• Journal of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.48 no.2
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• pp.123-128
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• 2004

Quantum chemical quantities, enthalpy of formation(${\Delta}H_f$), HOMO and LUMO energy, and dipole moment(${\mu}_D$) were acquired by AM1, PM3, and ZINDO/1 methods for polyamines and imidazole derivatives. The investigation of the inhibitory activity on some Ni(II) complexes with polyamines and imidazole derivatives is performed by ZINDO/1 calculations. It was found that experimental inhibitory activity(IA) appeared when the value of net charge and enthalpy of formation were over 0.03 and -300 eV, respectively for Ni(II) complexes. These results showed that the Ni(II) complexes have exception on the following very unstable compounds: square pyramidal [Ni(dpt)(tn)])]$^{2+}$(dpt=3,3'-diaminodipropylamine)(tn=1,3-diaminopropane) and distorted tetrahedral [Ni(N-PropIm))$_2$(NCS))$_2$](N-PropIm=N-Propylimidazole).

• Journal of the Korean Society for Nondestructive Testing
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• v.34 no.1
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• pp.38-43
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• 2014

An experimental method based on flexural wave propagation is proposed for identification of structural damage in rail fastening systems. The vibration of a rail clamped and supported by viscoelastic pads is significantly influenced by dynamic support properties. Formation of a defect in the rail fastening system induces changes in the flexural wave propagation characteristics owning to the discontinuity in the structural properties. In this study, frequency-dependent support stiffness was measured to monitor this change by a transfer function method. The sensitivity of wave propagation on the defect was measured from the potential energy stored in a continuously supported rail. Further, the damage index was defined as a correlation coefficient between the change in the support stiffness and the sensitivity. The defect location was identified from the calculated damage index.

• Journal of the Korea institute for structural maintenance and inspection
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.104-112
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• 2015

Non-contact surface wave transmission (SWT) measurements are used to evaluate the depth of a surface-breaking crack in concrete slabs. The author propose a measurement model that includes an appropriate configuration of the source and receivers, and a transmission function for the given configuration. A series of numerical simulations using a 3D finite element model is used to obtain the transmission function. Then, validity of a proposed model is verified through experimental studies. Two air-coupled sensors are used to measured surface waves across surface-breaking cracks with varying depths from 0mm to 100mm with intervals of 10mm in a concrete slab ($1500{\times}1500{\times}180mm^3$) in laboratory. As a result, the proposed method is demonstrated as to be effective for charactering the depth of a surface-breaking crack in concrete bridge deck with an average error of 10%. A discussion on practical applications of the proposed method is also included in this article.

• Journal of the Computational Structural Engineering Institute of Korea
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.675-691
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• 2002

The focus of this work is on the development of large-scale numerical optimization methods for optimal control of steady incompressible Navier-Stokes flows. The control is affected by the suction or injection of fluid on portions of the boundary, and the objective function of fluid on portions of the boundary, and the objective function represents the rate at which energy is dissipated in the fluid. We develop reduced Hessian sequential quadratic programming. Both quasi-Newton and Newton variants are developed and compared to the approach of eliminating the flow equations and variables, which is effectively the generalized reduced gradient method. Optimal control problems we solved for two-dimensional flow around a cylinder. The examples demonstrate at least an order-of-magnitude reduction in time taken, allowing the optimal solution of flow control problems in as little as half an hour on a desktop workstation.

• Journal of the Computational Structural Engineering Institute of Korea
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.661-674
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• 2002

The objective of this study is to develop efficient numerical method to enable solution of optimal control problems of Navier-Stokes flows and to apply these technique to the problem of viscous drag minimization on a bluff body by controlling boundary velocities on the surface of the body. In addition to the industrial importance of the drag reduction problem, it serves as a model for other more complex flow optimization settings, and allows us to study, modify, and improve the behavior of the optimal control methods proposed here. The control is affected by the suction or injection of fluid on portions of the boundary, and the objective function represents the rate at which energy is dissipated in the fluid. This study shows how reduced Hessian successive quadratic programming method, which avoid converging the flow equations at each iteration, can be tailored to these problems.

• Korean Journal of Materials Research
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• v.8 no.6
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• pp.526-531
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• 1998

A hydride vapor phase epitaxy (HVPE) method was performed to grow the $10~240\mu{m}$ thick GaN films on (111) spinel $MgAl_2O_4$ substrate. The GaN films on $MgAl_2O_4$ substrate revealed a photoluminescence (PL) characteristics of the impurity doped GaN by the out-diffusion and auto-doping of Mg from $MgAl_2O_4$ substrate during GaN growth. The PL spectrum measured at 10K consists of free and bound excitons related recombination transitions and impurity-related donor-acceptor pair recombination and its phonon replicas. However, the deep-level related yellow band emission was not observed. The peak energy of neutral donor bound excitonic emission and the frequency of Raman $E_2$ mode were exponentially decreased with increasing the GaN thicknesses. and the frequency of E, Raman mode was shifted with the relation of $\Delta$$\omega$=3.93$\sigma$($cm^{-1}$/GPa), where l1 (GPa) is the residual strain in the GaN epilayers.

• The Transactions of the Korean Institute of Power Electronics
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.15-22
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• 1998

The goal of this paper is to propose analyzing and evaluating method of power parameters for motor drive system with various experimental graphic screens and numerical results and to develop the proposed system. A developed system is made up 586-PC and DSP board, motor drive system, power parameters analyzing and evaluating software for windows. Power parameters are analyzed using correlation signal processing techniques based on the correlation between voltage and current waveforms. Analysis results are visualized by 3-D current coordinates, and it is compared and evaluated with conventional time/ frequency domain. To verify the validity of the proposed system, capacitor run type single phase induction motor and thyristor speed controller is used for analyzing. Power and harmonic parameters of motor drive system is analyzed and verified, with varying fire angle of thyristor speed controller, and the proposed approach is to confirm validity.

• Journal of the Society of Naval Architects of Korea
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• v.56 no.4
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• pp.308-315
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• 2019

In this study, numerical simulations of slamming impact pressure acting on the flat plate and wedge type models using the cartesian-grid system and Modified Marker-Density Method (MMD method) were performed and the results were examined. The flat plate and wedge type models were selected as target objects, the turbulence characteristics were considered by applying the Sub-Grid Scale (SGS) turbulence model. Through this study, how the pressure acting on the target objects according to the incident angle influences the slamming impact pressure was examined and the results were compared with the flow characteristics of other experimental results. Also, the degree of slamming impact pressure is evaluated with respect to the cartesian-grid system and MMD method, which is easy to use and has a high degree of calculation for free surface.

• Tunnel and Underground Space
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• v.31 no.1
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• pp.66-81
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• 2021

The effects of directional fracture tensor components and first invariant of fracture tensor on deformation moduli and shear moduli of fractured rock masses is analyzed based on regression analysis performed between 3-D fracture tensor parameters and deformability of DFN blocks. Using one or two deterministic joint sets, a total of 224 3-D discrete fracture network (DFN) cube blocks were generated with various configurations of deterministic density and probabilistic size distribution. The fracture tensor parameters were calculated for each generated DFN systems. Also, deformability moduli with respect to three perpendicular direction of the DFN cube blocks were estimated based on distinct element method. The larger the first invariant of fracture tensor, the smaller the values for the deformability moduli of the DFN blocks. These deformability properties present an asymptotic pattern above the certain threshold. It is found that power-law function describes the relationship between the directional deformability moduli and the corresponding fracture tensor components estimated in same direction.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2021.06a
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• pp.429-429
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• 2021

2019년 발생한 인천광역시 붉은 수돗물 사태로 급수구역에 포함된 26만 1천 세대, 63만 5천 명이 직·간접적인 피해를 입은 바 있다. 경제적 피해액으로 추정할 경우 최소 1,280억 원 이상으로 보고된 바 있으며, 이와 같은 상수관망의 수질사고 확산은 장기간 동안 시민의 건강과 생활환경 수준을 저하시킨다. 따라서 상수도시스템의 수질사고확산 모델링 및 방지기술을 통한 수질안전성의 재확인이 필요하며, 이것은 상수도시스템의 지속가능성을 높여 국민이 체감하는 물 환경 수준 제고에 기여가 가능하다. 관망 내 수질해석을 직접적으로 수행하는 모델은 국외적으로 다양하게 개발(PODDS, EPANET-MSX, EPANET2.2 등)된 바 있으나 검·보정을 위한 수질측정 자료 부족 등으로 적용이 제한적이라는 한계가 현재에도 존재한다. 이를 보완하기 위해 수질자료에 비해 그 양이 많고 획득방법이 상대적으로 수월한 수리학적 계측자료 및 해석결과를 활용한 관로 내 체류시간 등을 활용한 연구가 수행된 바 있다. 그러나 이와 같은 수리학적 해석 결과를 활용하는 경우에도 계측자료를 기반으로 한 수리학적 검·보정은 필수적이라 할 수 있다. 본 연구에서는 관로 내 체류시간에 직접적인 영향을 미치는 유량 및 유속자료를 중심으로 수리학적 관망해석의 결과를 최적 검·보정하는 방법론을 제안하였다. 기존 상수관망 수리해석의 검·보정은 일부 지점에서 수압을 측정하고, 수리해석 결과로 도출되는 해당 지점의 수압이 실측된 결과와 유사하도록 관로의 유속계수를 적절히 보정하는 형태로 진행되었다. 그러나 본 연구에서는 관로유량과 유속자료의 목적함수 내 가중치를 수압자료보다 크게 설정하여 체류시간 중심의 검·보정이 수행될 수 있도록 하였으며, 검·보정 대상인자 역시 대수용가의 수요량, 수요패턴, 그리고 관로유속계수로 확장된 모형을 구축하였다. 최적화 기법으로는 메타휴리스틱 기법중 하나인 화음탐색법을 활용하였다. EPANET 2.2 Toolkit과 Visual Basic .Net을 연계하여 프로그래밍하였으며, 개발된 모형을 실제 지방상수도 시스템에 적용하여 분석하였다.