a device that distinguishes the true and false condition of a condition with a trigger node, which makes a variety of shorts. Through this, various direction techniques are developed and related research is expected, and it is expected to help the development of 360 degree VR image.

• IEMEK Journal of Embedded Systems and Applications
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.247-258
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• 2017

Since 2016 when the regulations related to vehicle structure and device modification were drastically revised, the car tuning market has been growing rapidly. Particularly, many drivers are showing interest in changing the interior and exterior according to their preference, or improving the specifications of their cars by changing the engine and powertrain, among others. Also, as the initial engine settings such as horse power and torque of the vehicle are made for stable driving of the vehicle, it is possible to change the engine performance, via Engine Control Unit (ECU) mapping, to the driver's preference. However, traditionally, ECU mapping could be only performed by professional car engineers and the settings were also decided by them. Therefore, this study proposed a system that collects data related to the driver's driving habits for a certain period and sends them to a cloud server in order to analyze them and recommend ECU mapping values. The traditional mapping method only aimed to improve the car's performance and, therefore, if the changes were not compatible with the driver's driving habits, could cause problems such as incomplete combustion or low fuel efficiency. However, the proposed system allows drivers to set legally permitted ECU mapping based on analysis of their driving habits, and, therefore, different drivers can set it differently according to the vehicle specifications and driving habits. As a result, the system can optimize the car performance by improving output, fuel efficiency, etc. within the range that is legally permitted.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.25 no.8
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• pp.111-117
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• 2020

Recently, with the high interest of machine learning, the need for educational controllers to interface with physical devices has increased. However, existing controllers are limited in terms of high cost and area of utilization for educational purposes. In this paper, motion control controllers using brain waves are proposed for the purpose of students' machine learning applications. The brain motion that occurs when imagining a specific action is measured and sampled, then the sample values were learned through Tensor Flow and the motion was recognized in contents such as games. Movement variation for motion recognition consists of directionality and jump motion. The identification of the recognition behavior is sent to a game produced by an Unreal Engine to operate the character in the game. In addition to brain waves, the implemented controller can be used in various fields depending on the input signal and can be used for educational purposes such as machine learning applications.

• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.191-196
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• 2022

Unlike an international combustion engine car, a battery-powered electric vehicle requires an additional heat source for its heating system. A high-voltage coolant heater has the advantages of high efficiency and a wide operating temperature range. In its development, the geometry design of the coolant flow path is essential. This paper presents the thermal flow simulations of a 7kW high-voltage heater with symmetric serpentine flow channels arranged parallelly. The heater performance was evaluated from the simulation results in terms of the pressure and temperature differences and the flow uniformity. The proposed design showed a greater flow resistance and similar heat exchanging capability than the existing parallel serpentine design. It has the advantage of a relatively wide low-temperature surface area, where the control circuit board susceptible to high temperatures can be located.

• Prospectives of Industrial Chemistry
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• v.22 no.5
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• pp.1-13
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• 2019

국제해사기구(IMO, international maritime organization)는 2015년부터 배출규제해역(ECA, emission control area)을 운항하는 선박은 황 함유량이 0.1%(m/m) 이하로 강화된 기준을 만족하는 연료를 사용해야 하며, 2020년부터는 모든 선박에 대해 황 함유량이 0.5%(m/m) 이하인 연료를 사용하거나 동등 이상의 성능을 갖는 배출가스 후처리 장치의 설치를 의무화하였다. 이에 따라, 선박에서 배출되는 오염물질을 제어할 수 있는 다양한 기술이 개발되고 있으며, 후처리 관점에서 습식 스크러버(wet scrubber)는 선박의 디젤 엔진에서 배출되는 이산화황(sulfur dioxide)을 저감시키기 위한 가장 적합한 해결책으로 알려져 있다. 습식 스크러버는 해수를 사용하는 개방형 스크러버(open loop scrubber)와 화학세정수를 사용하는 폐쇄형 스크러버(closed loop scrubber)로 구분된다. 습식 스크러버는 오염물질의 효율적인 처리가 가능하지만 유지보수비가 비싸고, 폐수 발생으로 인한 2차 오염발생 및 부식에 매우 취약한 단점이 있다. 따라서 최근에는 스크러버 내부의 부식을 방지하기 위한 내부식성 재질에 관한 연구와 흡수제(absorbent)의 고도화 연구가 활발히 진행되고 있다. 또한, 하이브리드형 스크러버(hybrid scrubber)는 개방형과 폐쇄형 스크러버의 장점을 결합한 기술로 황산화물의 배출을 규제하는 배출규제해역에서는 폐쇄형 스크러버를 가동하고, 선박이 공해상으로 진입할 경우 개방형 스크러버로 전환함에 따라 황산화물 배출 및 반응 후 세척수의 폐수배출 기준을 동시에 만족할 수 있다.

• Smart Media Journal
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• v.6 no.4
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• pp.58-64
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• 2017

Modern society is characterized by rapid increase in world population, aging of the rural population, decrease of cultivation area due to industrialization. The food problem is becoming an important issue with the farmers and becomes rural. Recently, the researches about the field of the smart farm are actively carried out to increase the profit of the rural area. The existing smart farm researches mainly monitor the cultivation environment of the crops in the greenhouse, another way like in the case of poor quality t is being studied that the system to control cultivation environmental factors is automatically activated to keep the cultivation environment of crops in optimum conditions. The researches focus on the crops cultivated indoors, and there are not many studies applied to the cultivation environment of crops grown outside. In this paper, we propose a method to improve the harvestability of poor areas by monitoring the areas with bad harvests by using big data analysis, by precisely predicting the harvest timing of fruit trees growing in orchards. Factors besides for harvesting include fruit color information and fruit weight information We suggest that a harvest correlation factor data collected in real time. It is analyzed using the Apache Spark engine. The Apache Spark engine has excellent performance in real-time data analysis as well as high capacity batch data analysis. User device receiving service supports PC user and smartphone users. A sensing data receiving device purpose Arduino, because it requires only simple processing to receive a sensed data and transmit it to the server. It regulates a harvest time of fruit which produces a good quality fruit, it is needful to determine a poor harvest area or concentrate a bad area. In this paper, we also present an architectural model to determine the bad areas of fruit harvest using strong data analysis.

• Journal of Advanced Marine Engineering and Technology
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• v.39 no.9
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• pp.911-917
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• 2015

The objective of this work focuses on the analysis of injection rate and macroscopic spray behavior characteristics with injection pressures as well as combustion and exhaust emission characteristics with injection timing and injection pressure by using a common rail single-cylinder diesel engine. The injection rate was measured by applying the Bosch method, and macroscopic spray behavior characteristics were analyzed with a constant-volume vessel and a high-speed camera. In addition, combustion and emission characteristics were analyzed in a common-rail single-cylinder diesel engine with precise control of fuel injection timing and pressure. For injection pressures of 30MPa and 50MPa, the injection rate was higher at 50 MPa, and the spray development (penetration) was also higher in the same elapsed time. The peak in-cylinder pressure and rate of heat release showed a tendency to decline as injection timing was delayed, and the peak in-cylinder pressure and rate of heat release were slightly higher for higher injection pressures. Higher injection pressures also reduced the mean effective pressure, while the indicated mean effective pressure and torque increased as injection timing was delayed to TDC. Nitrogen oxides had a peak level at injection timings of $BTDC20^{\circ}$(30MPa) and $BTDC15^{\circ}$(50MPa); carbon monoxide emissions were reduced by delaying injection timing from $BTDC30^{\circ}$.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Agricultural Machinery Conference
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• 2017.04a
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• pp.171-171
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• 2017

전산유체역학(CFD: Computational Fluid Dynamics)를 이용한 스마트팜 환경 내부의 정밀 제어 연구가 진행 중이다. 시계열 데이터의 난해한 동적 해석을 극복하기위해, 비선형 모델링 기법의 일종인 인공신경망을 이용하는 방안을 고려하였다. 선행 연구를 통하여 환경 데이터의 비선형 모델링을 위한 Tensorflow활용 방법이 하드웨어 가속 기능을 바탕으로 월등한 성능을 보임을 확인하였다. 그럼에도 오프라인 일괄(Offline batch)처리 방식의 한계가 있는 인공신경망 모델링 기법과 현장 보급이 불가능한 고성능 하드웨어 연산 장치에 대한 대안 마련이 필요하다고 판단되었다. CFD 해석을 위한 Solver로 SU2(http://su2.stanford.edu)를 이용하였다. 운영 체제 및 컴파일러는 1) Mac OS X Sierra 10.12.2 Apple LLVM version 8.0.0 (clang-800.0.38), 2) Windows 10 x64: Intel C++ Compiler version 16.0, update 2, 3) Linux (Ubuntu 16.04 x64): g++ 5.4.0, 4) Clustered Linux (Ubuntu 16.04 x32): MPICC 3.3.a2를 선정하였다. 4번째 개발환경인 병렬 시스템의 경우 하드웨어 가속는 OpenCL(https://www.khronos.org/opencl/) 엔진을 이용하고 저전력 ARM 프로세서의 일종인 옥타코어 Samsung Exynos5422 칩을 장착한 ODROID-XU4(Hardkernel, AnYang, Korea) SBC(Single Board Computer)를 32식 병렬 구성하였다. 분산 컴퓨팅을 위한 환경은 Gbit 로컬 네트워크 기반 NFS(Network File System)과 MPICH(http://www.mpich.org/)로 구성하였다. 공간 분해능을 계측 주기보다 작게 분할할 경우 발생하는 미지의 바운더리 정보를 정의하기 위하여 3차원 Kriging Spatial Interpolation Method를 실험적으로 적용하였다. 한편 병렬 시스템 구성이 불가능한 1,2,3번 환경의 경우 내부적으로 이미 존재하는 멀티코어를 활용하고자 OpenMP(http://www.openmp.org/) 라이브러리를 활용하였다. 64비트 병렬 8코어로 동작하는 1,2,3번 운영환경의 경우 32비트 병렬 128코어로 동작하는 환경에 비하여 근소하게 2배 내외로 연산 속도가 빨랐다. 실시간 CFD 수행을 위한 분산 컴퓨팅 기술이 프로세서의 속도 및 운영체제의 정보 분배 능력에 따라 결정된다고 판단할 수 있었다. 이를 검증하기 위하여 4번 개발환경에서 운영체제를 64비트로 개선하여 5번째 환경을 구성하여 검증하였다. 상반되는 결과로 64비트 72코어로 동작하는 분산 컴퓨팅 환경에서 단일 프로세서 기반 멀티 코어(1,2,3번) 환경보다 보다 2.5배 내외 연산속도 향상이 있었다. ARM 프로세서용 64비트 운영체제의 완성도가 낮은 시점에서 추후 성공적인 실시간 CFD 모델링을 위한 지속적인 검토가 필요하다.