• Proceedings of the Korea Multimedia Society Conference
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• 2001.06a
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• pp.91-94
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• 2001

유방 질만 분석을 위한 병리진단에서는 암종세포의 세관형성 정도와 핵의 다형성과 유사분말정도를 기준으로 하여 나누는 방법이 용이하고 재현성이 높다. 그 중에서도 세포핵의 크기와 다형성, 핵과 세포질의 비율은 양성종양과 악성종양을 분류하는데 있어서 중요한 요소중의 하나이다. 그러므로 본 논문에서는 유방 질단 영상에서 세포핵을 추출하여, 핵의 형태학적 특징값인 핵의 연적 둘레, 가로·세로(장·단축)의 길이를 구하고 핵과 세포질의 비율을 계산한 후, 추출한 형태학적 특성 칸들이 양성종양과 악성종양으로 분류하는데 있어서 유의한 특성 값인지 비교·분석하였다.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• v.43 no.5
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• pp.720-727
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• 1996

Objectives: $^{201}TI$ - chloride, $^{99m}Tc$ - MIBI, $^{99m}Tc$(V) - DMSA SPECT has been used in distinguishing lung cancer from benign lesion. To compare the diagnostic efficacy of SPECT with these tumor - seeking agents, we perfonned three consecutive SPECT using $^{201}TI$, $^{99m}Tc$ - MIBI, $^{99m}Tc$(V) - DMSA in same subjects with a solitary pulmonary lesion. Methods: SPECT was carried out at 10min and 3hr for $^{201}TI$ after injection of 20mCi, and 2hr for $^{99m}Tc$ - MIBI and $^{99m}Tc$(V) - DMSA after injection of 20mCi, respectively, in 37 patients with a solitary pulmonary lesion(27 lung cancer and 10 benign diseases). In patients showing visual uptake on lesion site, we obtained the lesion - to - background(target lesion/contralateral normal lung) uptake ratio from transverse slice for each radionuclide and also calculated the retention index for $^{201}TI$. Results: The diagnostic sensitivity of $^{201}TI$, $^{99m}Tc$ - MIBI and $^{99m}Tc$(V) - DMSA SPECT to lung cancer was 100%, 96% and 73%, and the specificity was 40%, 70% and 70%, respectively. The low specificities for these agents were mainly due to high positive uptake in patients with active pulmonary tuberculosis. There were no significant differences in uptake ratios and retention index between malignant and benign lesions, and among the histologic types of lung cancer. Conclusion : $^{201}TI$ and $^{99m}Tc$ - MIBI showed higher sensitivity than $^{99m}Tc$(V) - DMSA for detecting lung cancer, but was of limited usefulness in distinguishing lung cancer from benign lesion due to low specificity, especially in area with a high prevalence of active pulmonary tuberculosis.

• The Korean Journal of Nuclear Medicine
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• v.32 no.2
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• pp.143-150
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• 1998

Purpose: T1-201 SPECT has been used in differentiating benign and malignant pulmonary lesions. While its sensitivity may be high, the specificity and predictive values are reported to be variable depending on the type of benign lung lesion. The purpose of this study was to prospectively assess the efficacy of T1-201 SPECT for differentiating benign and malignant single pulmonary lesion in a population with a high prevalence of benign pulmonary lesion, especially, tuberculosis. Materials and Methods: One-hundred thirty-three patients, having 89 malignant and 44 benign lesions(23 active tuberculosis, 5 inactive tuberculosis, 3 aspergil-loma, 3 focal pneumonia, 2 thymoma, and 8 others), were imaged using a dual-headed system at 15 minute(early) and 3 hour (delayed) following administration of 111MBq T1-201. The images were read visually and lesion-to-background ratios(L/B) were obtained from transverse tomographic slices. Retention index was expressed as [(delayed L/B- early L/B) $\div$ early L/B]. Results: 82/89(92%) and 83/89(93%) of the malignant lesions were visually positive on the early and delayed images, and 27/44(61%) and 26/44(59%) of the benign lesions were also visually positive on both images. Although a statistically significant difference was found between the mean L/B's of the malignant and benign lesions, L/B was not useful for differentiating the two due to a large overlap. There was no difference in retention indices. Conclusion: Despite of its high sensitivity, the specificity of T1-201 SPECT was unacceptably low in patients with active benign lesions. The positive and negative predictive values for lung cancer in a population with a high prevalence of the benign single pulmonary lesion was only marginal.

• Proceedings of the KSLP Conference
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• 1998.11a
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• pp.183-183
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• 1998

음성이 성대진동에 의해서 생성된다는 것이 밝혀진 이래로 이것을 확인해 보기 위한 많은 노력이 있어왔다. 특히 성대의 빠른 진동을 느린 움직임으로 정확하게 관찰하기 위해서 후두스트로보스코프같은 기구가 사용되고 있지만, 이것은 실제 시간에 따른 성대움직임을 보는 것이 아니고, 또 불규칙한 진동이 나타날 경우에는 성대점막의 움직임을 관찰하는 것이 불가능한 단점이 있었다. 저자들은 초 당 8000 개의 연속된 영상을 기록할 수 있는 videokymography를 이용하여 성대점막의 실제 시간에 따른 움직임을 관찰해보고, 후두질환에서 나타나는 영상을 확인해 보기 위하여 본 연구를 시작하였다. (중략)

• The Korean Journal of Nuclear Medicine
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.25-41
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• 1985

간흡충증은 한국 및 동남아세아에 널리 분포되어 있는 중요한 풍토병의 하나로서 진단은 전통적으로 분변검사에 의존하여 오고 있다. 최근 들어 담관내 간흡충 및 이의 합병증의 진단을 위해 ERCP 및 contrast cholangiogram등이 시도되었으나 실제에 이용하기에는 많은 제약이 있다 하겠다. 저자는 간흡충증에 있어서 최근 소개된 $^{99m}Tc-DISIDA$ hepatobiliary scintigraphy의 진단적 의의를 규명하고자 1982년부터 1983년까지 고신의대 부속 복음병원에서 검진한 간흡충증 환자 90명을 대상으로 하여 $^{99m}Tc-DISIDA$ hepatobiliary scintigraphy와 formalin-ether 원침법에 의한 분변검사를 시행하였다. $^{99m}Tc-DISIDA$ scintigram소견은 간내 담관 bile flow 및 총수담관 bile flow defect, 그리고 간세포기능의 정도에 따라 자료를 분석하였고 그외 합병증의 진단은 병록 기록, 수술 소견, ERCP 등에 의존하여 결론을 얻었다. $^{99m}Tc-DISIDA$ scintigraphy는 특이한 양상의 bile flow dynamics를 나타내었으며 간내 주담관의 intermittent irregular focal bile flow defect 및 tile flow stasis를 나타내고 말초담관의 bile flow defect는 경미하고 60분 내에 담관 bile flow activity의 완전한 배설을 나타내는 경우를 mild pattern, 간내 담관의 심한 irregular bile flow dynamics 및 간내담관의 심한 irregularity (담관내벽의 심한 불규칙성), 총수담관, 간내 주담관 및 말초 담관까지 심하게 irregular bile flow stasis를 나타내며 bile flow activity의 완전 베설이 $60\sim90$분사이 혹은 90분이상까지 인지된 경우를 moderate-severe pattern으로 분류하였다. 1) 분변검사상 간흡충증은 95검사중 70검사(환자 86명중 67명)에서 양성을 보여 분변 충난검사의 양성율은 73.7%였고 음성율은 26.3%였다. 2) $^{99m}Tc-DISIDA$ hepatobiliary scintigraphy는 90명중 70명에서 특이한 Cs-bile flow양성을 보였으며 양성율은 77.8%였으며 음성율은 22.2%였다. 3) $^{99m}Tc-DISIDA$ hepatobiliary scintigram양성율을 나타낸 환자 70명중 11명은 mild pattern, 59명은 moderate-severe pattern을 나타냈으며 그중 21명은 여러가지 간세포 기능 및 담관에 영향을 미치는 질환과 합병했지만 특이한 Cs-bile flow pattern을 dominent하게 나타내었으며 합병된 여러 질환들도 bile flow pattern상 인지 할 수 있었다. 4) $^{99m}Tc-DISIDA$ hepatobiliary scintigram 음성율을 나타낸 환자 20명중 8명은 만성간염, 5명은 간경변증, 3명은 재발성 농양성담관염(recurrent pyogenic cholangitis)과 간내담도의 stricture 및 담관담석증이 합병되었으며 scintigram상 합병증의 pattern을 나타냈고 4명에서는 low CBD obstruction을 나타내었으며 후에 CBD stone, CBD carcinoma, gall bladder Ca.의 porta hepatis 전이 및 clonorchis worms의 cluster에 의한 obstruction이 operation 및 ERCP로서 진단 되었다. 5) $^{99m}Tc-DISIDA$ hepatobiliary scintigraphy pattern은 현재의 자각증상과 관계된 dominent disease를 나타내었으며, 공간 점유병소도 multiple project images를 시행하므로서 쉽게 발견할 수 있었다. 이와 같이 간흡충증에 있어서 $^{99m}Tc-DISIDA$ hepatobiliary scintigram은 환자의 자각증상과 관계된 질환을 규명하는 데 필요한 정보를 얻었을 수 있었으며 간내담관의 damage정도를 규명하는데 필요한 procedure임이 판명되었다.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• v.48 no.3
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• pp.292-297
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• 2005

Purpose : It is known that 3-50 percent of type 1 diabetes mellitus(T1DM) patients develop autoimmune thyroid disease. We analyzed the clinical characteristics of autoimmune thyroid disease(AITD) developed in patients with T1DM in Korean. Methods : The medical records of 139 patients, who were followed up in Department of Pediatrics, Seoul National University Children's Hospital from Jan. 1981 to Jul. 2004, were analyzed retrospectively. Results : Forty-four males and 95 females were enrolled. At least one of the autoantibodies for thyroid was positive in 54 cases. The detection rate for AITD was not correlated with sex ratio, control of T1DM, body mass index, age at diagnosis of T1DM, and familial history of thyroid disease, between two groups. In the male group, AITD was more frequently found at a younger age than in the female group. The frequency of AITD was significantly higher in the goiter group without sex differences. In the thyroid disease group, 40 patients(74.0 percent) were euthyroid, seven patients(12.9 percent) were hypothyroid, and seven patients(12.9 percent) were hyperthyroid. Conclusion : We should monitor thyroid function and autoantibodies routinely in T1DM patients who develop goiters, or young boys with T1DM.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Radiology
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• v.12 no.5
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• pp.623-630
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• 2018

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease is the most common cause of chronic liver diseases. This study was to characterize early hepatic lipid changes in fatty liver rat model by in vivo short-echo time(TE) $^1H$-MRS(Proton - Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy). Each the examinations were measured from liver parenchyma in rats at 0, 2, 4, 6, 8 weeks followed by high fat diet, respectively. Significant increase in lipid signals. 0.9, 1.3, 2.3, 2.8, and 5.3 ppm was found in animals with 2 weeks(p<0.01). Therefore, $^1H$-MRS is useful in detecting and characterizing various hepatic lipid alterations as early as 2 weeks for the start high fat diet.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.11 no.10
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• pp.342-348
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• 2011

The study aimed to compare the validity between the abdominal ultrasonographic(US) grading system of fatty liver and histologic grading system of fatty liver in living liver donor candidates. As the fatty liver is defined as pathologic total fat >10%, US validity was sensitivity 64.6%, specificity 68%, positive predictive value 76.8%, negative predictive value 54%. As the strict data handling on US grading normal, mild fatty liver are negative, moderate fatty liver is positive, US validity was sensitivity 26.8%, specificity 100%, positive predictive value 100%, negative predictive value 45.5%. ROC curve analysis according to different cut off value of liver-to-kidney brightness ratio was Area under ROC curve=0.859(95% CI=0.795~0.922, state variable= total fat 10%). There were statistically significant difference( p<0.001). Ultrasonography for the fatty diagnosis showed a high validity to predict the result of histology grade of fatty liver.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Inherited Metabolic disease
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.1-9
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• 2016

Newborn screening (NBS) is important if early intervention is effective in a disorder and if there are sensitive and specific biochemical markers to detect disorder. Methionine is a useful marker to detect abnormal methionine-homocysteine metabolism, especially homocystinuria which needs urgent medical intervention. However, hypermethioninemia could occur in other metabolic disorder including liver disease, tyrosinemia type I, methionine adenosyltransferase (MAT) I/III deficiency, glycine N-methyltransferase (GNMT) deficiency, or adenosylhomocysteine hydrolase deficiency. However, experience with NBS for homocystinurias and methylation disorders is limited. Especially, MAT I/III deficiency which is the most common cause of persistent hypermethioninemia have two inheritance, autosomal recessive (AR) and autosomal dominant (AD), and their clinical manifestation is different between AR and AD. Here, author reviewed recent articles of guideline and proposed guideline for homocystinuria and methylation disorder.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• v.47 no.3
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• pp.311-320
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• 1999

Background: In recent years, tuberculosis has re-emerged as a major health problem in both industrialized & developing countries. Recent advances in identifying & purifying antigens secreted in active tuberculosis infection have lead to the development of serological assays based on a number of immunodominant antigens. To date, the most sensitive and specific of these antigens has been the 38-kDa antigen. Method: Two rapid membrane-based serologic assays using antigen(38-kDa) from mycobacterium tuberculosis for the diagnosis of tuberculosis were evaluated in 22 patients with smear-positive pulmonary tuberculosis, 14 patients with inactive pulmonary tuberculosis, and 9 patients with non-tuberculous lung disease. Result: The evaluation of validity(sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value, false positivity and false negativity) of STAT-PAK ULTRA FAST$^{(R)}$ were 77.3%, 28.6%, 63.0%, 44.4%, 71.4 %, and 22.7% for differential diagnosis of active pulmonary tuberculosis and inactive pulmonary tuberculosis, respectively. The evaluation of validity of STAT-PAK ULTRA FAST$^{(R)}$ were 77.3%, 33.3%, 73.9%, 37.5%, 66.7%, and 22.7% for differential diagnosis of active pulmonary tuberculosis and non-tuberculosis. The evaluation of validity of ICT Tuberculosis$^{(R)}$ were 54.5%, 57%, 66.7%, 44.4%, 42.9%, and 45.5% for differential diagnosis of active pulmonary tuberculosis and inactive pulmonary tuberculosis. The evaluation of validity of ICT Tuberculosis$^{(R)}$ were 54.5%, 100%, 100%, 47.4%, 0%, and 45.4% for differential diagnosis of active pulmonary tuberculosis and non-tuberculosis. Conclusion: We concluded no effectiveness of STAT-PAK ULTRA FAST$^{(R)}$ & ICT tuberculosis$^{(R)}$on serologic diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis. In the future, further large-scale study should be needed for serologic diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis.