• Korean Journal of Applied Biomechanics
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.259-278
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• 2002

This study divided straight success, pade success and failure with 7male golfers who have experiences more than 3 years, analyzed kinematic factors of golf swing to suggest scientifically. The conclusions were follows. 1) The wrist angle has significant difference in straight success, pade success and failure when swing of every pattern. There is no significant difference in pade success and failure. 2) The body twist angle has no significant difference in straight success, pade success and failure when swing of every pattern. There is no significant difference in pade success and failure. 3) The shoulder joint rotation angle has no significant difference in success, pade success and failure when swing of every pattern. There is no significant difference in pade success and failure. 4) The left hip joint vertical angle has no significant difference in straight success, pade success and failure when swing of every pattern. There is no significant difference in pade success and failure. 5) The hip joint rotation angle has no significant difference in straight success, pade success and failure when swing of every pattern. There is no significant difference in pade success and failure. 6) The trunk angle has no significant difference in straight success, pade success and failure when swing of every pattern. There is no significant difference in pade success and failure. 7 )The left knee joint angle has no significant difference in straight success, pade success and failure when swing of every pattern. There is no significant difference in pade success and failure. This study divided golf swing motion of pattern change in straight success, pade success and failure and analyzed the kinematic factors by 3-dimension cinematography to improve performance. In the future, many researchers have to study kinematic analysis to improve performance in every events.

• Korean Journal of Applied Biomechanics
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.91-107
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• 2002

This research got the following conclusion as result that analyzed high clear action kinematically to 4 C girls' junior high school badminton players who are situated in Chungchong-bukdo. 1. Most of the subject didn't rotate their right shoulder and elbow joint at back swing and moved speedy to shuttle cock. And an cooperation action of joint decreases displaying only a good action on both subject`s specification joint part. 2. When the subject S1 and S2 swing slowly and largely the joint of shoulder and elbow and then the speed of right wrist and racket head is fast, the cooperation action of joint is better than other subject. 3. An angle change of right shoulder showed angle that all subjects are great being caused in softness of joint and angular velocity was exposed that load enough Impact force and increase the speed of racket head as angular velocity decreases rapidly in Impact except subject S3. 4. All subjects of right elbow angle change showed similar form and was exposed that subject S2 sees form of impact stage serious bends from back swing and do not use force effectively in angular velocity. 5. Angle of right wrist appeared that the speed of shuttle cock is decelerated because fast bends of wrist is not formed shortly after Impact because all subject do not accomplish big angle shortly after back swing. Angular velocity can assume that the subject S1 and S4 are using and move fast strong snap shot offering angular velocity value of Impact stage sound (-). 6. While size of Impact stage knee angle accomplishes angle that is big both subject, hip joint angles sees small angle and is playing swing that do on upper body and arm without using strong waist force that is composition action with knee and hip joint.

• Journal of Fashion Business
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.80-91
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• 2011

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the differences of visual effects and visual images by variations in shoulder angle and shoulder width of power shoulder jacket. The stimuli are 5 samples: One control group, 2 variations of the angle of shoulder line and 2 variations of the width of shoulder line. The data has been obtained from 87 fashion design majors. The data has been analyzed by Factor Analysis, Anova, Scheffe's Test and the Correlation Analysis. The results of the study are as follows: The visual images by the angle and the width of shoulder line of power shoulder jacket are composed of 4 factors : attention, stiffness and softness, masculinity, and trendiness. Among these factors, attention factor is estimated by the most important factor. The visual effects by the angle and the width of shoulder line of power shoulder jacket are composed of 3 factors : whole silhouette, neck and arm figure, upper body figure. In these factors, the whole silhouette is estimated by the most important factor. The power shoulder jacket with extreme changes in shoulder angle has double images: it looks trendy and classy but also gives an awkward image. In case of changes in shoulder width, the visual evaluation shows big differences with the degree of expansion. The visual evaluation with variation in angle has stronger image and effect than that in width. The power shoulder jacket trend itself is also evaluated that variation in angle reflects the trend better than that in width.

• Progress in Medical Physics
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• v.2 no.2
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• pp.161-173
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• 1991

A statistical approach was carried out to analyze joint moments acting on the six subjects performing a right-handed seated task. The dynamic task analyzed consisted of moving a hand-held weight of lkg mass back and forth in front of a subject's chest at the shoulder level in an upright seated position. We used experimental data obtained in the Biomechanics Laboratory of the University of Michigan. Based on the acquired data from three trials by each subject, moments were calculated using a 3-dimensional biomechanical model at such articulations as wrist, elbow, shoulder, the third lumbar spine, hip, knee, and ankle joints. The linear correlation and the two way analysis of variance were applied to the calculated joint moments in order to investigate inter-subject and inter-trial varations. The results obtained showed that the largest magnitude and deviation of moment was found at the third lumbar spine, that any linear relationship could not be found between moment and its equivalents attempted in this study, and that the maximum value and deviation of moment acting on each joint were statistically the same for all three trials but those were statistically not the same for all six subjects.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.199-205
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• 2013

The purpose of this study was to analyze the changes in gait according to four style of bag's carryied method and three different bag's weights. Twenty healthy adults participated in four conditions. The first condition, they wearing a bag on one side shoulder and walked. The second condition, they carried a bag sling across on shoulder and walked. The third condition, they carried a bag on a back using both shoulders and walked. The fourth condition, they hold a bag in their right hand and walked. During all four conditions participants wore a SmartStep insole in their right shoe and had a pressure control device strapped to their right ankle. Each participant walked 10 meters carrying a 2.5 kg, 5 kg and 7.5 kg bag under all four conditions. There were significantly differents in stance phase rate; swing phase rate and walking speed according to bag weight of 2.5 kg, 5 kg, 7.5 kg.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.20 no.6
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• pp.402-409
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• 2019

Patients with dementia or elderly patients who can not move at all by themselves are at a high risk of falls and bedsore due to lack of caregivers. In this paper, to solve this problem, we propose an algorithm to determine the patient's lying postures by discriminating the main body parts such as head, shoulders, and hips based on the pressure intensity sensed at regular intervals. A smart mat with a lattice structure in which a pressure sensor is arranged so that the body part can be discriminated irrespective of the physical characteristics has been implemented. It consists of two modules of $7{\times}7$ array size. Each module consists of 49 FSR-406 sensors and independently senses pressure. For each module, the body part corresponding to the upper body or the lower body is sequentially discriminated by using a pressure distribution such as a cumulative pressure sum using a filter. The proposed algorithm can identify five lying positions by examining the inclusion relationship between body parts belonging to layer-1 such as head, shoulder, and hip area.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Integrative Medicine
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• v.7 no.3
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• pp.109-115
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• 2019

Purpose : The purpose of this study was to investigate the activity of muscles around the scapulothoracic muscles according to the angle of shoulder joint abduction in the prone position. Methods : The participants included 15 adult males who had not undergone orthopedic surgery and did not have shoulder joint impairments. We measured the muscle activity of the upper trapezius, middle trapezius, lower trapezius, and serratus anterior at $120^{\circ}$, $90^{\circ}$, and $60^{\circ}$ shoulder joint abduction angles. Results : There was a significant difference in the comparison of muscle activity in the upper trapezius, middle trapezius, and serratus anterior muscles according to the shoulder joint abduction angle (p<.05). The results of the post test showed that the upper trapezius was significantly different between $120^{\circ}$ and $60^{\circ}$ (p<.01), and the middle trapezius was significantly different between $90^{\circ}$ and $120^{\circ}$, and between $90^{\circ}$ and $60^{\circ}$ (p<.05). There was a significant difference in the serratus anterior between $120^{\circ}$ and $90^{\circ}$ (p<.01), and $120^{\circ}$ and $60^{\circ}$ (p<.01). Conclusion : The results of this study could be used to determine an effective shoulder joint abduction angle to reduce muscle activity of the upper trapezius and increase muscle activity of the middle trapezius, lower trapezius, and serratus anterior.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.19 no.10
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• pp.313-323
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• 2018

This study was conducted to develop an individualized upper extremity exercise program for patients after mastectomy and evaluate its effectiveness. A nonequivalent control-group pretest-posttest design was used for this investigation. Research participants were patients with breast cancer who underwent mastectomy at two university hospitals (experimental group, n=17; control group, n=16). The experimental group received an individualized upper extremity exercise program three times a week for 7 weeks. Data were analyzed by the ${\chi}^2-test$, Fisher's exact test, Mann-Whitney U-test and Wilcoxon Signed Rank test using SPSS WIN 21.0. Inter-group comparison revealed significant differences between pre-test and post-test in hands behind the back, flexion, abduction, external rotation, internal rotation, and grip strength. Moreover, the experimental group showed significant improvements in hands behind the back, flexion, abduction, external rotation, internal rotation, and grip strength relative to the control. In conclusion, the individualized upper extremity exercise program was shown to be an effective intervention to improve physical functions in upper limbs and shoulders. Therefore, this program should be applied to patients after mastectomy in clinics since many patients have suffered from decreased physical functions in upper extremities.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.2012-2019
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• 2015

This study examined the changes in the center of pressure (COP) and cadence according to three types of bags carried and three different bag weights. The experimental period was from June 3, 2013 to January 20, 2014, and thirty eight healthy adults (mean age: $26.10{\pm}5.32$ years, age range: 22-30 years) volunteered under three conditions. In the first condition, the subjects wore a bag over one shoulder and they walked. In the second condition, they carried a bag across the shoulder and walked. With the third condition, they carried a backpack using both shoulders and walked. 3-Dimentional motion analysis system and a force plate were used to measure the kinematic parameters of gait and COP displacement during gait. Each subject walked 6 meters carrying a 3kg, 5kg and 7kg bag under all three conditions. The COP of the antero-posterior and medio-lateral, and cadence variable were significantly different according to the bag weight of 3kg, 5kg and 7kg. These findings suggest that walking while carrying a backpack using both shoulders is more effective on the changes in COP and gait of adults than the other conditions.

• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.341-347
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• 2018

The purpose of this study is to examine the change to the muscle activity from the serratus anterior(SA) of 5th and 7th, upper trapezius(UT), middle trapezius(MT) lower trapezius (LT), and pectoralis major(PM) when push-up plus exercise(PUP) is performed in four postures. 25 healthy, young participants performed various PUP convergence exercise(general posture, $90^{\circ}$, $120^{\circ}$ and BOSU). The muscle activity of the shoulder stability muscles was measured using a surface EMG analysis system during various PUP convergence exercise. One-way repeated-measure of ANOVA was conducted to comparison the activity of each muscle. There was significant difference in SA7, PM, UT, and MT (p <.05) during various PUP. The muscle activity of SA7 had a significance difference between PUP and $90^{\circ}PUP$ or BOSUPUP respectively (p <.05). The muscle activity of PM had a significance difference between $90^{\circ}PUP$ and PUP or BOSUPUP (p <.05). The muscle activity of UT had a significance differnce between $90^{\circ}PUP$ and PUP or BOSUPUP (p <.05). The muscle activity of MT had a significance differnce between $90^{\circ}PUP$ and PUP and also significantly difference PUP and $120^{\circ}PUP$(p <.05). These results suggest that general PUP can be a useful to improve to scapular stabilizer muscle in who has no shoulder dysfunction.