• Cross-Cultural Studies
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• v.31
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• pp.197-216
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• 2013

This thesis analyzes various becomings of female characters in Rose Gate written by Tie Ning. By this analyzation, we can pick out what identity the female characters eager to have decomposed, what identity they hope to create, and what do these procedures mean. Si Qiwen's 'becoming male' presents strong desire to shift from periphery to center. However, it is meaningless when her tragic life can not be justified by those same female people. Zuxi's 'becoming wanderer' shows that Tie Ning refuses usual reality of woman's life which vest in man. Sumei's 'becoming mother' is the exact point where torn female ego gets to consolidate, and it means Tie Ning takes 'mother-becoming' as ultimate truth of woman's life. Besides, Tie Ning finds women's becoming something new as escaping from the other and she denies equation of man with savior.

• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
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• v.3 no.4
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• pp.93-100
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• 2017

The purpose of this study was to examine what was the child's character education recognized by mothers of multicultural families and what was the actual conditions and needs of the child's character education at home through the in-depth interviews, and to suggest the efficient direction of the child's character education for mothers of multicultural families. The research participants were 6 mothers with children in multicultural families who lived in E city of Gangwon-do. The results of this study were as follows. First, as for the child's character education recognized by mothers of multicultural families, it was said to doing character education at home such as becoming a good person, becoming a child to listen to the parent's words and to reconcile with family, and becoming a child who was in harmony with friends. Second, as for the actual conditions of child's character education, they often used a control language such as "Do not, no", when children did not behave properly. In particular, there were some cases of using threatening words such as "taking you to the police station". Third, they hoped that various interests and support would be provided, such as not listening to "You are ill-behaved because you are in a multicultural family," receiving husband's educational support, receiving grandparents' support, and interests from the educational institution, etc.

• Journal of East-West Nursing Research
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• v.29 no.2
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• pp.117-128
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• 2023

Purpose: This study aims to develop a structural model for predicting motherhood in women with her first infant child and to contribute to the development of practical and specific nursing interventions to promote successful motherhood. Methods: The subjects of the study were 211 mothers and fathers who had their first child within 12 months and consented to the study. Data collected from June 2, 2022 to January 31, 2023 were analyzed using SPSS 28.0 and AMOS 26.0 programs. Results: The results of this analysis showed that maternal and paternal factors (postpartum depression and paternal attachment) and infantile factor (temperament) influenced the process of becoming a mother for a women with her first child, with postpartum depression being the most influential factor. Conclusion: In order to increase the level of motherhood, it is important to prevent postpartum depression and create a nurturing environment for mothers, and social system support and psychological nursing intervention strategies are necessary.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.417-432
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• 2022

This study was conducted to investigate the effects of covid-19 pandemic on mother's child-rearing style and provide information on mother-rearing. The significance of regression coefficients was verified to investigate the factors affecting warm parenting and control parenting, and the effect of separation and individualization on warm parenting (β=-).40, p <.001). Moreover, covid infection has a positive effect on controlled child care (β=.21, p=.002), and separation has a significant effect on controlled child care (β=-26, p<.001). Based on the results of these studies, we can see that the strong belief in mother-rearing and the separation and individualization of healthy children have a great impact on child growth.

• 건강소식
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• v.34 no.6
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• pp.14-15
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• 2010

어머니의 손맛이 예전 같지 않고 짜거나 맵거나 달다면 노년이 되었다는 결정적인 증거이다. 나이가 들어감에 따라 신체가 노화되고 미각 세포의 기능이 저하되어 맛에 대한 감각이 떨어졌기 때문이다. 미각이 떨어졌다는 것은 노년 건강을 위한 식탁관리가 되어야 한다는 말이기도 하다. 노년에는 영양상태가 건강상태를 좌우하는 결정적인 요인인데 노년이 되면 미각 저하는 물론, 식사와 직접적인 관련이 있는 장기 기관의 능력이 저하되어 올바른 영양상태를 유지하기 어렵게 되기 때문이다. 미각이 떨어진 노년기의 식탁관리에 대해서 알아본다.

• Journal of Korean Home Economics Education Association
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.105-114
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• 2003

The purpose of this study was to investigate the influence of adolescents´ perception of the fathers´ child-rearing on their self-efficacy and achievement motivation. The subjects of this study were 456 adolescents from 3 middle schools located in Seoul and GyeonggiDo. The main results are as follows. (1) There was a significant correlation between the father´s child-rearing involvement and the adolescent´s self-efficacy. The father´s ‘day-to-day guidance’ was the best predictor of the adolescent´s self-efficacy. (2) There was a significant correlation between the father´s child-rearing involvement and the adolescent´s achievement motivation. The father´s ‘day-to-day guidance’ was the best predictor in predicting the adolescent´s achievement motivation. In conclusion, the adolescent´s perceived father´s child-rearing involvement were found to be significant variables in predicting the adolescent´s self-efficacy and achievement motivation.

• Cross-Cultural Studies
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• v.19
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• pp.181-204
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• 2010

This study analyzes the meaning of madness shown in the female narrative, focusing on two novels- "Before the Operation" by Mei Niang and "Madman's Diary" by Baek Shin-Ae. The novel "Before the Operation" reveals women's instinctive desires through an insane woman and brings up a problem of unfair suppression caused by patriarchism. On the other hand, the heroine of "Madman's Diary" shows madness when she is at a crisis to be 'the other' in the patriarchal system. Her madness is caused because she fails to find the meaning of her presence in the system. Interestingly, a woman who departs from moral standards of patriarchy (from "Before the Operation") becomes thefocus of public censure while a man (from "Madman's Diary") who also ignores those standards seems to be a victim. In "Madman's Diary", the man's wife is accused of being mad while he draws sympathy as a victim. This shows that those moral standards have duplicity. At this point, the heroines who continuously adjust themselves to the system express their madness. In other words, the madness implies a stern protest against the moral standards applied differently to men and women. It is unique that the two heroines of the novels become 'sane' when they encounter thematter of 'being a mother'. When it comes to "Madman's Diary", 'being a mother' of the insane woman who becomes 'the other' in the system foretells dismal future. Meanwhile, Mei Niang indicates the way- 'being a mother'- to overcome the dismal future through "Before the Operation". In this case, the mother is not a figure that reproduces the patriarchal power structure, but an independent figure who wants to change it. For that reason, 'being a mother' has the meaning of subversion and resistance.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.2020-2028
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• 2015

This study was conducted in order to identify factors influencing maternal-fetal attachment among pregnant women, considering the factors presented in Mercer's theory: Becoming a Mother(pregnancy stress, self-esteem, dyadic adjustment, sense of mastery, antepartum stress). The data was collected through structured questionnaires from 140 pregnant women who visited the obstetric clinic and public health centers in a metropolitan area to have prenatal tests from August 23th to November 25th 2014. The data were analyzed by SPSS 20 software using descriptive statistics, the t-test, ANOVA, the Pearson's correlation coefficients and a stepwise multiple regression. The results were as follows: Maternal-fetal attachment in the group of pregnant women under 30 years of age was significantly higher than that in the group of over the age of 31(t=2.79,p=.004). Primiparas had higher maternal-fetal attachment than multiparas(F=3.27, p=.041). There was a negative correlation between pregnancy stress(r=-0.22, p=.009) and maternal-fetal attachment. Self-esteem (r=0.45, p<.001), dyadic adjustment(r=0.42, p<.001), sense of mastery(r=0.24, p=.005) and maternal-fetal attachment were, however, positively correlated. It was found that self-esteem, dyadic adjustment and age were some of the factors influencing maternal-fetal attachment among pregnant women. These variables explained 26.1% of the variance in maternal-fetal attachment. Findings of this study indicate needs for comprehension and assessment of self-esteem and dyadic adjustment in pregnant women through prenatal tests. Also, the intervention programs to improve maternal-fetal attachment among older mothers should be developed and implemented.

• Journal of Korean Society of Transportation
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.17-26
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• 2000

U-turns are allowed widely at the intersections by local police department while the left-turn Phases have been gradually Prohibited. However, any strategies for U-turn movements at signalized intersections are unavailable. Therefore, the Purpose of this study is to Propose the efficient operational method of Urban arterial adopting U-turn strategies. Four alternatives are evaluated they are, 1) U-turn movements are allowed at the adjacent intersection with exclusive U-turn lane while the major or the minor approach is Prohibited, 2) U-turn movements are allowed at the adjacent mid-block Pedestrian crossing with exclusive U-turn lane while the major approach is Prohibited. 3) U-turn movements are allowed at the adjacent mid-block Pedestrian crossing with exclusive U-turn lane while the minor approach is prohibited and 4) Comparative one between alternative 3 and 4. From the results of this study, it concludes that the method of U-turn movements allowed at the adjacent mid-block pedestrian crossing with exclusive U-turn lane is the most effective strategy among those alternatives. The strategies of alternative 1 and 4 are Proposed by the boundary based on the major through and left-turn volumes and the minor left-turn volume.

• Investigative Magnetic Resonance Imaging
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.152-157
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• 2002

Purpose : The differential diagnosis between Modic type I degenerative spine and infectious spondylitis sometimes is difficult, because the affected bone marrows in both disease show similar signal intensity on conventional MR imaging. We evaluate the usefulness of diffusion-wighted MR imaging for differential diagnosis between Modic type I degenerative spine and infectious spondylitis. Materials and methods : The spin-echo and diffusion-weighted MR images of eight patients with Modic type I degenerative spines and 14 patients with infectious spondylitis diagnosed by clinical findings or CT-guided biopsies we re analyzed. The diffusion-weighted imaging sequence was based on reversed fast imaging with steady-state precession (PSIF). Signal intensity changes of the vertebral bone marrow on conventional spin-echo and diffusion-weighted MR imaging were compared between degenerative spine and infectious spondylitis. Results : On T1-weighte d images, the affeted bone marrow in both disease showed hypointense signals. On T 2-weighted images, all of type I degenerative spine and 11 of infectious spondylitis showed hyperintensity, and three of infectious spondylitis showed heterogeneo us mixed signal intensity. On diffusion-weighted MR images, all of type I degenerative spine were hypointense with peripheral high signal intensity to normal vertebral body, but infectious spondylitis was hyperintense (n = 11) and hypointense (n=3). Conclusion : Diffusion-weighted MR imaging is useful to differentiate Modic type I degenerative spine from infectious spondylitis. On diffusion-weighted images, the high singal intensity of bone marrow suggests infectious spondylitis, whereas the low signal intensity of bone marrow with peripheral focal high signal intensity suggests type I degenerative spine.