• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers A
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• v.36 no.4
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• pp.443-449
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• 2012

Nanoskins were fabricated on a Ti-6Al-4V material by carrying out various surface treatments, i.e., deep rolling, laser shot peening, and ultrasonic nanocrystal surface modification (UNSM). These surface treatments are newly developed techniques and are becoming more popular for industrial applications. Fatigue tests were carried out using material test system (MTS); these tests included the axial loading tension-compression fatigue test (R = -1, RT, 5 Hz, sinusoidal wave) and rotating bending fatigue test (R = -1, RT, 3200 rpm). The analysis of the crack initiation pattern in the UNSM-treated material indicated that the crack was interior originating in the axial loading tension-compression cycle, and was surface originating in the bending fatigue test. UNSM treatment significantly improved the fatigue strength for the regime of above $10^6$ cycles that S-N curve of rotating bending stress clearly show the performance of a 5 mm titanium specimen after UNSM treatment is similar to that of an untreated 6 mm titanium specimen.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers A
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• v.35 no.9
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• pp.1119-1129
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• 2011

Shot-peening effects on the fatigue behavior of bearing steel were investigated under the high cyclic loading. Hourglass shape specimens were made of bearing steel(JIS-SUJ2) for rotary bending fatigue tests. Two kinds of treatments were performed : a heat treatment and a shot-peened surface treatment after the heat treatment. The fracture surfaces of specimens were classified into two types of fracture mode : the surface fracture mode induced by a surface defect and the internal fracture mode induced by a nonmetallic inclusion. Inclusion depth and shape affected considerably the fatigue life. Shot-peening treatment improved much the fatigue life of the bearing steel under low and high levels of cyclic loads. Probabilistic-stress-life (P-S-N) curves were suggested for the reliable fatigue life estimation of the improved bearing steel.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Surveying, Geodesy, Photogrammetry, and Cartography Conference
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• 2007.04a
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• pp.161-164
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• 2007

The paper studies in the wide-angle lens and distortion tendency and employs the correction techniques suitable to the fish-eye lens using the existing photographic survey methods. After carrying out the calibration of the the fish-eye lens, we calculated the correction parameters, and then developed the method that convert the original image-point to new image-point correcting distortion. The objectives of suggested calibration method in this paper are to calibrate the image of the the fish-eye lens used in the computer-vision and the control-instrumentation field widely. The proposed technique expects to improve the accuracy of the image of the fish-eye lens in the indoor tracking and monitoring field. Also the referenced cross point auto-extraction program is embodied for improving efficiency of the lens correction techniques. Consequently, this calibration method would be applied to the automated distorting correction method on not only the fish-eye lens also general lens.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Broadcast Engineers Conference
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• 1999.11b
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• pp.105-108
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• 1999

렌즈를 통하여 촬영하는 모든 영상은 근본적으로 렌즈에 의한 기하학적인 왜곡이 발생하게 된다. 특히 방송영상에 있어서 더 넓은 영역을 촬영하기 위하여 어안렌즈를 사용하게 되면 왜곡은 더욱 심각해진다. 이러한 기하학적인 렌즈 왜곡은 반지름 r에 대한 다항식으로 모델링될 수 있고 여기서 각 항의 계수를 구함으로써 왜곡은 보정될 수 있다. 각항의 계수는 Block-Matching Algorithm(BMA)을 이용한 대응 화소 검출을 통해서 얻어 질 수 있는데 기존의 BMA는 사각형의 정해진 크기의 탐색 영역(search region)을 가지게 되므로 렌즈왜곡과 같은 특수한 상황에서는 비효율적이다. 따라서 본 논문에서는 렌즈 왜곡에 적응적인 탐색 영역(search region)을 갖는 새로운 BMA를 제안한다. 이는 렌즈 왜곡의 특성을 분석하여 렌즈 왜곡이 많이 일어나는 부분만을 특별히 정해서 대응 화소를 찾으므로 찾는 속도는 현저히 증가하고 성능은 기존의 BMA와 같은 성능을 보인다. 이러한 알고리즘은 하드웨어 구현에도 많은 도움이 될 것이다.

• The Transactions of The Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers
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• v.62 no.9
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• pp.1270-1275
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• 2013

A lot of research about camera calibration and lens distortion for wide-angle lens has been made. Especially, calibration for fish-eye lens which has 180 degree FOV(field of view) or above is more tricky, so existing research employed a huge calibration pattern or even 3D pattern. And it is important that calibration parameters (such as distortion coefficients) are suitably initialized to get accurate calibration results. It can be achieved by using manufacturer information or lease-square method for relatively narrow FOV(135, 150 degree) lens. In this paper, without any previous manufacturer information, camera calibration and barrel undistortion for fish-eye lens with over 180 degree FOV are achieved by only using one calibration pattern image. We applied QR decomposition for initialization and Regularization for optimization. With the result of experiment, we verified that our algorithm can achieve camera calibration and image undistortion successfully.

• Journal of Institute of Control, Robotics and Systems
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• v.15 no.10
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• pp.1021-1028
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• 2009

In this paper, a location identification for a cleaning robot using a camera shooting forward a room ceiling which kas three point landmarks is introduced. These three points are made from a laser source which is placed on an auto charger. A fisheye lens covering almost 150 degrees is utilized and the image is transformed to a camera image grabber. The widly shot image has an inevitable distortion even if wide range is coverd. This distortion is flatten using an image warping scheme. Several vision processing techniques such as an intersection extraction erosion, and curve fitting are employed. Next, three point marks are identified and their correspondence is investigated. Through this image processing and image distortion adjustment, a robot location in a wide geometrical coverage is identified.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Precision Engineering
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• v.18 no.9
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• pp.122-130
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• 2001

Induction surface hardening is widely used to enhance local strength and hardness. However, most research is only to have a focus on fatigue life and fatigue behavior is not so much studied. So, in this study, Cr-Mo steel alloy(SCM440) was used to show the effect of residual stress and micro hole on the fatigue strength fur base metal and induction surface hardened specimen. In addition, the fatigue characteristic between surface hardened and fully hardened steel is somewhat different. It is caused by hardness distribution, residual stress and inclusions etc.. The modification of prediction equation of fatigue strength is proposed and predicted results show very good accuracy. A $textsc{k}$, which is calculated 1.46, is introduced to consider the effect of stationary crack with defect. A new method of modifying residual stress is proposed to examine the mean stress effect under fatigue loading.

• The tire
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• s.47
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• pp.29-32
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• 1973

영국 던로프는 요즈음 타이어가 빵꾸나도 주행할 수 있는 안전한 타이어 "토오탈모오빌리티 타이어"의 개발에 성공한 뜻을 발표했다. 이 타이어의 구조를 간단히 말하면 타이어가 빵꾸났을 경우 타이어안의 모종의 연골류가 빵꾸 구멍을 막아 버리는 역할을 하고 또한 특별한 림과의 콤비로 타이어가 림으로부터 빠지는 일 없이 고속주행을 단속할 수가 있는 것- 이란 것이다. 물론 전세계에는 많은 타이어 메이커가 있어서 수다한 여러가지의 타이어의 연구를 행하고 있으며 과거허다한 신제품이 세상에 나왔으나 "이번의 토오탈, 모오빌리티 타이어는 공기입 타이어, 튜우브래스 타이어, 라디알 타이어의 개발까지도 능가할 만큼의 혁명적 개발이라고 할 수가 있을 테지요"라고 동사에서는 설명. 이에는 작년 동사와 합병한 이태리의 피레리이사의 협력에 힘입은 바도 크다고 부언하고 있다. 또한 동타이어는 아직 시작성공의 단계이지만 1년반후에는 완전화 시판도 예정, 2년후에는 양산화의 체제도 갖추고저 하고 있다. 또한 이에 대해 일본의 제휴회사인 가우 고무에선 "국산화의 용의도 있으며 가능하면 금년 4월경 영국던로프로부터의 수입 타이어로 공개 테스트도 해 보고저 한다"는 지를 말하고있다.

• 한국HCI학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2007.02a
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• pp.994-999
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• 2007

전방향(omnidirectional) 카메라 시스템은 보다 적은 수의 영상으로부터 주변 장면(scene)에 대한 많은 정보를 취득할 수 있는 장점이 있기 때문에 전방향 영상을 이용한 자동교정(self-calibration)과 3차원 재구성 등의 연구가 활발히 진행되고 있다. 본 논문에서는 기존에 제안된 교정 방법들을 이용하여 추정된 사영모델(projection model)의 정확성을 검증하기 위한 새로운 방법이 제안된다. 실 세계에서 다양하게 존재하는 직선 성분들은 전방향 영상에 컨투어(contour)의 형태로 사영되며, 사영모델과 컨투어의 양 끝점 좌표 값을 이용하여 그 궤적을 추정할 수 있다. 추정된 컨투어의 궤적과 영상에 존재하는 컨투어와의 거리 오차(distance error)로부터 전방향 카메라의 사영모델의 정확성을 검증할 수 있다. 제안된 방법의 성능을 평가하기 위해서 구 맵핑(spherical mapping)된 합성(synthetic) 영상과 어안렌즈(fisheye lens)로 취득한 실제 영상에 대해 제안된 알고리즘을 적용하여 사영모델의 정확성을 판단하였다.

• Proceedings of the IEEK Conference
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• 2008.06a
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• pp.963-964
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• 2008

Recently, omni-directional cameras are broadly used due to their wide field of view. Fisheye camera is one of them. This paper proposes the system which uses a fisheye camera for face recognition and analyzes its advantages. Since face images taken with a fisheye camera are affected by perspective distortion and radial distortion, we suggest a two-step method for removing those distortions from the face images.