• Horticultural Science & Technology
• /
• v.17 no.2
• /
• pp.123-126
• /
• 1999

Effects of garlic juice (GJ), ethanol- (GJAE) and ethyl ether extract of garlic juice (GJEE), onion juice (OJ) and ethanol extract of onion juice (OJAE), garlic juice+Merit Blue (GJ+MB), ethanol extract of garlic juice+Merit Blue (GJAE+MB), onion juice+Merit Blue (OJ+MB), ethanol extract of onion juice+Merit Blue (OJAE+MB), and Merit Blue (MB) on budbreak, flowering, and maturity of plastic house-grown 'Daebong' grapes (Vitis labruscana B.) were studied. MB alone and in combination with other formulae hastened the budbreak, and double application was more effective than single one. Most of the buds sprouted in early forcing, but percent budbreak in late forcing was very poor except for MB application. In early forcing, single application of MB in combination with other formulae was most effective for hastening flowering while the response to double application was not consistent, and even delayed the flowering except for OJAE, MB, and OJ+MB. In late forcing, single application of all dormancy-breaking agents, especially MB in combination with other formulae, hastened the flowering while flowering response to double application was inconsistent, and even delayed the flowering except for OJAE+MB and OJ. Although there were no significant differences in harvest date among treatments and the number of application in early forcing, single and double application of MB alone and in combination with other formulae, especially double application of OJAE+MB hastened the harvest date for 12 days in late forcing culture.

• Food Science and Preservation
• /
• v.7 no.4
• /
• pp.409-413
• /
• 2000

Previously, the methanolic extracts of thirty Korean medicinal plant seeds were screened for tyrosinase inhibitors using a rapid and simple TLC method, which was superior to a conventional spectrophotometrical in vitro assay. As a result, the methanolic extracts of Thuja orientalis seeds was found to have strong tyrosinase inhibitory activity. To isolate active tyrosinase inhibitors, the seeds were defatted with n-hexane under reflux, and then extracted twice with methanol under reflux at 90$^{\circ}C$. The methanolic extract was evaporated to a small volumn in vacuo, and then successively fractionated with ether, ethyl acetate and n-butanol. The ether extract showing significant tyrosinase inhibitory activity was solubilized with 5% NaHCO$_3$and then acidified with 6N HCI. The ether souble acidic fraction was successively ohromatographed on silica gel, Sephadex LH-20 and preparative TLC. Among four compounds isolated, two of them showed stronger tyrosinase inhibitory activity, comparable to that of L-ascorbic acid (IC$\sub$50/=28$\mu\textrm{g}$/$m\ell$). These results suggest that Thuja orientalis seeds may be useful as potential sources of antibrowning agents in fruits and vegetables, and anti-melanoma agents in cosmetics and phamaceuticals.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
• /
• v.24 no.1
• /
• pp.87-94
• /
• 1996

한국산 동백나무겨우살이(Pseudixus japonicus) 추출물의 암치료를 위한 생약으로서 활성 유효성을 검증하기 위하여 메탄올, 석유에테르, 클로로포름, 초산 에틸 용매로 순차적으로 추출하여 겨우살이 추출물의 다섯 가지 분획을 얻어, 이에 대하여 in vitro로 1차와 2차 검색 시스템을 사용해 항암활성 성분을 체계적으로 검색하였다. 다섯 가지 분획 중 클로로포름 가용성 분획이 1차 검색 세포인 $P388D_1$에 대해 가장 높은 항암활성을 나타내어 MSB1, NIH/3T3, SNU-1, SNU-C2A 등 2차 검색 시스템에 대해 클로로포름 가용성 분획의 항암활성을 다양한 농도하에서 비교 검색하였다. 혈액암 세포중 특히 $P388D_1$의 생장이 클로로포름 추출물에 의해 강하게 저해되었으며, 형질전환된 생쥐의 태아 섬유아세포와 사람의 대장암, 위암세포들도 어느 정도의 생육저해를 나타내었다. 이 클로로포름 가용성 분획의 주성분은 원소분석, 발색시약과의 반응, IR, GC-MS, $^{13}C$-NMR의 스펙트럼의 결과로 세 종류의 알칼로이드 화합물로 확인되었고, 부성분으로는 지방산 메틸 에스테르와 프탈라이드 화합물이 MS 스펙트럼을 통해 동정되었다.

• Korean Journal of Weed Science
• /
• v.17 no.4
• /
• pp.407-412
• /
• 1997

Allelopathic activity of methanol extract from medicinal plants was determined based on the inhibition of germination, shoot and root length of Echinochloa crus-galli. The response was depended on the source of extracts and concentrations. Of the 20 test plants tested, Cnidium officinale showed most inhibition according to germination, shoot and root length of E. crus-galli. Based on the plant parts, the root extract of C. officinale had more inhibitory effect on E. crus-galli than the stem+leaf extract. Phytotoxic effects of the root extract on E. crus-galli showed 75% inhibition of seed germination, 95% inhibition of shoot growth, and 100% inhibition of root growth at the concentration of 1g/petridish. Sequential partitioning of root extract with organic solvents with increasing polarity showed that the ethylacetate fraction had the greatest inhibitory effect on E. crus-galli. Germination was not inhibited at any rate of ethylacetate fraction but shoot and root growth, were significantly inhibited even at 2mg/petridish. This indicates that the most toxic phytotoxin present in the root extract may be moderate polar compound.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
• /
• v.30 no.1
• /
• pp.213-217
• /
• 1998

This study was performed to observe cytotoxic effect of the pine needle extracts against cancer cell lines including human gastric carcinoma (KATOIII), human lung carcinoma (A549), human hepatocellular carcinoma (Hep3B) and human breast adenocarcinoma (MCF-7) using MTT (3-[4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide) and SRB (sulforhodamine B) method. The extracts were prepared by step-wise fractionation of ethanol extract of pine needles using diethylether, chloroform, ethylacetate, butanol and water. The growth of the cancer cells in medium containing pine needle extracts were significantly inhibited degree in proportion to the increase of the extract concentration. A significant shrinkage of Hep3B cells was observed when the cells were exposed into 0.5, 1 mg/mL of pinus rigida extract.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
• /
• v.34 no.3
• /
• pp.64-72
• /
• 2006

Two compounds were isolated from the diethylether and ethyl acetate fraction of hot water extracts by TLC and column chromatography as dyeing components. The isolated compounds were characterized as H-dibenzoquinoline-2,10-diol,5,6,6a,7-tetrahydro-1,9-dimethoxy-6-methyl (compoundI) and lyoniresinol (compoundII) by NMR and Mass spectrophotometry. To investigate if the isolated compounds are involved in the dyeing process, HPLC analysis was used. The retention time of the components from dye used in the study and the dye decolorized from the dyed substrate, silk by ethyl acetate were compared to conform the identity of those compounds. The retention time of the components from the dye and decolorized solution were identical. As a results, those two compounds were considered as dye bound to the silk.

• Microbiology and Biotechnology Letters
• /
• v.26 no.4
• /
• pp.331-337
• /
• 1998

The biological activities of both ethanol and water extracts from the fruiting body of E. applanata and E. applanata mycelium and the three fractions of ethanol extracts from E. applanata were compared. 91% of MCF7 cell growth was inhibited by adding 0.5 g/l of water extracts of E. applanata and 81% of MCF7 cell growth was inhibited by adding 0.5 g/l of diethyl ether and chloroform fractions. It was also showed that above 60% of Hep3B cell growth was inhibited by adding all samples including the fractions. The ethanol extracts of E. applanata mycelium showed 33.3% of cytotoxicity on normal liver cell, WRL68 in adding 0.5 g/l of the samples and 40% in adding 0.5 g/l of chloroform fractions. The result of anti-mutagenicity of all extracts and fractions including ethanol extracts of Phelinus linteus were showed that diethyl ether fractions were most effective than any other samples. Hypoglycemic activities of diethyl ether and chloroform fractions were the most effective which scores were above 75%. The enhancement of glutathione-S-transferase activity was increased above 2.3 times by adding 1.0 g/l ethanol extracts of E. applanata and diethyl ether, chloroform fractions. It can be concluded that both biological activities of the fruiting body and mycelium of E. applanata were almost equivalent.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
• /
• v.36 no.9
• /
• pp.1099-1105
• /
• 2007

The present study describes the preliminary evaluation of the anticancer activity of Styela plicata. Freeze-dried S. plicata was extracted with methanol, ethanol, acetone, and water, and then anticancer effect of the extracts was measured by the MTT reduction assay and phase-contrast microscopy on the HT-29 human colon carcinoma cells. Among the extracts, acetone extract showed the highest anticancer activity. The cell proliferation rates markedly decreased by 94.0% at the concentration of 500 ${\mu}g/mL$ of acetone extract compared with control cells. The acetone extract was further fractionated with hexane, diethyl ether, ethyl acetate, and water layer according to the degree of polarity. The HT-29 cells with hexane layer extract (250 ${\mu}g/mL$) decreased the cell viability to 5.1% of untreated control. The growth of SW620, HeLa, and MCF-7 cells was decreased to about 10%, by the treatment of hexane layer extract 250 ${\mu}g/mL$. Theses results suggest extracts from S. plicata as possible natural cancer therapeutic material.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
• /
• v.27 no.5
• /
• pp.635-639
• /
• 1995

The effective extraction of antioxidative substances from soybean was investigated by using various solvents, such as water, ethanol, methanol, acetone, chloroform, benzene, ethyl acetate, ether, dichloromethane, and hexane. Extraction was performed by cold method at $30^{\circ}C$ and by reflux method at $85^{\circ}C$. The antioxidative effect of the extracts was determined by peroxide value during the oxidation of soybean oil containing the extracts at $105^{\circ}C$ for 10 hours, and also by TBARS(thiobarbituric acid reactive substances) formed during the peroxidation of egg lecithin liposomes. The antioxidant activity of the extracts from raw soybean was higher than that from defatted soybean. The antioxidant activity of the extracts by reflux method was higher than that by cold method. The methanol extract from defatted and roasted soybean(DRS) showed the highest antioxidative effect against oxidation of soybean oil, while the water extract from DRS in egg lecithin liposomes. In the peroxidation of egg lecithin liposomes, the antioxidative effect of polar solvents extracts were higher than those by nonpolar solvents extracts.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
• /
• v.34 no.2
• /
• pp.148-157
• /
• 2005

This study was investigated to determine antimicrobial activity of the water and ethanol extracts of Korean wild green tea, semi-fermented tea, and fermented tea. Antimicrobial activity was examined against 8 kinds of several microorganisms. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of the water and ethanol extracts of green tea showed the most active antimicrobial activity against B. subtilis 0.2 mg/mL in Gram positive bacteria and P. fluorescens 0.3∼0.5 mg/mL in Gram negative bacteria. But the extracts did not show antimicrobial activity against lactic acid bacteria and yeast at the level of less than 1 mg/mL. Antimicrobial activity got lower as tea got more fermented. Antimicrobial activity of ethanol extracts from green tea, semifermented tea, and fermented tea was stronger than that of water extracts. Antimicrobial activity of the water and ethanol extracts of green tea, semi-fermented tea, and fermented tea was not destroyed at 50∼121$^{\circ}C$, and pH 3∼11, which proved to be very stable when given over heat, acid & alkali treatment. The ethanol extract of green tea, semi-fermented tea, and fermented tea was fractionated in the order of hexane, diethyl ether, ethyl acetate and water fraction. The highest antimicrobial activity was found in the water fraction, but not found in hexane fraction, while antimicrobial activity of fermented tea was not found in ether fraction.