• Journal of the Korean Child Neurology Society
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• v.26 no.4
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• pp.197-204
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• 2018

Purpose: West syndrome is a severe form of age-specific epilepsy that typically affects infants younger than 2 years of age with mitochondrial disease. We aimed to examine age-specific characteristics of the syndrome in these patients. Methods: We retrospectively analyzed 54 patients with West syndrome diagnosed with mitochondrial disease between March 2006 and March 2016. We compared treatment strategies and diagnostic and clinical variables between patients with early-onset (<6 months of age) and late-onset (${\geq}6$ months of age) seizures. Results: Seizure was the first symptom in 30 (90.9%) and 13 (65%) patients of the early-onset and late-onset groups, respectively (P=0.046). Delayed development was observed in 3 (9.1%) and 7 (35%) patients of the early-onset and late-onset groups, respectively (P=0.023). Lactate levels were normal in 17 patients (55%) of the early-onset group and 5 (25%) of the late-onset group (P=0.036), while initial brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings were normal in 23 (67.6%) and 8 (40%) patients of the early-onset and late-onset groups, respectively. Final MRI findings were abnormal in 32 patients (94.1%) of the early-onset group and 18 (90%) of the late-onset group (P=0.036). Although ketogenic diets reduced seizure frequency in both groups, the difference was not significant. Conclusion: There is no significant difference in epilepsy-related variables when patients are divided based on a cut-off age of 6 months. However, differences in the first symptom at onset and MRI findings were observed. Although lactate levels were not of significant diagnostic value in the early-onset group, they may be in the late-onset group.

• Korean Architects
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• no.7 s.435
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• pp.78-89
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• 2005

• Hospice
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• s.74
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• pp.2-8
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• 2022

• Journal of the korean academy of Pediatric Dentistry
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• v.48 no.2
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• pp.151-159
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• 2021

Since January 2019, insurance coverage for caries treatment of permanent teeth using composite resin in children aged 12 and under has started in South Korea. The purpose of this study was to compare the pattern of permanent molar composite resin restoration aged 12 and under before and after the insurance coverage from January 2009 to March 2020 in the Department of Pediatric Dentistry at Kyung Hee University Dental Hospital at Gangdong. Since the insurance coverage was started in 2019, the frequency of permanent molar composite resin restoration aged 12 and under has increased more than twice. There was a significant change in frequency of resin restoration by shape of cavity comparing before and after the insurance coverage, whereas there was no significant difference in changes by patient age, gender and position of tooth. As accessibility to the permanent tooth composite resin restoration is increased by the insurance coverage, which shows a fair survival rate, it is expected that it could be able to secure oral health in the early permanent dentition aged 12 and under.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.192-200
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• 2016

This study aims to design user-oriented children's hospital by examining the user needs, especially the mothers of child inpatients and the nurses. The subjects participated in a questionnaire survey including the user's characteristics, awareness of patient's room, the preference on ward size, demands, satisfaction and hospital environment assessment. The survey was conducted of the mothers of child inpatients and the nurses in A children's hospital, and the data were analyzed by the SPSS WIN 18.0 Version software. A total of 115 copies of the questionnaire were finally analyzed. The results and conclusions are as follows. 1) The mothers' demand on family-centered space and private spaces were higher than the nurses. 2) The mothers preferred 1-bed-room to 4-bed-room due to safety and privacy. 3) The items of hospital environment assessment was categorized into four factors; 'Aesthetics', 'Accessibility', 'Comfort', and 'Lighting'. The most positive factor was 'Aesthetics', whereas 'Comfort' was the negative factor. 4) The mother's satisfaction was lower than the nurse's. The most influential factors on the satisfaction was 'Accessibility'. To improve the satisfaction of the mothers of child inpatients and the nurses, safety, privacy, accessibility should be considered.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.113-124
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• 2016

This research examines domestic and oversea's barrier-free design guidelines provided exclusively for children and their implementations in the common spaces of the outpatient clinics in two pediatric rehabilitation hospitals in Seoul. Based on literature review, a checklist was developed to compare various barrier-free design guidelines in consideration of children's accessibility in space. In addition, four spatial areas in the outpatient clinics of the two hospitals were investigated based on the checklist. As a result, the domestic and Japanese guidelines were aiming primarily to all user groups regardless of ages. Whereas in other oversea's guidelines, a number of barrier-free design standards exclusive for children were found in the facility items such as handrail, sink, urine, toilet, water fountain, chair, table, shelve, and so on, throughout the indoor waiting and sanitary spaces. Concerning implementations, most of the items in the indoor passage, waiting, and sanitary spaces of the two hospitals were not sufficiently facilitated enough to meet with the barrier-free design standards exclusive for children. As such, it is recommended to review and improve the current domestic barrier-free design guideline to accommodate various physical and spatial needs of children in all age groups and regardless of disability types, in the design of a pediatric rehabilitation hospital in the future.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.105-112
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• 2016

Nurses in a children's hospital have to meet a special condition with their younger patients who need continuous supervision and cares. The planning of the ward where the nurse as well as the patient and his/her caregivers stay all day long should cover all the users need. This study focused on the nurse's need for the ward in children's hospital. The nurse stay longer than any users in hospital and their treatment have to be based on deep understanding of their patients. The survey research followed the literature review on the children's hospital and the nurses' task and behavior. 119 nurses answered the structural questionnaire and their answers were analyzed using the statistical process such as basic descriptive statistics, ANOVA, and actor analysis. Results and conclusions are as follows. (1) The subjects least satisfied with the accessibility for the children and the nature-and child-friendly design features among physical environment design factors of the hospital. (2) The Subject regarded the patients' room to a private place of the patients and their caregivers not to the work places. (3) The design factors of the nursing station were classified into four: the functionality-, the privacy-, the supervision-and the restfulness-factor. The functionality and supervision factor were highly required as a workplace, the privacy factor between the patients, their caregivers and subject were also represented high score, but the restfulness factor were least required.

• Pediatric Infection and Vaccine
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• v.27 no.3
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• pp.158-170
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• 2020

Purpose: We evaluated the incidence and characteristics of Clostridioides difficile infection (CDI) in Korean children. Methods: Medical records of patients aged 2-18 years and diagnosed with CDI at a tertiary hospital between 2009 and 2018 were analyzed. The patients were classified into three CDI groups: community-acquired (CA), community onset-health care facility-associated (CO-HCFA), and healthcare facility onset (HO). Results: The incidence of CDI increased from 1.00 to 10.01 cases per 10,000 admissions from 2009 to 2018 (P<0.001). As compared to the CA group, the HO group had a higher frequency of operation and malignancy as predisposing factors (40.4% vs. 0.0%, P=0.001; and 27.7% vs. 0.0%, P=0.027, respectively), frequency and number of previous antibiotic use (97.9% vs. 31.3%, P<0.001; and 2 vs. 0, P<0.001, respectively), and median postdiagnosis hospital stay (13 vs. 5 days, P=0.008). The CO-HCFA group had a lower median age and higher frequency of malignancy than the CA group (5 vs. 13 years, P=0.012; and 30.8% vs. 0.0%, P=0.030, respectively). As compared to the HO group, the CA group had a higher frequency of abdominal pain and hematochezia (56.3% vs. 10.6%, P=0.001; and 50.0% vs. 10.6%, P=0.002, respectively), inflammatory bowel disease (68.8% vs. 2.1%, P=0.001), and intravenous metronidazole treatment (37.5% vs. 2.1%, P=0.001). Conclusions: With the increasing incidence of pediatric CDI, awareness regarding its epidemiology and clinical characteristics is important to manage nosocomial infections.

• Pediatric Infection and Vaccine
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• v.27 no.3
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• pp.147-157
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• 2020

Purpose: We investigated the trend of antibiotic susceptibility of Haemophilus influenzae over 5 consecutive years. Methods: We analyzed the antibiotic susceptibility of H. influenzae isolated from children aged <18 years, who were admitted to the Asan Medical Center Children's Hospital from March 2014 to April 2019. Antibiotic susceptibility of H. influenzae was determined by the disk diffusion test according to the European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing guidelines. Results: Excluding duplicates, 69 isolates were obtained over the past 5 years. The median age of the patients was 5 years (range, 2.8-8.6 years). The antibiotic susceptibility patterns were as follows: ampicillin (AMP)-susceptible/amoxicillin-clavulanate (AMC)-susceptible (AS/ACS; n=15 [21.7%]), AMP-resistant/AMC-susceptible (AR/ACS; n=21 [30.4%]), and AMP-resistant/AMC-resistant (AR/ACR; n=33 [47.8%]). The prevalence of isolates with AR/ACR phenotype tended to increase from 42.1% in 2014-2015 to 54.5% in 2018-2019 (P=0.342). Compared to 2014-2015, the resistance rates to cefuroxime and ceftriaxone in 2018-2019 increased from 31.6% to 77.3% and from 0.0% to 59.1%, respectively (P=0.003 and P<0.001, respectively). Conclusions: Over the last 5 years, H. influenzae isolates with AR/ACR phenotype and ceftriaxone resistance were frequently observed at our institute. The incidence of resistance to cefuroxime and ceftriaxone has increased significantly.

• Child Health Nursing Research
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.160-169
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• 2006

Purpose: This study was to explore the child's health and learning needs of mother of children with leukemia in a children school of a hospital and to describe the basic material for intervention program development. Methods: Participants in this study was 7 mother of children with leukemia. Data collection consisted of in-depth focus group interviews done from April 21 to 30 in 2005. Results: 3 categories emerged from 9 theme clusters. The categories was 'tutorial service', 'emotional service' and 'disease control'. Conclusion: The results of this study show that pediatric nurses need to pay attention to the learning needs of mother and children in the children school of hospital and develop the program to support the children with leukemia and chronic disease.